Structural design of doublet lenses with prespecified aberration targets
01 Nov 1997-Optical Engineering (International Society for Optics and Photonics)-Vol. 36, Iss: 11, pp 3111-3118
TL;DR: The authors present a systematic approach for the structural design of doublet lenses in accordance with a prespecified set of Gauss- ian parameters and primary aberration targets that obviates the need for heuristic selection of glasses for the constituent lens ele- ments.
Abstract: The authors present a systematic approach for the structural design of doublet lenses in accordance with a prespecified set of Gauss- ian parameters and primary aberration targets. This approach obviates the need for heuristic selection of glasses for the constituent lens ele- ments. An identical approach is implemented for the structural design of both cemented and broken contact doublets. The optimization procedure is the well-known least-squares method. For facilitating convergence a second-derivative damping technique is utilized. Constraints are taken care of by suitably defined continuously differentiable penalty functions that are treated as pseudoaberrations in optimization. A strategy for dy- namic weightage of the components of the defect function is devised for overcoming stagnation at the local optimum in the immediate neighbor- hood of the starting point. The strategy is also effective in constraining the glasses of the constituent elements of the doublet within the permis- sible glass domain. Some illustrative examples are given. © 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (S0091-3286(97)02111-9)
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TL;DR: A genetic algorithm is used in the structural design of cemented doublets in accordance with a prespecified set of Gaussian characteristics and primary aberration targets to explore the solution space in search of the global as well as useful local optima.
Abstract: The authors use a genetic algorithm in the structural design of cemented doublets in accordance with a prespecified set of Gaussian characteristics and primary aberration targets. Actual glasses are taken as variables. Suitable modifications in the algorithm are sought with which to explore the solution space in search of the global as well as useful local optima. Some illustrative examples of structural design are given.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an implementation of a genetic algorithm in the structural design of broken contact doublets according to a prespecified set of Gaussian characteristics and primary aberration targets is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents an implementation of a genetic algorithm in the structural design of broken contact doublets according to a prespecified set of Gaussian characteristics and primary aberration targets. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the algorithm in finding out global as well as useful local optima and its dependence on some parameters characterizing the genetic operators. Actual glasses are taken as variables. Some illustrative examples are given.
21 citations
TL;DR: The role of genetic diversity in the evolving population on convergence of the optimization runs has been investi- gated, and, accordingly suitable modifications are incorporated in the basic genetic algorithm to eliminate undue stagnation and premature convergence problems.
Abstract: We present an implementation of a genetic algorithm in the structural design of cemented triplets according to a prespecified set of Gaussian characteristics and primary aberration targets. The approach is directed toward obtaining a suite of promising solutions allowing some floating of the primary aberration targets. This method obviates the need for any heuristic preselection of glasses for the three elements of the triplet. Searches for optimal solutions are conducted in the total configu- ration space of the degrees of freedom, consisting of continuous vari- ables like shape factor and power distributions, and discrete variables like available glass types. The role of genetic diversity in the evolving population on convergence of the optimization runs has been investi- gated, and, accordingly suitable modifications are incorporated in the basic genetic algorithm to eliminate undue stagnation and premature convergence problems. Some illustrative examples are given. © 2004
18 citations
TL;DR: A systematic approach for the aberration design of a four-component double-sided telecentric zoom lens system is presented and mean pupil spherical aberration of every component in every zoom position is adopted in the objective function to control high-order aberrations.
Abstract: A systematic approach for the aberration design of a four-component double-sided telecentric zoom lens system is presented. The Gaussian structure of the zoom system is specified previously which means the powers and movements of components are known. Each component is treated as a lens module during the design stage with specified first-order properties and third-order aberration targets. The third-order aberration targets of the first component are determined by minimizing the whole aberrations of the zoom lens system using a genetic algorithm (GA). And the aberration targets of components behind are determined by reoptimization with already fixed structures of previous components. Mean pupil spherical aberration of every component in every zoom position is adopted in the objective function to control high-order aberrations. The thin lens structure of each component can be determined from their first-order properties and aberration targets. After lens thickening and reoptimization, the zoom lens system can finally be determined.
12 citations
TL;DR: A prophylactic strategy to obtain global or quasiglobal optimum solutions for this nondeterrninistic polynomial (NP) time hard problem is reported.
Abstract: Prefaced with a brief description of the state of the art in computer aided lens design optimization, this paper reports a prophylactic strategy to obtain global or quasiglobal optimum solutions for this nondeterrninistic polynomial (NP) time hard problem. For the synthesis of multicomponent lens systems, a top down approach is employed first to obtain paraxial and central aberration targets for the constituent thin components. Central aberrations of a component are the aberrations when stop is on the component. Suitable structural designs for the individual components are determined by evolutionary programming. Overall systems synthesized with these quasiglobally optimum components are reoptimied by local optimization algorithms. Illustrative numerical results on the second step of the design procedure are presented.
