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Journal ArticleDOI

State of the art of self-etch adhesives

01 Jan 2011-Dental Materials (Elsevier)-Vol. 27, Iss: 1, pp 17-28
TL;DR: The major shortcomings of the most simple-to-use one-step (self-etch) adhesives are addressed and special attention is devoted to the AD-concept and the benefit of chemical interfacial interaction with regard to bond durability.
About: This article is published in Dental Materials.The article was published on 2011-01-01. It has received 1059 citations till now.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the key factors affecting the polymerization efficiency of light-activated resin-based composites highlights the apparent need for a more informative approach by manufacturers to relay appropriate information in order to optimize material properties of resin composites used in daily practice.

426 citations


Cites background from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

  • ...Such trends are due affinity with tooth tissue [2]....

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  • ...[2] Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The enamel bond strength of universal adhesives is improved with prior phosphoric acid etching, however, this effect was not evident for dentin with the use of mild universalAdhesives with the etch-and-rinse strategy.

400 citations


Cites background or methods from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

  • ...8,9 Thus, these adhesives are easy-to-use, have a faster application procedure and are less susceptible of differences in the operator’s technique when compared with multi-step etch-and-rinse adhesives.(1,10)...

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  • ...On the other hand, self-etch adhesives contain acid resin monomers that simultaneously “condition” and “prime” the dental substrates and do not require a prior phosphoric acid etching step.(1) These types of adhesive only dissolve the smear layer and do not remove the dissolved calcium phosphates....

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  • ..., sound, carious, sclerotic dentin, as well as enamel).(1) Considering the differences in professional judgment regarding the selection of the adhesive...

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  • ...The etch-and-rinse strategy involves the prior application of phosphoric acid, which, at enamel, produces deep etch-pits in the hydroxyapatite (HAp)-rich substrate and, at dentin, demineralizes up to a depth of a few micrometers to expose an HAp-deprived collagen mesh.(1,3) Thus, etch-and-rinse adhesives are available for use in three steps (acid etching, primer and adhesive) or two steps (primer and adhesive joined into one single material)....

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  • ...On dentin, this process is called ‘hybridization’ and involves the formation of the hybrid layer that contain with resin-infiltrated collagen fibrils.(1,2) Phosphoric acid etching (30-40%) of dentin promotes superficial dentin demineralization and collaborates in the removal of the smear layer, leading to the exposure of the collagen fibrils....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will examine both the principles and outcomes of techniques to prevent collagen hydrolysis in dentin-resin interfaces, and shows that enzyme inhibition is a promising approach to improve hybrid layer preservation and bond strength durability.

332 citations


Cites background from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

  • ...[83] Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL....

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  • ...Even though the concept of chemical bonding with SE adhesives to dentin hydroxyapatite is, in a strict sense, not aiming to inhibit dentin enzymatic function, it has been suggested to preserve the long-term collagen integrity in the hybrid layer [83]....

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  • ...016 believed to minimize nanoleakage, leave a substantial amount of hydroxyapatite around the collagen fibrils to mask the collagen cleavage site and keep the enzymes “fossilized” [83]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Describing adhesive-dentin interfaces chemically and ultrastructurally revealed nano-layering at the adhesive interface, not only within the hybrid layer but also, particularly for Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), extending into the adhesive layer.
Abstract: According to the 'Adhesion-Decalcification' concept, specific functional monomers within dental adhesives can ionically interact with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Such ionic bonding has been demonstrated for 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) to manifest in the form of self-assembled 'nano-layering'. However, it remained to be explored if such nano-layering also occurs on tooth tissue when commercial MDP-containing adhesives (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray; Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) were applied following common clinical application protocols. We therefore characterized adhesive-dentin interfaces chemically, using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultrastructurally, using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM). Both adhesives revealed nano-layering at the adhesive interface, not only within the hybrid layer but also, particularly for Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), extending into the adhesive layer. Since such self-assembled nano-layering of two 10-MDP molecules, joined by stable MDP-Ca salt formation, must make the adhesive interface more resistant to biodegradation, it may well explain the documented favorable clinical longevity of bonds produced by 10-MDP-based adhesives.

308 citations


Cites background or result from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

  • ...This finding favors the use of a ‘mild’ self-etch rather than an ‘etch-and-rinse’ approach with dentin (Van Meerbeek et al., 2011)....

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  • ...Selectively etching enamel combined with a ‘mild’ self-etch adhesive can therefore today be recommended to achieve effective and durable bonding to tooth enamel and dentin (Van Meerbeek et al., 2011)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study critically discusses the available peer-reviewed research concerning the formation and preservation of the hybrid layer (HL), the mechanisms that lead to the degradation of the HL as well as the strategies to prevent it.

261 citations


Cites background from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

  • ...[5] Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL....

