Stability constants for the formation of rare earth-inorganic complexes as a function of ionic strength
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the Pitzer interaction model to estimate the stability constants for the formation of rare earth complexes over a wide range of ionic strengths, including carbonate, NO3, SO42, OH−, HCO3−, HPO42−, and CO32−.
About: This article is published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta.The article was published on 1992-08-01. It has received 344 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Specific ion interaction theory & Pitzer equations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental verification of a natural process that may produce the lanthanide tetrad effect in geological samples was performed at pH 3.6 to 6.2 with synthetic solutions containing dissolved Fe (≈7 mg/L), rare earths and Yttrium (ΣREY: ≈61 μg/L).
660 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new method is explored for estimating the residence time of suspended particles by combining the Ce concentration data of dissolved and surface-bound phases with the Ce(III) oxidation rate measurements of MOFFETT (1990).
644 citations
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...MILLERO F. J. ( 1992) Stability constants for the formation of rare earth inorganic complexes as a function of ionic strength....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the recent literature on trace elements in rivers, in particular by incorporating the results derived from recent ICP-MS measurements, and the basic questions which they want to address are the following: What are the trace element levels in river waters? What controls their abundance in rivers and fractionation in the weathering+transport system?
Abstract: In this chapter, we have tried to review the recent literature on trace elements in rivers, in particular by incorporating the results derived from recent ICP-MS measurements. We have favored a “field approach” by focusing on studies of natural hydrosystems. The basic questions which we want to address are the following: What are the trace element levels in river waters? What controls their abundance in rivers and fractionation in the weathering + transport system? Are trace elements, like major elements in rivers, essentially controlled by source-rock abundances? What do we know about the chemical speciation of trace elements in water? To what extent do colloids and interaction with solids regulate processes of trace elements in river waters? Can we relate the geochemistry of trace elements in aquatic systems to the periodic table? And finally, are we able to satisfactorily model and predict the behavior of most of the trace elements in hydrosystems?
627 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used predicted association constants for rare earth element (REE) complexes to calculate the speciation of the REEs in simulated and natural fluid compositions over ranges of pH, temperature, and pressure.
613 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the rare earth elements (REEs) were measured in pore waters of the upper ∼25 cm of sediment from one site off Peru and three sites on the California margin.
568 citations
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1,676 citations
TL;DR: A revised and extended table of ionic activity coefficients, which has largely been computed by independent means, taking into consideration the diameter of the hydrated ions,* as estimated by various methods, is presented in this article.
Abstract: Lewis and Randall2 in 1923 published a table of 26 individual ionic activity coefficients, which has subsequently been of frequent use to chemists. The authors emphasized, however, that the presented values should be regarded as preliminary values only. In 1927 Redlich3 reprinted the same table, and no corrections were made even by Jellinek4 in his comprehensive textbook of 1930. It has been pointed out5 that the concept of individual activity coefficients cannot be defined accurately, and such coefficients may not even be determined experimentally without some supplementary definition of non-thermodynamic nature. But the concept may not the less be, and has often been, quite u ~ e f u l , ~ ~ ~ when estimating mean ionic activity coefficients in cases where great accuracy is not claimed. I t is the purpose of the present paper to present a revised and extended table of ionic activity coefficients, which has largely been computed by independent means, taking into consideration the diameter of the hydrated ions,* as estimated by various methods. For sufficiently dilute solutions one may use the well-known Debye-Hiickel formula (aqueous solution a t 25’)
1,413 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the depth distributions of La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er and Yb in the oceanic water column are used to evaluate the marine geochemical cycle of the rare earth elements and their application as water-mass tracers.
Abstract: The depth distributions of La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er and Yb in the oceanic water column are used to evaluate the marine geochemical cycle of the rare earth elements and their application as water-mass tracers.
1,253 citations