Staff burn-out
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of staff burnout is explored in terms of the physical signs and the behavioral indicators, and a practical section deals with what preventive measures a clinic staff can take to avoid burnout among themselves, and if unluckily it has taken place then what measures may be taken to insure caring for that person, and the possibility of his return to the clinic at some future time.
Abstract: The concept of staff burn-out is explored in terms of the physical signs and the behavioral indicators. There is a discussion of how the cognitive, the judgmental as well as the emotional factors are intruded upon once the process is in motion. Further material deals with who is prone to staff burn-out and what dedication and commitment can imply from both a positive and negative point of view. A practical section deals with what preventive measures a clinic staff can take to avoid burn-out among themselves, and if unluckily it has taken place then what measures may be taken to insure caring for that person, and the possibility of his return to the clinic at some future time.
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TL;DR: A scale designed to assess various aspects of the burnout syndrome was administered to a wide range of human services professionals as discussed by the authors, and three subscales emerged from the data analysis: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment.
Abstract: A scale designed to assess various aspects of the burnout syndrome was administered to a wide range of human services professionals. Three subscales emerged from the data analysis: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Various psychometric analyses showed that the scale has both high reliability and validity as a measure of burnout.
10,212 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a conceptual framework for understanding the dynamics of burnout, including determinants of and interrelationships among the three burnout components, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment.
Abstract: Burnout is a unique type of stress syndrome, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment. Although burnout has been shown to be potentially very costly in the helping professions, such as nursing, education, and social work, little work has been done thus far to establish its generalizability to industry. This article reviews the literature on burnout and provides a conceptual framework designed to improve the understanding of burnout. Propositions are presented that are aimed at clarifying the dynamics of burnout, including determinants of and interrelationships among the three burnout components.
2,406 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the job demands-resources model to examine the relationship between job characteristics, burnout, and (other-ratings of) performance, and found that job demands (e.g., work pressure and emotional demands) would be the most important antecedents of the exhaustion component of burnout.
Abstract: The job demands-resources (JD-R) model was used to examine the relationship between job characteristics, burnout, and (other-ratings of) performance (N = 146). We hypothesized that job demands (e.g., work pressure and emotional demands) would be the most important antecedents of the exhaustion component of burnout, which, in turn, would predict in-role performance (hypothesis 1). In contrast, job resources (e.g., autonomy and social support) were hypothesized to be the most important predictors of extra-role performance, through their relationship with the disengagement component of burnout (hypothesis 2). In addition, we predicted that job resources would buffer the relationship between job demands and exhaustion (hypothesis 3), and that exhaustion would be positively related to disengagement (hypothesis 4). The results of structural equation modeling analyses provided strong support for hypotheses 1, 2, and 4, but rejected hypothesis 3. These findings support the JD-R model's claim that job demands and job resources initiate two psychological processes, which eventually affect organizational outcomes. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
2,103 citations
Cites background from "Staff burn-out"
...It represents an extensive and intensive reaction in terms of an emotional, cognitive, and behavioral rejection of the job and it delineates an occupational disillusionment (cf. Freudenberger, 1974)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new tool for the measurement of burnout called the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), which consists of three scales measuring personal burnout, work related burnout and client-related burnout.
Abstract: So far, the large majority of studies on burnout in the international literature have employed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). In this paper we criticize the MBI on a number of points and present a new tool for the measurement of burnout: the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). The CBI consists of three scales measuring personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout, for use in different domains. On the basis of an ongoing prospective study of burnout in employees in the human service sector, the PUMA study (Project on Burnout, Motivation and Job Satisfaction; N=1914 at baseline), we analysed the validity and reliability of the CBI. All three scales were found to have very high internal reliability, and non-response rates were small. The scales differentiated well between occupational groups in the human service sector, and the expected pattern with regard to correlations with other measures of fatigue and psychological well-being was found. Furthermore, the three scales ...
1,930 citations
Cites background from "Staff burn-out"
...The concept of burnout was introduced in the psychosocial literature in the middle of the 1970s by Freudenberger (1974) and Maslach (1976)....
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...The concept of burnout was introduced in the psychosocial literature in the middle of the 1970s by Freudenberger ( 1974 ) and Maslach ( 1976 )....
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TL;DR: The roots of the burnout concept seem to be embedded within broad social, economic, and cultural developments that took place in the last quarter of the past century and signify the rapid and profound transformation from an industrial society into a service economy as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the career of the burnout concept itself, rather than reviewing research findings on burnout.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents an overview of the concept of burnout.Findings – The roots of the burnout concept seem to be embedded within broad social, economic, and cultural developments that took place in the last quarter of the past century and signify the rapid and profound transformation from an industrial society into a service economy. This social transformation goes along with psychological pressures that may translate into burnout. After the turn of the century, burnout is increasingly considered as an erosion of a positive psychological state. Although burnout seems to be a global phenomenon, the meaning of the concept differs between countries. For instance, in some countries burnout is used as a medical diagnosis, whereas in other countries it is a non‐medical, socially accepted label that carries a minimum stigma in terms of a psyc...
1,374 citations
Cites background from "Staff burn-out"
...Freudenberger (1974) borrowed the term from the illicit drug scene where it colloquially referred to the devastating effect of chronic drug abuse....
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...To George Beard, who coined the term in 1869, neurasthenia was the product of rapid technological change as expressed, for instance, by the telegraph (Cooper and Dewe, 2004, p. 5), whereas for Freudenberger (1974) and Maslach (1976), burnout was the product of rapid change in social relationships....
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15 citations