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References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: The basic bonding mechanism to enamel and dentin of these three approaches is demonstrated by means of ultramorphological and chemical characterization of tooth-biomaterial interfacial interactions and confirms that conventional three-step etch&rinse adhesives still perform most favorably and are most reliable in the long-term.
Abstract: Bonding to tooth tissue can be achieved through an "etch&rinse," "self-etch" or "glass-ionomer" approach. In this paper, the basic bonding mechanism to enamel and dentin of these three approaches is demonstrated by means of ultramorphological and chemical characterization of tooth-biomaterial interfacial interactions. Furthermore, bond-strength testing and measurement of marginal-sealing effectiveness (the two most commonly employed methodologies to determine "bonding effectiveness" in the laboratory) are evaluated upon their value and relevance in predicting clinical performance. A new dynamic methodology to test biomaterial-tooth bonds in a fatigue mode is introduced with a recently developed micro-rotary fatigue-testing device. Eventually, today's adhesives will be critically weighted upon their performance in diverse laboratory studies and clinical trials. Special attention has been given to the benefits/drawbacks of an etch&rinse versus a self-etch approach and the long-term performance of these adhesives. Correlating data gathered in the laboratory with clinical results clearly showed that laboratory research CAN predict clinical effectiveness. Although there is a tendency to simplify bonding procedures, the data presented confirm that conventional three-step etch&rinse adhesives still perform most favorably and are most reliable in the long-term. Nevertheless, a self-etch approach may have the best future perspective. Clinically, when adhesives no longer require an "etch&rinse" step, the application time, and probably more importantly, the technique-sensitivity are substantially reduced. Especially "mild," two-step self-etch adhesives that bond through a combined micromechanical and chemical interaction with tooth tissue closely approach conventional three-step systems in bonding performance.

1,721 citations


"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

  • ...[27] Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M, Vijay P, et al....

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  • ...On the other hand, it also underlines the great advanage of mild self-etch adhesives as they keep collagen not only ncapsulated and thus protected by HAp, but also provide the otential to chemically interact with HAp [27,29]....

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  • ...The resultant two-fold micro-mechanical and chemial bonding mechanism of mild self-etch adhesives closely esembles that of glass-ionomers [27,45]....

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  • ...echanically interlocked in the created porosities [27]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study critically discusses the latest peer-reviewed reports related to formation, aging and stability of resin bonding, focusing on the micro and nano-phenomena related to adhesive interface degradation.

1,086 citations


"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

  • ...[38] Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Ruggeri A, Cadenaro M, Di Lenarda R, De Stefano DE....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Besides self-etching dentin, specific functional monomers have additional chemical bonding efficacy that is expected to contribute to their adhesive potential to tooth tissue.
Abstract: Mild self-etch adhesives demineralize dentin only partially, leaving hydroxyapatite around collagen within a submicron hybrid layer. We hypothesized that this residual hydroxyapatite may serve as a receptor for chemical interaction with the functional monomer and, subsequently, contribute to adhesive performance in addition to micro-mechanical hybridization. We therefore chemically characterized the adhesive interaction of 3 functional monomers with synthetic hydroxyapatite, using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. We further characterized their interaction with dentin ultra-morphologically, using transmission electron microscopy. The monomer 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) readily adhered to hydroxyapatite. This bond appeared very stable, as confirmed by the low dissolution rate of its calcium salt in water. The bonding potential of 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitic acid (4-MET) was substantially lower. The monomer 2-methacryloxyethyl phenyl hydrogen phosphate (phenyl-P) and its bond to hydroxyapatite did not appear to be hydrolytically stable. Besides self-etching dentin, specific functional monomers have additional chemical bonding efficacy that is expected to contribute to their adhesive potential to tooth tissue.

1,035 citations


"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

  • ...micro-mechanical interlocking is a prerequisite to achieve good bonding (certainly within clinical circumstances), the potential benefit of additional chemical interaction between functional monomers and tooth substrate components has recently regained attention [28,29]....

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  • ...In this sense, the chemical bonding promoted by 10-MDP is not only more effective, but also more stable in water than that provided by 4-MET and phenyl-P, in this order [29]....

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  • ...[29] Yoshida Y, Nagakane K, Fukuda R, Nakayama Y, Okazaki M, Shintani H, et al....

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  • ...On the other hand, it also underlines the great advanage of mild self-etch adhesives as they keep collagen not only ncapsulated and thus protected by HAp, but also provide the otential to chemically interact with HAp [27,29]....

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  • ...in 2004 using XPS (or X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy) [29]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that collagen degradation occurred over time, via host-derived matrix metalloproteinases that are released slowly over time through proteolytic enzyme inhibitors or mineral oil.
Abstract: Incompletely infiltrated collagen fibrils in acid-etched dentin are susceptible to degradation. We hypothesize that degradation can occur in the absence of bacteria. Partially demineralized collagen matrices (DCMs) prepared from human dentin were stored in artificial saliva. Control specimens were stored in artificial saliva containing proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, or pure mineral oil. We retrieved them at 24 hrs, 90 and 250 days to examine the extent of degradation of DCM. In the 24-hour experimental and 90- and 250-day control specimens, we observed 5- to 6-microm-thick layers of DCM containing banded collagen fibrils. DCMs were almost completely destroyed in the 250-day experimental specimens, but not when incubated with enzyme inhibitors or mineral oil. Functional enzyme analysis of dentin powder revealed low levels of collagenolytic activity that was inhibited by protease inhibitors or 0.2% chlorhexidine. We hypothesize that collagen degradation occurred over time, via host-derived matrix metalloproteinases that are released slowly over time.

962 citations


"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

  • ...[40] Pashley DH, Tay FR, Yiu C, Hashimoto M, Breschi L, Carvalho RM, et al....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Comparison of retention of class-V adhesive restorations as a measure to determine clinical bonding effectiveness of adhesives revealed that glass‐ionomers most effectively and durably bond to tooth tissue.

744 citations


"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

  • ...[1] Peumans M, Kanumilli P, De Munck J, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P, Van Meerbeek B....

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  • ...Glass-ionomers have indeed been ecorded with the lowest annual failure rate with regard to lass-V adhesive restorations [1,26]....

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  • ...Finally, inferior clinical performance of one-step adhesives confirmed the less favorable laboratory findings, while it must also be said that the latest generation of one-step adhesives definitely perform better [1,26]....

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