State of the art of self-etch adhesives

doi:10.1016/J.DENTAL.2010.10.023

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State of the art of self-etch adhesives

Journal Article•DOI•

State of the art of self-etch adhesives

B. Van Meerbeek¹, Kumiko Yoshihara¹, Yasuhiro Yoshida², Atsushi Mine², J. De Munck¹, K.L. Van Landuyt¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (2)

Catholic University of Leuven¹, Okayama University²

01 Jan 2011-Dental Materials (Elsevier)-Vol. 27, Iss: 1, pp 17-28

TL;DR: The major shortcomings of the most simple-to-use one-step (self-etch) adhesives are addressed and special attention is devoted to the AD-concept and the benefit of chemical interfacial interaction with regard to bond durability.

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About: This article is published in Dental Materials.The article was published on 2011-01-01. It has received 1059 citations till now.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Progress in dimethacrylate-based dental composite technology and curing efficiency

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Julian Leprince¹, William M. Palin², Mohammed A. Hadis², Jacques Devaux¹, Gaëtane Leloup¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

Université catholique de Louvain¹, University of Birmingham²

01 Feb 2013-Dental Materials

TL;DR: A review of the key factors affecting the polymerization efficiency of light-activated resin-based composites highlights the apparent need for a more informative approach by manufacturers to relay appropriate information in order to optimize material properties of resin composites used in daily practice.

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426 citations

Cites background from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

...Such trends are due affinity with tooth tissue [2]....
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...[2] Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Bond strength of universal adhesives: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa¹, Evandro Piva¹, Adriana Fernandes da Silva¹•Institutions (1)

Universidade Federal de Pelotas¹

01 Jul 2015-Journal of Dentistry

TL;DR: The enamel bond strength of universal adhesives is improved with prior phosphoric acid etching, however, this effect was not evident for dentin with the use of mild universalAdhesives with the etch-and-rinse strategy.

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400 citations

Cites background or methods from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

...8,9 Thus, these adhesives are easy-to-use, have a faster application procedure and are less susceptible of differences in the operator’s technique when compared with multi-step etch-and-rinse adhesives.(1,10)...
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...On the other hand, self-etch adhesives contain acid resin monomers that simultaneously “condition” and “prime” the dental substrates and do not require a prior phosphoric acid etching step.(1) These types of adhesive only dissolve the smear layer and do not remove the dissolved calcium phosphates....
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..., sound, carious, sclerotic dentin, as well as enamel).(1) Considering the differences in professional judgment regarding the selection of the adhesive...
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...The etch-and-rinse strategy involves the prior application of phosphoric acid, which, at enamel, produces deep etch-pits in the hydroxyapatite (HAp)-rich substrate and, at dentin, demineralizes up to a depth of a few micrometers to expose an HAp-deprived collagen mesh.(1,3) Thus, etch-and-rinse adhesives are available for use in three steps (acid etching, primer and adhesive) or two steps (primer and adhesive joined into one single material)....
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...On dentin, this process is called ‘hybridization’ and involves the formation of the hybrid layer that contain with resin-infiltrated collagen fibrils.(1,2) Phosphoric acid etching (30-40%) of dentin promotes superficial dentin demineralization and collaborates in the removal of the smear layer, leading to the exposure of the collagen fibrils....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Strategies to prevent hydrolytic degradation of the hybrid layer—A review

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Leo Tjäderhane¹, Fabio D. Nascimento, Lorenzo Breschi², Annalisa Mazzoni², Ivarne L.S. Tersariol³, Ivarne L.S. Tersariol⁴, Saulo Geraldeli⁵, Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay⁶, Marcela Carrilho⁷, Ricardo M. Carvalho⁸, Franklin R. Tay⁹, David H. Pashley⁹ - Show less +8 more•Institutions (9)

Oulu University Hospital¹, University of Trieste², Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes³, Federal University of São Paulo⁴, University of Florida⁵, University of Turku⁶, University of Western Ontario⁷, University of British Columbia⁸, Georgia Regents University⁹

01 Oct 2013-Dental Materials

TL;DR: This review will examine both the principles and outcomes of techniques to prevent collagen hydrolysis in dentin-resin interfaces, and shows that enzyme inhibition is a promising approach to improve hybrid layer preservation and bond strength durability.

