Open AccessJournal Article
Stomatal behaviour, photosynthesis and photorespiration of in vitro -grown grapevines: Effects of light and CO 2
H. Düring,Margit Harst +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
It is concluded that the often observed low rates of photosynthesis of in vitro plantlets are mainly due to low light intensity and CO 2 concentration in the headspace, the latter depending on theLow rates of gas diffusion between ambient air and headspace.Abstract:
To improve photosynthesis and growth of grapevines cultivated in vitro (Seyval blanc and SO 4) effects of light intensity, spectral irradiance and CO 2 concentration on stomatal behaviour, CO 2 fixation and photorespiration were studied. Stomata were shown to respond to changes of light intensity but, unlike photosynthesis, their reactions were delayed and stomatal closure was incomplete in the dark. In contrast, alterations of the CO 2 concentration in the headspace (50-2200 ppm) did not cause stomatal reactions. Photosynthesis vs, light intensity relationships indicated lower light compensation points, higher quantum yield and higher rates of light-saturated photosynthesis with ''Fluora'' lamps (maximal spectral irradiance al 460 and 680 nm) compared to ''projector'' lamps (maximal spectral irradiance at 620 nm). Photosynthesis vs. intercellular CO 2 concentration relationships indicated varietal differences, the carboxylation efficiency and rates of photosynthesis at CO 2 saturation being distinctly higher in the more vigorous variety SO 4 compared to Seyval blanc. Under the usual light conditions of our in vitro culture (50-60 µmol quanta · m -2 s -1 , Fluora) the headspace CO 2 concentration ranged from 145 to 155 ppm while at the end of a 10-hour dark period it increased to values >3000 ppm. Rates of photorespiration were high (>50 % of photosynthesis) due to the relative low CO 2 concentrations and, presumably, due to elevated O 2 concentrations in the headspace. It is concluded that the often observed low rates of photosynthesis of in vitro plantlets are mainly due to low light intensity and CO 2 concentration in the headspace, the latter depending on the low rates of gas diffusion between ambient air and headspace.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Acclimatization of Micropropagated Plants to Ex Vitro Conditions
TL;DR: This review is focused upon contemporary information on the changes in leaf structure, water relations and photosynthesis during acclimatization of plantlets to ex vitro conditions and some ways of improving plant survival and for the speeding up of acclimation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Light quality in plant tissue culture: does it matter?
Diego Silva Batista,Sérgio Heitor Sousa Felipe,Tatiane Dulcineia Silva,Kamila Motta de Castro,Talita Cristina Mamedes-Rodrigues,Natane Amaral Miranda,Anyela Marcela Ríos-Ríos,Daniele Vidal Faria,Evandro Alexandre Fortini,Kristhiano Chagas,Gabriela Torres-Silva,Aloisio Xavier,Ariel D. Arencibia,Wagner Campos Otoni +13 more
TL;DR: This review presents relevant topics on the influence of light in various plant tissue culture-based techniques, as directed by the light used in the culture shelves.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ozone-elicited secondary metabolites in shoot cultures of Melissa officinalis L.
Mariagrazia Tonelli,Elisa Pellegrini,Francesca D'Angiolillo,Maike Petersen,Cristina Nali,Laura Pistelli,Giacomo Lorenzini +6 more
TL;DR: The effect of ozone as elicitor of the production of secondary metabolites in lemon balm shoot cultures was dependent on the specific regime, the time of exposure and the concentration of the stressor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micropropagation of Cacti—a Review
J. Lema-Ruminska,Dariusz Kulus +1 more
TL;DR: The achievements, current state and future prospects of cacti micropropagation methods are discussed, and an overview of cactus multiplication by areole activation, direct and indirect organogenesis (caulogenesis and rhizogenesis) and somatic embryogenesis is provided, as well as consider acclimatization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macro- and microscopic leaf characteristics of six grapevine genotypes ( Vitis spp.) with different susceptibilities to grapevine downy mildew
TL;DR: The two cultivars that in earlier studies were found to be the least susceptible to downy mildew were the most similar in terms of their spongy mesophyll and showed very little or no wax on the abaxial surface of their leaves.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Organic Growth Factor Requirements of Tobacco Tissue Cultures
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimating the rate of photorespiration in leaves
TL;DR: The rate of photorespiration as a proportion of the rate of photosynthesis will fall to one half the current rate when the CO2 level in the atmosphere doubles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stomatal Functioning of In Vitro and Greenhouse Apple Leaves in Darkness, Mannitol, ABA, and CO2
K. E. Brainerd,L. H. Fuchigami +1 more
TL;DR: Stomata of in vitro apple leaves did not seem to have a closure mechanism, but acquired one during acclimatization to the greenhouse environment, and a distinct response to atmospheric CO2 in C. communis was observed.
Journal Article
Stomatal structure and functioning as a response to environmental changes in acclimatized micropropagated Prunus cerasus L.
TL;DR: Observation de la structure histologique et histochimique et reaction a une humidite relative faible, des stomates cultives in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photosynthetic characteristics of Cymbidium plantlet in vitro
TL;DR: The results indicate that CO2 enrichment for the plantlet in vitro at a relatively high PPF would promote photosynthesis and hence the growth of chlorophyllous shoots/plantlets in vitro and that the plantlets in vivo would make photoautotrophic growth under environmental conditions favorable for photosynthesis.
Related Papers (5)
A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures
Toshio Murashige,Folke Skoog +1 more