Journal ArticleDOI
Structural basis for flg22-induced activation of the Arabidopsis FLS2-BAK1 immune complex.
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TLDR
The data reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying FLS2-BAK1 complex recognition of flg22 and provide insight into the immune receptor complex activation and the molecular basis for how a plant heterodimeric receptor responds to bacterial infection signals is elucidated.Abstract:
Flagellin perception in Arabidopsis is through recognition of its highly conserved N-terminal epitope (flg22) by flagellin-sensitive 2 (FLS2). Flg22 binding induces FLS2 heteromerization with BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-associated kinase 1 (BAK1) and their reciprocal activation followed by plant immunity. Here, we report the crystal structure of FLS2 and BAK1 ectodomains complexed with flg22 at 3.06 angstroms. A conserved and a nonconserved site from the inner surface of the FLS2 solenoid recognize the C- and N-terminal segment of flg22, respectively, without oligomerization or conformational changes in the FLS2 ectodomain. Besides directly interacting with FLS2, BAK1 acts as a co-receptor by recognizing the C terminus of the FLS2-bound flg22. Our data reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying FLS2-BAK1 complex recognition of flg22 and provide insight into the immune receptor complex activation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Growth-defense tradeoffs in plants: a balancing act to optimize fitness.
TL;DR: Evidence supporting the growth-defense tradeoff concept is addressed, as well as known interactions between defense signaling and growth signaling, which should provide a foundation for the development of breeding strategies to maximize crop yield to meet rising global food and biofuel demands.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of pattern recognition receptor signalling in plants.
Daniel Couto,Cyril Zipfel +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms that fine-tune immune signalling to maintain immune homeostasis are described and how the innate ability of plant cells to monitor the integrity of key immune components can lead to autoimmune phenotypes following genetic or pathogen-induced perturbations of these components are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant pattern-recognition receptors.
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge of plant PRRs and their ligands, illustrating the multiple molecular strategies employed by plantPRRs to activate innate immune signaling to survive.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant PRRs and the Activation of Innate Immune Signaling
Alberto P. Macho,Cyril Zipfel +1 more
TL;DR: In this review, recent discoveries that shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying ligand perception and subsequent activation of plant PRRs are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct regulation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by the PRR-associated kinase BIK1 during plant immunity.
Yasuhiro Kadota,Jan Sklenar,Paul Derbyshire,Lena Stransfeld,Shuta Asai,Vardis Ntoukakis,Jonathan D. G. Jones,Ken Shirasu,Frank L.H. Menke,Alexandra M. E. Jones,Cyril Zipfel +10 more
TL;DR: This study reveals a rapid regulatory mechanism of a plant RBOH, which occurs in parallel with and is essential for its paradigmatic calcium-based regulation.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Processing of X-ray diffraction data collected in oscillation mode
Zbyszek Otwinowski,Wladek Minor +1 more
TL;DR: The methods presented in the chapter have been applied to solve a large variety of problems, from inorganic molecules with 5 A unit cell to rotavirus of 700 A diameters crystallized in 700 × 1000 × 1400 A cell.
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Paul Emsley,Kevin Cowtan +1 more
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Airlie J. McCoy,Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve,Paul D. Adams,Martyn Winn,Laurent C. Storoni,Randy J. Read +5 more
TL;DR: A description is given of Phaser-2.1: software for phasing macromolecular crystal structures by molecular replacement and single-wavelength anomalous dispersion phasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
PHENIX: building new software for automated crystallographic structure determination
Paul D. Adams,Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve,Li-Wei Hung,Thomas R. Ioerger,Airlie J. McCoy,Nigel W. Moriarty,Randy J. Read,James C. Sacchettini,Nicholas K. Sauter,Thomas C. Terwilliger +9 more
TL;DR: A novel software package called PHENIX (Python-based Hierarchical ENvironment for Integrated Xtallography) is developed, which will provide the necessary algorithms to proceed from reduced intensity data to a refined molecular model and to facilitate structure solution for both the novice and expert crystallographer.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Renaissance of Elicitors: Perception of Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns and Danger Signals by Pattern-Recognition Receptors
Thomas Boller,Georg Felix +1 more
TL;DR: Current evidence indicates that MAMPs, DAMPs, and effectors are all perceived as danger signals and induce a stereotypic defense response, and the importance of MAMP/PRR signaling for plant immunity is highlighted.
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