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332 citations

Cites background from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

...[83] Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL....
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...Even though the concept of chemical bonding with SE adhesives to dentin hydroxyapatite is, in a strict sense, not aiming to inhibit dentin enzymatic function, it has been suggested to preserve the long-term collagen integrity in the hybrid layer [83]....
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...016 believed to minimize nanoleakage, leave a substantial amount of hydroxyapatite around the collagen fibrils to mask the collagen cleavage site and keep the enzymes “fossilized” [83]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Self-assembled Nano-layering at the Adhesive Interface

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Yasuhiro Yoshida¹, Kumiko Yoshihara², Noriyuki Nagaoka¹, Satoshi Hayakawa¹, Yasuhiro Torii¹, Tatsuyuki Ogawa¹, Akiyoshi Osaka¹, B. Van Meerbeek² - Show less +4 more•Institutions (2)

Okayama University¹, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven²

01 Feb 2012-Journal of Dental Research

TL;DR: Describing adhesive-dentin interfaces chemically and ultrastructurally revealed nano-layering at the adhesive interface, not only within the hybrid layer but also, particularly for Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), extending into the adhesive layer.

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Abstract: According to the 'Adhesion-Decalcification' concept, specific functional monomers within dental adhesives can ionically interact with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Such ionic bonding has been demonstrated for 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) to manifest in the form of self-assembled 'nano-layering'. However, it remained to be explored if such nano-layering also occurs on tooth tissue when commercial MDP-containing adhesives (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray; Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) were applied following common clinical application protocols. We therefore characterized adhesive-dentin interfaces chemically, using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultrastructurally, using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM). Both adhesives revealed nano-layering at the adhesive interface, not only within the hybrid layer but also, particularly for Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), extending into the adhesive layer. Since such self-assembled nano-layering of two 10-MDP molecules, joined by stable MDP-Ca salt formation, must make the adhesive interface more resistant to biodegradation, it may well explain the documented favorable clinical longevity of bonds produced by 10-MDP-based adhesives.

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308 citations

Cites background or result from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

...This finding favors the use of a ‘mild’ self-etch rather than an ‘etch-and-rinse’ approach with dentin (Van Meerbeek et al., 2011)....
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...Selectively etching enamel combined with a ‘mild’ self-etch adhesive can therefore today be recommended to achieve effective and durable bonding to tooth enamel and dentin (Van Meerbeek et al., 2011)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Dentin bonding systems: From dentin collagen structure to bond preservation and clinical applications

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Lorenzo Breschi¹, Tatjana Maravic², Sandra Ribeiro Cunha³, Allegra Comba¹, Milena Cadenaro⁴, Leo Tjäderhane⁵, David H. Pashley⁶, Franklin R. Tay⁶, Annalisa Mazzoni¹ - Show less +5 more•Institutions (6)

University of Bologna¹, University of Novi Sad², University of São Paulo³, University of Trieste⁴, Oulu University Hospital⁵, Georgia Regents University⁶

01 Jan 2018-Dental Materials

TL;DR: This study critically discusses the available peer-reviewed research concerning the formation and preservation of the hybrid layer (HL), the mechanisms that lead to the degradation of the HL as well as the strategies to prevent it.

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261 citations

Cites background from "State of the art of self-etch adhes..."

...[5] Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van Landuyt KL....
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References

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Journal Article•

Effect of smear layers on bonding of a self-etching primer to dentin

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F. R. Tay, Hidehiko Sano, Ricardo M. Carvalho, David H. Pashley

01 Jan 2000-Journal of Dental Research

189 citations

Journal Article•

Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin.

