Stress analysis of railroad wheels using a conical shell element
TL;DR: In this article, a two-noded thin conical shell finite element is used to predict the stresses in railroad wheels when subjected to lateral and vertical loads, and a reasonable agreement is found between the two cases.
Abstract: A two-noded thin conical shell finite element is made use of to predict the stresses in railroad wheels when subjected to lateral and vertical loads. These stresses are compared with the results presented in the literature which have been obtained by using a triangular ring element. A reasonable agreement is found between the two cases. The advantages of the conical shell element over the triangular ring element in terms of computer time and memory are then discussed. A typical case is taken and it is shown that the conical shell element is about 30 times more efficient than the triangular ring element and requires 10 times less memory in the analysis of railroad wheels.
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TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of the literature on curved shell finite elements can be found in this article, where the first two present authors and Liaw presented a survey of such literature in 1990 in this journal.
Abstract: Since the mid-1960s when the forms of curved shell finite elements were originated, including those pioneered by Professor Gallagher, the published literature on the subject has grown extensively. The first two present authors and Liaw presented a survey of such literature in 1990 in this journal. Professor Gallagher maintained an active interest in this subject during his entire academic career, publishing milestone research works and providing periodic reviews of the literature. In this paper, we endeavor to summarize the important literature on shell finite elements over the past 15 years. It is hoped that this will be a befitting tribute to the pioneering achievements and sustained legacy of our beloved Professor Gallagher in the area of shell finite elements. This survey includes: the degenerated shell approach; stress-resultant-based formulations and Cosserat surface approach; reduced integration with stabilization; incompatible modes approach; enhanced strain formulations; 3-D elasticity elements; drilling d.o.f. elements; co-rotational approach; and higher-order theories for composites. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
268 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a semi-analytical approach for the vibration of conical and cylindrical shells has been proposed based on mass matrices, and good agreement has been found between theory and experiment for thin-walled circular cylinders and cones, a conecylinder combination, and a cooling tower model.
Abstract: Elemental mass matrices have been produced for the vibration of conical and cylindrical shells, based on a semi-analytical approach. Frequencies and modes of vibration have been compared with existing solutions and also with experimental results obtained from other sources. Good agreement has been found between theory and experiment for thin-walled circular cylinders and cones, a cone-cylinder combination, and a cooling tower model.
A theoretical investigation was also made on the vibration of a circular cylinder when subjected to uniform pressure.
49 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, numerical solutions have been produced for the asymmetric instability of thin-walled circular cylindrical and truncated conical shells under external pressure, which can be applied to vessels of varying thickness or those subjected to unsymmetrical loading or with complex boundary conditions.
Abstract: Numerical solutions have been produced for the asymmetric instability of thin-walled circular cylindrical and truncated conical shells under external pressure. The solutions for the circular cylinder have shown that the assumed buckling configurations of Nash and Kaminsky were quite reasonable for fixed ends. Comparison was also made of the finite-element solution of conical shells with other analyses. From these calculations, it was shown that the numerical solutions were superior to the analytical ones, as the former could be readily applied to vessels of varying thickness or those subjected to unsymmetrical loading or with complex boundary conditions.
34 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a finite element computer program was used to analyze the thermal stresses in railroad freight car wheels subjected to severe drag brake heating, and the resulting changes in the residual stress field after the wheel has cooled to ambient temperature have also been calculated.
Abstract: A finite-element computer program, which takes into consideration nonlinear material behaviour after the yield point has been exceeded, has used to analyze the thermal stresses in railroad freight car wheels subjected to severe drag brake heating. The analysis has been used with typical wheel material properties and wheel configurations to determine the thermal stress field and the extent of regions in the wheel where the yield point is exceeded. The resulting changes in the residual stress field after the wheel has cooled to ambient temperature have also been calculated. It is shown that severe drag braking can lead to the development of residual circumferential tensile stresses in the rim and radial compressive stresses in the plate near both the hub and rim fillets.
20 citations
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