Book ChapterDOI
Streams in the Urban Landscape
Michael J. Paul,Judy L. Meyer +1 more
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TLDR
The most consistent and pervasive effect is an increase in impervious surface cover within urban catchments, which alters the hydrology and geomorphology of streams as discussed by the authors, which results in predictable changes in stream habitat.Abstract:
The world’s population is concentrated in urban areas. This change in demography has brought landscape transformations that have a number of documented effects on stream ecosystems. The most consistent and pervasive effect is an increase in impervious surface cover within urban catchments, which alters the hydrology and geomorphology of streams. This results in predictable changes in stream habitat. In addition to imperviousness, runoff from urbanized surfaces as well as municipal and industrial discharges result in increased loading of nutrients, metals, pesticides, and other contaminants to streams. These changes result in consistent declines in the richness of algal, invertebrate, and fish communities in urban streams. Although understudied in urban streams, ecosystem processes are also affected by urbanization. Urban streams represent opportunities for ecologists interested in studying disturbance and contributing to more effective landscape management.read more
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Global Change and the Ecology of Cities
Nancy B. Grimm,Stanley H. Faeth,Nancy Golubiewski,Charles L. Redman,Jianguo Wu,Xuemei Bai,John M. Briggs +6 more
TL;DR: Urban ecology integrates natural and social sciences to study these radically altered local environments and their regional and global effects of an increasingly urbanized world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Landscapes and Riverscapes: The Influence of Land Use on Stream Ecosystems
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined responses to land use under different management strategies and that employs response variables that have greater diagnostic value than many of the aggregated measures in current use.
Journal ArticleDOI
The urban stream syndrome: current knowledge and the search for a cure
Christopher J. Walsh,Allison H. Roy,Jack W. Feminella,Peter Cottingham,Peter M. Groffman,Raymond P. Morgan +5 more
TL;DR: The term "urban stream syndrome" describes the consistently observed ecological degra- dation of streams draining urban land as mentioned in this paper, which can be attributed to a few major large-scale sources, primarily urban stormwater runoff delivered to streams by hydraulically efficient drainage systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urban ecological systems: linking terrestrial ecological, physical, and socioeconomic components of metropolitan areas
Steward T. A. Pickett,Mary L. Cadenasso,J. M. Grove,Charles H. Nilon,Richard V. Pouyat,Wayne C. Zipperer,Robert Costanza +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an open definition of urban systems that accounts for the exchanges of material and influence between cities and surrounding landscapes is presented, which sets the stage for comprehensive understanding of urban ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing the global threat of invasive species to marine biodiversity
TL;DR: Drawing from over 350 databases and other sources, information is synthesized on 329 marine invasive species, including their distribution, impacts on biodiversity, and introduction pathways, to provide a framework to highlight the invasive taxa that are most threatening and prioritize the invasion pathways that pose the greatest threat.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Occurrence, fate and effects of pharmaceutical substances in the environment- A review
Bent Halling-Sørensen,S. Nors Nielsen,P.F. Lanzky,Flemming Ingerslev,Hans-Christian Holten Lützhøft,S.E. Jørgensen +5 more
TL;DR: Present knowledge does not reveal if regular therapeutic use may be the source of a substance carried by sewage effluent into the aquatic system, even though clofibrate, a lipid lowering agent, has been identified in ground and tap water samples from Berlin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Roads and their major ecological effects
TL;DR: Road density and network structure are informative landscape ecology assays and Australia has huge road-reserve networks of native vegetation, whereas the Dutch have tunnels and overpasses perforating road barriers to enhance ecological flows.
Book
Stream Ecology: Structure and Function of Running Waters
TL;DR: An overview of the diversity of rivers and streams, including some of the causes of this diversity, and some of their consequences, can be found in this article, where the authors provide a roadmap for individual chapters that follow, rather than define terms and explain principles in any detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem services in urban areas
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the ecosystem services generated by ecosystems within the urban area and concluded that the locally generated ecosystem services have a substantial impact on the quality of life in urban areas and should be addressed in land-use planning.
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Water in environmental planning
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the current literature associated with water resources can be found in this paper, but perhaps more importantly can also be used as an introductory working document in dealing with particular environmental problems.