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Manuel Toledano¹, Raquel Osorio, de Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal Ji, Laura Ceballos, M.A. Cabrerizo-Vílchez - Show less +2 more•Institutions (1)

University of Granada¹

01 Aug 2001-American Journal of Dentistry

TL;DR: To evaluate the shear bond strength of resin-based composite to dentin and enamel using three adhesive systems, two of them containing self-etchant primers, no significant differences exist between Etch & Prime and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose.

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Abstract: PURPOSE To evaluate the shear bond strength of resin-based composite to dentin and enamel using three adhesive systems, two of them containing self-etchant primers. Wettability (contact angle measurements) of the primers of these three adhesive systems was also evaluated on superficial and deep dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS Contact angle measurements were performed on 30 caries-free extracted human third molars; specimens were sectioned parallel to the occlusal surface to expose superficial and deep dentin. Dentin was ground flat (600-grit SiC) under water to provide uniform surfaces. Contact angle measurements were performed to assess wettability using the Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis technique. In order to test the enamel bond strength, 30 extracted bovine incisors were embedded in acrylic resin and ground flat to 800-grit. The adhesives and composite resins were applied following the manufacturers' instructions. All the specimens were stored in water for 24 hrs at 37 degrees C and thermocycled (500x). Shear bond strengths were determined using a universal testing machine and the Watanabe device. For dentin bond strength testing, superficial and deep dentin was exposed in 60 third molars, by sectioning the occlusal surface immediately under the enamel-dentin junction or close to the pulp chamber. After grinding (500 grit SiC), the dentin surfaces were assigned to three groups: (1) Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB)/Clearfil AP-X resin composite. (2) Etch & Prime (EP no significant differences exist between Etch & Prime and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose.

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185 citations

"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

...As mentioned above, while ‘strong’ self-etch dhesives generally perform not that unfavorably at enamel, onding of ‘mild’ self-etch adhesives to enamel (and certainly o unground, aprismatic enamel) remains so far unsatisfacory [48,63,64,68] (Fig....
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...[48] Toledano M, Osorio R, de Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA....
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Journal Article•

Effect of smear layers on the bonding of a self-etching primer to dentin.

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Franklin Chi Meng Tay¹, Ricardo M. Carvalho², Hidehiko Sano¹, David H. Pashley²•Institutions (2)

University of Hong Kong¹, University of São Paulo²

01 Jan 2000-Journal of Adhesive Dentistry

TL;DR: Self-etching primers create thin hybrid layers that incorporate the smear layer, showing that formation of true hybrid layers occurs irrespective of smear layer thickness and that both hybrid layers may function as a unit during loading without separation.

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Abstract: PURPOSE The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the absence and presence of smear layers on bonds made to dentin using a self-etching primer system, Clearfil SE Bond. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin surfaces with different smear layer thickness were created from mid-coronal sound dentin in extracted, human third molars. The control group was cryofractured to create a bonding surface that was devoid of a smear layer. The experimental teeth were ground with wet 60-, 180- or 600-grit SiC paper. They were bonded using SE Bond, followed by resin composite buildups. After 1 day, bonded specimens were sectioned into multiple 1- x 1-mm beams. Microtensile bond strengths were determined and the results analyzed with ANOVA and the Student Neuman Keuls test. Fractographic study of cross sections of failed interfaces from the dentin side of representative beams was performed using both SEM and TEM. RESULTS SE Bond produced high bond strengths (ca 50 MPa) to both smear layer-free and smear layer-covered dentin. SEM examination was inadequate to define the exact nature of interfacial failures. TEM observations demonstrated a thin (ca 400 to 500 nm) hybrid layer in the fractured dentin and thicker (ca 1 to 4 microns) hybrid layers on smear layer-covered dentin. This included a thick, hybridized smear layer and a thin, underlying true hybrid layer in the intact dentin. Separation of the two hybrid layers was not evident in interfacial failures. CONCLUSION Self-etching primers create thin hybrid layers that incorporate the smear layer. This study shows that formation of true hybrid layers occurs irrespective of smear layer thickness and that both hybrid layers may function as a unit during loading without separation. identification of secondary cracks from TEM fractographic analysis exemplifies the complex reaction to tensile stresses in multilayered joint systems that comprise materials of variable compliance.

