Book•
Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film
31 May 1980-
About: The article was published on 1980-05-31 and is currently open access. It has received 1885 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Narrative structure & Narrative criticism.
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04 May 2004
TL;DR: This article explored response to narrative fiction in three interwoven contexts: an individual case study based on response to a range of fictional texts; group response to voluntary reading and response in the context of the development of a critical literacy project, based on the class novel, against the background of culture and ideology in Northern Ireland.
Abstract: The focus of my research is on the complex interaction between reader, ideology and text, in the context of response to narrative fiction by girls aged eleven to fourteen, in relation to both voluntary and curriculum based reading. I have explored response to narrative in three interwoven contexts: an individual case study based on response to a range of fictional texts; group response to voluntary reading and response in the context of the development of a critical literacy project, based on the class novel, against the background of culture and ideology in Northern Ireland.
The questions which I address in my research relate to the nature of the process which creates literary meaning, the relationship between narrative, representation and subjectivity, the ways in which the reader's repertoire influences response and the complex interplay between the values of the reader and the ideology of the text. Central to my thesis is the dynamic role of the reader in realizing the potential of the text and, drawing on the insights of Harding (1967, 1977), I have conceptualized that role as encompassing both spectator and participant modes. All readers, I argue, bring to the text their own repertoires of personal experience, cultural knowledge, values and beliefs and these will have a considerable influence on the reader's response to the text. I examine the relationship between narrative, ideology and subjectivity arguing that narrative, because of its multi-vocal nature, opens up opportunities for resistant as well as consensual readings. I consider how the transaction between reader and text fits into the wider context of the relationship between literary and extra-literary discourse, drawing on a confluence of reader response, cultural theory and narratology. I explore the relationship between the construction of childhood and its representation in narrative fiction written for children, arguing that understandings of childhood are ideological, that changing ideas about childhood are reflected in children's literature and that there is a dialogical relationship between actual childhood and its imaginary construction in narrative fiction. The relationship between reader and text is, I argue, dialogical and ideological.
I suggest that narrative is an evaluative context for subjectivity, presenting us with a repertoire of possible selves, which, in the process of negotiating our identities, we match to our own construction of selfhood.
15 citations
Cites background from "Story and Discourse: Narrative Stru..."
...In Under Goliath, while the story is told from the point of view of the narrator's younger self, the ideology is that of the adult (Chatman, 1978)....
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Dissertation•
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method to solve the problem of "uniformity" and "uncertainty" in the context of health care, and propose a solution.
Abstract: i
15 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: A novel, end-to-end, generic system called lantern is presented that generates a natural language description of a qep to facilitate understanding of the query execution steps and shows the effectiveness of lantern in facilitating comprehension of qep s.
Abstract: The database systems course is offered as part of an undergraduate computer science degree program in many major universities. A key learning goal of learners taking such a course is to understand how SQL queries are processed in a RDBMS in practice. Since a query execution plan (QEP) describes the execution steps of a query, learners can acquire the understanding by perusing the QEPs generated by a RDBMS. Unfortunately, in practice, it is often daunting for a learner to comprehend these QEPs containing vendor-specific implementation details, hindering her learning process. In this paper, we present a novel, end-to-end, generic system called lantern that generates a natural language description of a qep to facilitate understanding of the query execution steps. It takes as input an SQL query and its QEP, and generates a natural language description of the execution strategy deployed by the underlying RDBMS. Specifically, it deploys a declarative framework called pool that enables subject matter experts to efficiently create and maintain natural language descriptions of physical operators used in QEPs. A rule-based framework called RULE-LANTERN is proposed that exploits pool to generate natural language descriptions of QEPs. Despite the high accuracy of RULE-LANTERN, our engagement with learners reveal that, consistent with existing psychology theories, perusing such rule-based descriptions lead to boredom due to repetitive statements across different QEPs. To address this issue, we present a novel deep learning-based language generation framework called NEURAL-LANTERN that infuses language variability in the generated description by exploiting a set of paraphrasing tools and word embedding. Our experimental study with real learners shows the effectiveness of lantern in facilitating comprehension of QEPs.
15 citations
Cites background from "Story and Discourse: Narrative Stru..."
...1The factual, intentional, structural, and the presentation layers map to form of content, substance of content, form of expression, and substance of expression of [21], respectively....
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...Chatman [21] defines narrative as a story (content of the narrative) and discourse (expression of it)....
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TL;DR: The authors argue for a rhetorical view of narrative communication as an author's deployment of particular resources in order to generate certain responses in readers, and then examine the nature and possible functions of voice as a resource.
Abstract: The essay argues for a rhetorical view of narrative communication as an author’s deployment of particular resources in order to generate certain responses in readers, and then examines the nature and possible functions of voice as a resource. It defines voice as the synthesis of style (diction and syntax), tone (a speaker’s attitude toward an utterance) and values (ideological and ethical), and then turns to analyzing the role of voice—and more particularly, the role of tone—in narrative communication. With George V Higgins’s The Friends of Eddie Coyle as Exhibit A, the essay examines the functions of voice and tone in fictional dialogue, and with Joan Didion’s The Year of Magical Thinking as Exhibit B, it examines their role in nonfictional narration. The essay concludes with a call for further analyses of voice and tone, even as it cautions that their roles may be more or less important as we move from one narrative to another.
15 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: This volume selected 10 articles that deal substantially with four layers of discourse, which are relevant to moving forward the HMC project.
Abstract: For this volume, we selected 10 articles we found groundbreaking for their innovative contribution to the field of human-machine communication (HMC). This field becomes increasingly interdisciplinary since it attracts contributions from disciplines such as sociology and anthropology, as well as communication and media; we would like to see even more philosophy and politics. Interdisciplinarity is important to building an integrated lens through which to look at this new field and to solidifying social sciences as an attractive intellectual home for studying HMC. The range of topics addressed in these 10 articles is wide, branching in many exciting directions. However, when considered holistically as a collection, the articles in this volume deal substantially with four layers of discourse, which are relevant to moving forward the HMC project. They are as follows: (1) updates to theoretical frameworks and paradigms (MASA; Lombard & Kun), (2) examination of ontologizing and prototyping processes (Etzrodt & Engesser; Banks et al.), (3) a critical turn regarding gender (Liu) and ability/disability (Davis; Denhert & Leach), and (4) exploration of HMC in organizational contexts (Gibbs et al.; Johanssen & Wang; Piercy & Gist-Mackey; Prahl & Van Swol).
15 citations
Cites background from "Story and Discourse: Narrative Stru..."
...A third and maybe most important consideration coming from semiotics is that our old brains have experienced narration (Chatman, 1980) and play since humans began to communicate through language....
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