Journal ArticleDOI
Structure and function of telomeres
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TLDR
The DNA of telomeres—the terminal DNA-protein complexes of chromosomes—differs notably from other DNA sequences in both structure and function, and has been shown to be essential for telomere maintenance and long-term viability.Abstract:
The DNA of telomeres--the terminal DNA-protein complexes of chromosomes--differs notably from other DNA sequences in both structure and function. Recent work has highlighted its remarkable mode of synthesis by the ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase, telomerase, as well as its ability to form unusual structures in vitro. Moreover, telomere synthesis by telomerase has been shown to be essential for telomere maintenance and long-term viability.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer
Nam Woo Kim,Mieczyslaw A. Piatyszek,Karen R. Prowse,Calvin B. Harley,Michael D. West,Peter L. C. Ho,Gina M. Coviello,Woodring E. Wright,Scott L. Weinrich,Jerry W. Shay +9 more
TL;DR: A highly sensitive assay for measuring telomerase activity was developed in this paper, which showed that telomerases appear to be stringently repressed in normal human somatic tissues but reactivated in cancer, where immortal cells are likely required to maintain tumor growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aging, Cellular Senescence, and Cancer
TL;DR: The idea that, despite seemingly opposite characteristics, the degenerative and hyperplastic pathologies of aging are at least partly linked by a common biological phenomenon: a cellular stress response known as cellular senescence is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Telomere Shortening and Tumor Formation by Mouse Cells Lacking Telomerase RNA
Maria A. Blasco,Maria A. Blasco,Han Woong Lee,M. Prakash Hande,Enrique Samper,Peter M. Lansdorp,Ronald A. DePinho,Carol W. Greider,Carol W. Greider +8 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that telomerase is essential for telomere length maintenance but is not required for establishment of cell lines, oncogenic transformation, or tumor formation in mice.
Telomere shortening associated withchromosome instability isarrested inimmortal cells whichexpress telomerase activity
Christopher M. Counter,Ariel A. Avilion,Catherine E. LeFeuvrel,Carol W. Greider,Calvin B. Harley,A. Steitz +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that chromosomes with short (TTAGGG)n tracts are recombinogenic, critically shortened telomeres may be incompatible with cell proliferation and stabilization of telomere length by telomerase may be required for immortalization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity.
Christopher M. Counter,A.A. Avilion,C.E. LeFeuvre,N.G. Stewart,Carol W. Greider,Calvin B. Harley,Silvia Bacchetti +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured telomere length, telomerase activity and chromosome rearrangements in human cells before and after transformation with SV40 or Ad5 and found that telomeres shortened by approximately 65 bp/generation during the lifespan of the cultures.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts.
TL;DR: The amount and length of telomeric DNA in human fibroblasts does in fact decrease as a function of serial passage during ageing in vitro and possibly in vivo.
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Identification of a specific telomere terminal transferase activity in tetrahymena extracts
TL;DR: It is proposed that the novel telomere terminal transferase is involved in the addition of telomeric repeats necessary for the replication of chromosome ends in eukaryotes.
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A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG)n, present at the telomeres of human chromosomes.
Robert K. Moyzis,Judy M. Buckingham,L. S. Cram,M. Dani,Larry L. Deaven,M. D. Jones,J. Meyne,Robert L. Ratliff,Jung-Rung Wu +8 more
TL;DR: A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG)n, has been isolated from a human recombinant repetitive DNA library and its similarity to functional telomeres isolated from lower eukaryotes suggest that this sequence is a functional human telomere.
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Structure and function of telomeres
TL;DR: The history and present situation of Spanish language, culture, literature, cuisine, tourism, and more are explored in more detail in this booklet.
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A theory of marginotomy: The incomplete copying of template margin in enzymic synthesis of polynucleotides and biological significance of the phenomenon
TL;DR: Marginotomy is responsible for the loss with age of various cell clones of the body, including some endocrine cell clones, and may be the primary cause of various disorders of age of the ageing of multicellular organisms.