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185 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Effect of cavity configuration and aging on the bonding effectiveness of six adhesives to dentin

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Kenichi Shirai¹, Jan De Munck¹, Yasuhiro Yoshida², Satoshi Inoue³, Paul Lambrechts¹, Kazuomi Suzuki², Hideaki Shintani⁴, Bart Van Meerbeek¹ - Show less +4 more•Institutions (4)

Catholic University of Leuven¹, Okayama University², Hokkaido University³, Hiroshima University⁴

01 Feb 2005-Dental Materials

TL;DR: The conventional 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesive OptiBond FL bonded most effectively to dentin, and appeared insensitive to polymerization shrinkage stress and water degradation.

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181 citations

"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

...[35] Shirai K, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Lambrechts P, Suzuki K, et al....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Adhesion/decalcification mechanisms of acid interactions with human hard tissues.

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Masayuki Yoshioka¹, Yasuhiro Yoshida¹, Yasuhiro Yoshida², Satoshi Inoue³, Paul Lambrechts², Guido Vanherle², Yuji Nomura¹, Masayuki Okazaki¹, Hideaki Shintani¹, B. Van Meerbeek² - Show less +6 more•Institutions (3)

Hiroshima University¹, Catholic University of Leuven², Hokkaido University³

01 Jan 2002-Journal of Biomedical Materials Research

TL;DR: It is concluded that the AD-concept that originally dictated the interaction of carboxylic acids with human hard tissues can be extended to inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric and nitric acid.

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Abstract: In order to study adhesion/decalcification mechanisms of acid interactions with human hard tissues such as bones and teeth, the chemical interaction of five carboxylic acids (acetic, citric, lactic, maleic, and oxalic) and two inorganic acids (hydrochloric and nitric) with enamel and two synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders with, respectively, a high and a low crystallinity were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), and spectrophotometry (S). X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystallinity of the highly crystallized HAp was considerably higher than that of enamel while the crystallinity of the poorly crystallized HAp was similar to that of dentin and bone. XPS of acid-treated enamel demonstrated for all carboxylic acids ionic bonding to calcium of HAp. AAS and S showed for both HAps that all carboxylic and inorganic acids except oxalic acid extracted Ca significantly more than P, leading to a Ca/P ratio close to that of synthetic HAp (2.16 w/w). Oxalic acid extracted hardly any Ca, but substantially more P, leading to a significantly smaller Ca/P ratio than that of HAp. AAS showed that the calcium salt of oxalic acid hardly could be dissolved, whereas the calcium salts of all the other acids were very soluble in their respective acid solution. These results confirm the adhesion/decalcification concept (AD-concept) previously advanced. Depending on the dissolution rate of the respective calcium salts, acids either adhere to or decalcify apatitic substrates. It is concluded that the AD-concept that originally dictated the interaction of carboxylic acids with human hard tissues can be extended to inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric and nitric acid. Furthermore, HAp crystallinity was found not to affect the adhesion/decalcification behavior of acids when interacting with apatitic substrates, so that the AD-concept can be applied to all human hard tissues with varying HAp crystallinity.

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179 citations

"State of the art of self-etch adhes..." refers background in this paper

...[31] Yoshioka M, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G, Nomura Y, et al....
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...These data coroborate the AD-concept [30,31], and should be attributed to he low hydrolytic stability of the embedded calcium phoshates, along with the lack of stable chemical interaction with he exposed collagen....
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...Confirming these experimental chemical data (and hence the AD-concept [30,31]), the bond strength to dentin of the 10-MDP-based ‘mild’ two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE (Kuraray) remained high after long-term thermo-cycling, while that of Unifil Bond (GC) that contains 4-MET, sig-...
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...[30,31], which prescribes that stable ionic-bond formation to HAp competes with the deposition of less stable calciumphosphate salt deposition (DCPD)....
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