Storage and Flow of Solids
01 Jan 1964-
About: The article was published on 1964-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 585 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Flow (mathematics).
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01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The mechanical transport of food materials may be divided into fluid and solid transport as discussed by the authors, which is carried out by fans, blowers, compressors, vacuum pumps, and ejectors.
Abstract: Mechanical transport of food materials may be divided into fluid and solid transport. The mechanical transport of air, gases, and vapors is carried out by fans, blowers, compressors, vacuum pumps, and ejectors, which are discussed briefly in Appendix D (Utilities). For the transport of liquids, semifluids, and suspensions, pumps are used. The transport of fluid foods by pumping in process pipelines is a well-developed technology, based on the theory of fluid mechanics, and applied extensively in the chemical process industries (Perry and Green 1997). The mechanical transport equipment is often used in combination with other food processing equipment, such as heating and cooling of water, air or steam, and fluidization and transport of particles.
1 citations
01 Nov 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed review of the coal handling plant, conveyors and chutes was carried out and the solution was to connect the Reclaim conveyor to the Stacker conveyor through a Reblending conveyor system.
Abstract: []: Millmerran Power Company generates 850 MW (mega watt) and produces electricity to about 1.1 million houses in the south-east Queensland. The Power Station consists of two generating units. The Coal plant at Millmerran Power Station has been experiencing
difficulties with the transfer of wet coal in the plant. These problems have led to a reduction in the availability of coal plant and blockages in the silos. This blockage caused by wet coal has led to a considerable amount of unit trips.
The identification and reduction of problems with wet coal is vastly advantageous as it would result in a reduction in the number of unit trips. Therefore Millmerran Power Station which operates as a private investor would benefit significantly from this improvement.
A detailed review of the coal handling plant, conveyors and chutes was carried out. The solution was to connect the Reclaim conveyor to the Stacker conveyor system through a Reblending conveyor system. By using this method the coal can be stacked in the emergency area until it is dry enough for handling.
1 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: An analytical and experimental study is performed in this article for evaluation of discharge rate of grain flow from different discharge gate of a grain seeder, and three different apertures (circular, rectangular and square shape with the same area) have been considered in this study.
Abstract: An analytical and experimental study is performed in this paper for evaluation of discharge rate of grain flow from different discharge gate of a grain seeder. Three different apertures (circular, rectangular and square shape with the same area) have been considered in this study. Based on the experimental and theoretical results obtained in this study, it is shown that the discharge rate of the circular aperture is the maximum. In contrast, the squared aperture has a minimum discharge rate. It is also found that with increasing the grain height in the tank, the discharge rate does not change significantly. Regarding the non-uniform and oscillating discharge from a squared aperture, it is not recommended to use for discharging grain materials from a reservoir, grain drills or silos and storage tanks.
1 citations
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the boundary conditions for dilute and near-elastic rapid granular flows have been derived from the pertinent Boltzmann equation with extensions to moderate densities obtained by employing the Enskog-Boltzmann equations or (systematically, via) response theory.
Abstract: Unlike the basic units of molecular systems, the elementary constituents of granular matter (the grains) experience dissipative interactions. This fact is the root cause of many of the difficulties encountered in the study of granular materials and among its major consequences are the existence of unique states and instabilities (e.g. collapse and clustering) as well as the multistable/metastable nature of most granular states. Another central consequence is the inherent lack of scale separation. The latter is responsible e.g. for the prominent normal stress differences (anisotropic pressures), long-range correlations, scale-dependent stress (and other) fields and, in general, the rheological nature of these materials. Constitutive relations and boundary conditions for dilute and near-elastic rapid granular flows have been derived from the pertinent Boltzmann equation with extensions to moderate densities obtained by employing the Enskog-Boltzmann equation or (systematically, via) response theory. Unlike the rapid flows, the dense, static and quasistatic regimes have not been treated in a systematic fashion heretofore. Preliminary results on elasticity in the static regime are presented.
1 citations
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: Sadler as discussed by the authors describes a number of failures in coal silos used to store coal, including a coal silo that collapsed into a heap of concrete, steel, and coal.
Abstract: The engineering profession has become increasingly sophisticated in many areas, but failure of structures for the storage of granular materials, are reported with discouraging frequency. Sadler (1983)describes a number of failures in silos used to store coal. For example, one newly constructed 18.3 m diameter by 55 m high raw coal silo in Kentucky, being emptied for the first time, developed horizontal cracks in the silo wall which grew rapidly in size and number. Within minutes the entire silo collapsed into a heap of concrete, steel and coal. He describes a number of other failures of coal silos after only a few years use; all developed large cracks before finally collapsing. A 9.1 m. diameter by 26.5 m high stave silo in Texas was constructed for the storage of high density polyethylene pellets. On the side above the discharge opening, the wall bulged out by 450 mm and had to be extensively repaired. In Iowa, an 11 m diameter by 36.6 m high grain silo sheared off along a roughly 45 degree diagonal across the entire diameter just above the side discharge opening in the wall, even though the walls were made of 150 mm thick reinforced concrete. In July of 1982, a steel bin at Whiting Iowa, 32 m in diameter by l8.3m high, full of corn, collapsed just as a camera crew from a nearby television station flew by. Viewers across Canada and the United States watching the evening news saw it tear apart like a zipper opening a giant-can. Reports of cracks in Swedish grain silos prompted a survey in 1980 to determine the frequency and extent of damage in silos of this type. Thirty per cent of the 103 silos examined had developed vertical cracks, many of them of such width that rain water had been able to penetrate the walls and cause spoilage of the grain.
1 citations