Stability and micro-topographic effects of Sophora moorcroftiana population on a restored alluvial fan, Southern Tibetan Plateau
About: This article is published in Land Degradation & Development.The article was published on 2021-03-01. It has received 4 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Plateau & Population.
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TL;DR: In this paper , three sandy dune types (moving dune, MD, semi-decayed dune and fixed dune) of the Sophora moorcroftiana shrub in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River were used as the subjects in the study.
Abstract: The alpine sandy dune ecosystem is highly vulnerable to global climate change. Ecological stoichiometry in plants and soils plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles, energy flow and functioning in ecosystems. The alpine sandy dune ecosystem is highly vulnerable to global climate change. However, the stoichiometric changes and correlations of plants and soils among different types of sandy dunes have not been fully explored. Three sandy dune types (moving dune, MD; semifixed dune, SFD; and fixed dune, FD) of the Sophora moorcroftiana shrub in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River were used as the subjects in the current study. Plant community characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents of leaves, understorey herbs, litter, and soil microbes were evaluated to explore the C:N:P stoichiometry and its driving factors. Sandy dune type significant affected on the C:N:P stoichiometry in plants and soils. High soil N:P ratio was observed in FD and high plant C:P and N:P ratios in SFD and MD. The C:N ratio decreased with sand dune stabilization compared with other stoichiometric ratios of soil resources. Leaf C:P and N:P ratios in S. moorcroftiana were higher than those in the understorey herb biomass, because of the low P concentrations in leaves. C, N and P contents and stoichiometry of leaves, understorey herbs, litter and microbe were significantly correlated with the soil C, N and P contents and stoichiometry, with a higher correlation for soil N:P ratio. P was the mainly limiting factor for the growth of S. moorcroftiana population in the study area and its demand became increasingly critical with the increase in shrub age. The variation in the C:N:P stoichiometry in plants and soils was mainly modulated by the soil physicochemical properties, mainly for soil moisture, pH, available P and dissolved organic C. These findings provide key information on the nutrient stoichiometry patterns, element distribution and utilization strategies of C, N and P and as well as scrubland restoration and management in alpine valley sand ecosystems.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors characterized the community structure and plant interactions of soil microbes by combining different methodological approaches (including high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS gene, analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and chloroform fumigation) and the key driving factors along a successional gradient of Sophora moorcroftiana shrub community in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River.
Abstract: In semiarid ecosystems, changes in plant communities are promoted under shrub canopies during restoration, but the link between shrub community restoration dynamics and changes in soil microbe communities is still unclear. We characterized the community structure and plant interactions of soil microbes by combining different methodological approaches (including high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS gene, analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and chloroform fumigation) and the key driving factors along a successional gradient of Sophora moorcroftiana shrub community in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), total PLFAs, and alpha diversity increased significantly as the successional stage advanced, and MBC and MBN were positively correlated with the carbon and nitrogen contents in the soil. Mantel test showed that successional stage-induced changes in soil microbial beta diversity were mainly associated with shrub coverage and soil physicochemical properties. The relative abundances of bacterial PLFAs, particularly those of gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacteroidetes, Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, significantly decreased with succession; the opposite was true for Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Gemmatimonadetes Deltaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. However, the proportion of fungi did not significantly differ among the four successional stages; the dominant phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. We suggest that shrubs directly shape soil microbial communities or indirectly affect such communities by altering soil substrates. Our findings advance the current understanding of sand-stabilizing plant–soil interactions during natural restoration and the reversal of desertification in stressful desert ecosystems.
08 Nov 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the response of C allocation of Sophora moorcroftiana (an indigenous pioneer plant in Tibet) in plant-soil-microbe system to drought, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deficit using a microcosm experiment was studied.
Abstract: Abstract Background and Aims Carbon (C) allocation plays important role in plant adaptation to water and nutrient stress. However, the effects of drought and nutrient deficit on the allocation of recently fixed C in plant-soil-microbe system remain largely unknown. Methods We studied the response of C allocation of Sophora moorcroftiana (an indigenous pioneer plant in Tibet) in plant-soil-microbe system to drought, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deficit using a microcosm experiment. The 13 CO 2 continuous labeling was used to trace C transport through the plant-soil-microbe system. Results Drought significantly reduced C allocation to stem and root but increased allocation to soil. Deficit of N and P significantly increased C allocation to root under well-watered conditions, while P deficit significantly increased allocation to stem but decreased allocation to leaf under drought conditions. Carbon allocation to microbes was mainly affected by nutrient deficit, and 13 C amounts in microbial biomass was decreased by N deficit and increased by P deficit. Stem 13 C amount was positively related to net photosynthetic rate and leaf 13 C amount, suggesting that plants preferentially allocate C to stem. Soil 13 C amount decreased and 13 C amount in microbial biomass first decreased and then increased with increasing plant 13 C amount, indicating that high plant C supply did not drive high amounts of C transferred to soil and microbes. Conclusion We proved that drought and nutrient deficit interactively affected C allocation in plant-soil-microbe system, and revealed a U-shaped relationship between plant C supply and the amounts of C transferred to microbes.
