Storage and Flow of Solids
01 Jan 1964-
About: The article was published on 1964-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 585 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Flow (mathematics).
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01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used laser light diffraction (LD) for the determination of particle size distribution of pharmaceutical materials, which can be quite material sparing, using 1-3 gm of a material for a complete evaluation.
Abstract: Publisher Summary
Particle characterization is an important component of data driven formulation development on a material-sparing scale. Particle size, size distribution, shape, and texture can all have an impact on pharmaceutical processing and performance, hence consideration must be given to the impact of these parameters on the robustness of processing. Light microscopy is the ultimate material-sparing characterization technique, and forms the basis of the material-sparing approach as it pertains to particle characterization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is another technique where only milligram quantities of material may be used to determine particle size, shape, and texture. Sieving is a simple method that is used for determining the particle size distribution of a powder. It is often the preferred method of choice for formulators, since it is a straightforward analysis that can be done during the formulation development process. This technique is most often used for formulations or excipients since larger quantities are needed. Laser light diffraction (LD) is becoming a preferred method for the determination of particle size distribution of pharmaceutical materials. This technique can be quite material sparing, using 1–3 gm of a material for a complete evaluation.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the main bulk properties affecting processing, such as failure properties, bulk density and compressibility, are discussed and different manners of measurement are reviewed along with theoretical considerations, operating principles, and applications.
Abstract: The food industry is one of the largest commercial enterprises in the world today representing important contributions of the gross national product of many countries. Numerous raw materials and products in this industry are in powdered or particulate form, and their optimum characterisation for processing purposes, rely heavily in a deep knowledge of particle technology. Characterisation of the main bulk properties affecting processing, such as failure properties, bulk density and compressibility, are discussed in this article. Testing of these properties is far from standardised so the different manners of measurement are reviewed along with theoretical considerations, operating principles, and applications. The food industry should make more efficient use of its many processes involving powders and particulates in order to provide high quality products. In this sense, future competitiveness may be critically dependent on knowledge originated by research activities in particle technology applied to food materials.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a range of biomasse powders are used for feeding a feeder with high cohesiveness, low bulk density and poor material flow characteristics, which cause interruptions and variations in feeding systems.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the attrition process is resolved into a material function and a process function; the combination of these functions dictates the attrition mechanism present, and the magnitude of failure observed; the forces applied to the particles are examined within the context of lean phase pneumatic conveying.
38 citations
TL;DR: The results of a collaborative project in which four different laboratories have carried out complementary characterization tests on samples of the same set of lignocellulosic biomass materials with the objectives of better understanding their properties and identifying any critical features as discussed by the authors.
38 citations