10 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive guide to lens design in traditional and emerging areas of application; it is also suited to advanced undergraduate or graduate course in lens design principles and as a self-learning tutorial and reference for the practitioner.
Abstract: * Thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the substantial changes in the field since its publication in 1978* Strong emphasis on how to effectively use software design packages, indispensable to today's lens designer* Many new lens design problems and examples - ranging from simple lenses to complex zoom lenses and mirror systems - give insight for both the newcomer and specialist in the field Rudolf Kingslake is regarded as the American father of lens design; his book, not revised since its publication in 1978, is viewed as a classic in the field. Naturally, the area has developed considerably since the book was published, the most obvious changes being the availability of powerful lens design software packages, theoretical advances, and new surface fabrication technologies. This book provides the skills and knowledge to move into the exciting world of contemporary lens design and develop practical lenses needed for the great variety of 21st-century applications. Continuing to focus on fundamental methods and procedures of lens design, this revision by R. Barry Johnson of a classic modernizes symbology and nomenclature, improves conceptual clarity, broadens the study of aberrations, enhances discussion of multi-mirror systems, adds tilted and decentered systems with eccentric pupils, explores use of aberrations in the optimization process, enlarges field flattener concepts, expands discussion of image analysis, includes many new exemplary examples to illustrate concepts, and much more. Optical engineers working in lens design will find this book an invaluable guide to lens design in traditional and emerging areas of application; it is also suited to advanced undergraduate or graduate course in lens design principles and as a self-learning tutorial and reference for the practitioner. Rudolf Kingslake (1903-2003) was a founding faculty member of the Institute of Optics at The University of Rochester (1929) and remained teaching until 1983. Concurrently, in 1937 he became head of the lens design department at Eastman Kodak until his retirement in 1969. Dr. Kingslake published numerous papers, books, and was awarded many patents. He was a Fellow of SPIE and OSA, and an OSA President (1947-48). He was awarded the Progress Medal from SMPTE (1978), the Frederic Ives Medal (1973), and the Gold Medal of SPIE (1980). R. Barry Johnson has been involved for over 40 years in lens design, optical systems design, and electro-optical systems engineering. He has been a faculty member at three academic institutions engaged in optics education and research, co-founder of the Center for Applied Optics at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, employed by a number of companies, and provided consulting services. Dr. Johnson is an SPIE Fellow and Life Member, OSA Fellow, and an SPIE President (1987). He published numerous papers and has been awarded many patents. Dr. Johnson was founder and Chairman of the SPIE Lens Design Working Group (1988-2002), is an active Program Committee member of the International Optical Design Conference, and perennial co-chair of the annual SPIE Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering Conference. * Thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the substantial changes in the field since its publication in 1978* Strong emphasis on how to effectively use software design packages, indispensable to today's lens designer* Many new lens design problems and examples - ranging from simple lenses to complex zoom lenses and mirror systems - give insight for both the newcomer and specialist in the field
442 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a self-contained account is given of systematic methods for the preliminary design of corrected two-component objectives, employing design parameters which remain valid in all cases, given the necessary values of spherical aberration and central coma for each component in useful forms.
Abstract: A self-contained account is given of systematic methods for the preliminary design of corrected two-component objectives, employing design parameters which remain valid in all cases. Explicit formulae given the necessary values of spherical aberration and central coma for each component in useful forms. A simple algorithm is described with which glass types and lens shapes may be determined to give the desired primary aberrations; and a second algorithm is used which permits zero-thickness elements to be replaced by ones of finite thickness, and other design changes to be made to a given component, without disturbing the detailed Gaussian optics of the complete system and also leaving exactly unchanged the primary aberrations of the remaining components. The methods are suitable for use with electronic desk computers having limited storage and programming capabilities. The two algorithms described are applicable to the whole range of optical design problems, and are of particular advantage in the prelimin...
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a methode for calculing triplets colles de lentilles minces was decrit, which peut etre utilisee for toute aberration primaire and elle est basee sur le concept des aberrations et courbures normalisees and sur un systeme d'elements isometriques precalcules.
Abstract: On decrit une methode pour calculer des triplets colles de lentilles minces. Elle peut etre utilisee pour toute aberration primaire et elle est basee sur le concept des aberrations et courbures normalisees et sur un systeme d'elements isometriques precalcules
31 citations