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TL;DR: Copyright (©) 1999–2012 R Foundation for Statistical Computing; permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and permission notice are preserved on all copies.
Abstract: Copyright (©) 1999–2012 R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the R Core Team.
272,030 citations
"Stability and micro-topographic eff..." refers methods in this paper
...The location, height, and the CPA of individual shrub within the CHM were detected, computed, and exported by the 'rLiDAR' package from R (R x64 3.6.1.lnk) statistical software (R Core Team, 2014)....
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TL;DR: Despite continued forest conversion and degradation, forest cover is increasing in countries across the globe, and opportunities abound to combine ambitious forest restoration and regeneration goals with sustainable rural livelihoods and community participation.
Abstract: Despite continued forest conversion and degradation, forest cover is increasing in countries across the globe. New forests are regenerating on former agricultural land, and forest plantations are being established for commercial and restoration purposes. Plantations and restored forests can improve ecosystem services and enhance biodiversity conservation, but will not match the composition and structure of the original forest cover. Approaches to restoring forest ecosystems depend strongly on levels of forest and soil degradation, residual vegetation, and desired restoration outcomes. Opportunities abound to combine ambitious forest restoration and regeneration goals with sustainable rural livelihoods and community participation. New forests will require adaptive management as dynamic, resilient systems that can withstand stresses of climate change, habitat fragmentation, and other anthropogenic effects.
1,356 citations
"Stability and micro-topographic eff..." refers background in this paper
...Chazdon (2008) pointed-out that natural restoration could achieve great success in degraded ecosystems....
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TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 89 restoration assessments in a wide range of ecosystem types across the globe indicates that ecological restoration increased provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services by 44 and 25%, respectively, however, values of both remained lower in restored versus intact reference ecosystems.
Abstract: Ecological restoration is widely used to reverse the environmental degradation caused by human activities. However, the effectiveness of restoration actions in increasing provision of both biodiversity and ecosystem services has not been evaluated systematically. A meta-analysis of 89 restoration assessments in a wide range of ecosystem types across the globe indicates that ecological restoration increased provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services by 44 and 25%, respectively. However, values of both remained lower in restored versus intact reference ecosystems. Increases in biodiversity and ecosystem service measures after restoration were positively correlated. Results indicate that restoration actions focused on enhancing biodiversity should support increased provision of ecosystem services, particularly in tropical terrestrial biomes.
1,355 citations
"Stability and micro-topographic eff..." refers background in this paper
...Ecological restoration is the process of restoring or promoting the function of a degraded ecosystem and can provide substantial benefits to enhance the quality of life (Benayas et al., 2009; Suding et al., 2015; McDonald et al., 2016)....
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...Natural restorations are increasingly being implemented throughout the world and have produced improvements to degraded ecosystems (Benayas et al., 2009; Huang et al., 2019); however, few scientific reports have been published on the influence of natural restoration in the Southern Tibetan Plateau…...
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a simple model of near surface temperature and potential evapotranspiration driven by meteorological data with the incoming solar radiation flux adjusted for topography against measurements of temperature and soil moisture at two chalk grassland field sites in contrasting regional climates of the United Kingdom.
398 citations
"Stability and micro-topographic eff..." refers background in this paper
...Slope and aspect angle may vary considerably over distances of a few meters, and fine-scale species' distribution patterns frequently follow these topographic patterns (Bennie et al., 2008)....
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University of Colorado Boulder1, University of Victoria2, University of Maryland, College Park3, University of North Texas4, National University of Tierra del Fuego5, University of Maryland, Baltimore County6, Southern Oregon University7, University of Waterloo8, University of Sydney9, Ohio State University10, Vanderbilt University11, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars12
TL;DR: The New York Declaration on Forests underscored restoration of degraded ecosystems as an auspicious solution to climate change and parties committed to restore a staggering 350 million hectares by 2030.
Abstract: At the September 2014 United Nations Climate Summit, governments rallied around an international agreement—the New York Declaration on Forests—that underscored restoration of degraded ecosystems as an auspicious solution to climate change. Ethiopia committed to restore more than one-sixth of its land. Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, and Colombia pledged to restore huge areas within their borders. In total, parties committed to restore a staggering 350 million hectares by 2030.
375 citations
"Stability and micro-topographic eff..." refers background in this paper
...Ecological restoration is the process of restoring or promoting the function of a degraded ecosystem and can provide substantial benefits to enhance the quality of life (Benayas et al., 2009; Suding et al., 2015; McDonald et al., 2016)....
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