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Journal ArticleDOI

Structure and process relationship of electrospun bioabsorbable nanofiber membranes

01 Jul 2002-Polymer (Elsevier)-Vol. 43, Iss: 16, pp 4403-4412
TL;DR: In this paper, an electrospinning method was used to fabricate bioabsorbable amorphous poly( d, l -lactic acid) (PDLA) and semi-crystalline poly( l-lactic acids) (PLLA) nanofiber non-woven membranes for biomedical applications.
About: This article is published in Polymer.The article was published on 2002-07-01. It has received 1779 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Nanofiber & Membrane.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review is presented on the researches and developments related to electrospun polymer nanofibers including processing, structure and property characterization, applications, and modeling and simulations.

6,987 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review presents an overview of the electrospinning technique with its promising advantages and potential applications, and focuses on varied applications of electrospun fibers in different fields.

3,932 citations


Cites background from "Structure and process relationship ..."

  • ...…observed that the jet radius varied inversely with the cube root of the electrical conductivity of the solution (Baumgarten, 1971; Fong et al., 1999; Huang et al., 2001a; Zong et al., 2002a; Jiang et al., 2004a;Mit-Uppatham et al., 2004; Zuo et al., 2005; Kim et al., 2005b; Haghi and Akbari, 2007)....

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  • ...Zong et al. (2002a) have demonstrated the effect of ions by adding ionic salt on the morphology and diameter of electrospun fibers and found that with the addition of ionic salts like KH2PO4, NaH2PO4, and NaCl it produced beadless fibers with relatively smaller diameters ranging from 200 to 1000 nm....

    [...]

  • ...Few studies have systematically investigated the relationship between solution feed or flow rate on fiber morphology and size (Megelski et al., 2002; Zong et al., 2002a)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Electrospinning is a highly versatile method to process solutions or melts, mainly of polymers, into continuous fibers with diameters ranging from a few micrometers to a few nanometers, applicable to virtually every soluble or fusible polymer.
Abstract: Electrospinning is a highly versatile method to process solutions or melts, mainly of polymers, into continuous fibers with diameters ranging from a few micrometers to a few nanometers. This technique is applicable to virtually every soluble or fusible polymer. The polymers can be chemically modified and can also be tailored with additives ranging from simple carbon-black particles to complex species such as enzymes, viruses, and bacteria. Electrospinning appears to be straightforward, but is a rather intricate process that depends on a multitude of molecular, process, and technical parameters. The method provides access to entirely new materials, which may have complex chemical structures. Electrospinning is not only a focus of intense academic investigation; the technique is already being applied in many technological areas.

3,833 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, structural, thermal, crystallization, and rheological properties of PLA are reviewed in relation to its converting processes, including extrusion, injection molding, injection stretch blow molding and casting.

2,293 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Electrospinning is examined by providing a brief description of the theory behind the process, examining the effect of changing the process parameters on fiber morphology, and discussing the potential applications and impacts of electrospinning on the field of tissue engineering.
Abstract: Interest in electrospinning has recently escalated due to the ability to produce materials with nanoscale properties. Electrospun fibers have been investigated as promising tissue engineering scaffolds since they mimic the nanoscale properties of native extracellular matrix. In this review, we examine electrospinning by providing a brief description of the theory behind the process, examining the effect of changing the process parameters on fiber morphology, and discussing the potential applications and impacts of electrospinning on the field of tissue engineering.

2,175 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the electrospinning process, the processing conditions, fiber morphology, and some possible uses of electrospun fibers, and describe the diameter of these fibers in the range of 0.05 to 5 microns.

2,998 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a conical interface between two fluids can exist in equilibrium in an electric field, but only when the cone has a semi-vertical angle 49.3$^\circ$.
Abstract: The disintegration of drops in strong electric fields is believed to play an important part in the formation of thunderstorms, at least in those parts of them where no ice crystals are present. Zeleny showed experimentally that disintegration begins as a hydrodynamical instability, but his ideas about the mechanics of the situation rest on the implicit assumption that instability occurs when the internal pressure is the same as that outside the drop. It is shown that this assumption is false and that instability of an elongated drop would not occur unless a pressure difference existed. When this error is corrected it is found that a drop, elongated by an electric field, becomes unstable when its length is 1.9 times its equatorial diameter, and the calculated critical electric field agrees with laboratory experiments to within 1%. When the drop becomes unstable the ends develop obtuse-angled conical points from which axial jets are projected but the stability calculations give no indication of the mechanics of this process. It is shown theoretically that a conical interface between two fluids can exist in equilibrium in an electric field, but only when the cone has a semi-vertical angle 49.3$^\circ$. Apparatus was constructed for producing the necessary field, and photographs show that conical oil/water interfaces and soap films can be produced at the caloulated voltage and that their semi-vertical angles are very close to 49.3$^\circ$. The photographs give an indication of how the axial jets are produced but no complete analytical description of the process is attempted.

2,994 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed and explained the reasons for the instability of a viscous jet of polymer solution at a pendent droplet, showing that the longitudinal stress caused by the external electric field acting on the charge carried by the jet stabilized the straight jet for some distance.
Abstract: Nanofibers of polymers were electrospun by creating an electrically charged jet of polymer solution at a pendent droplet. After the jet flowed away from the droplet in a nearly straight line, it bent into a complex path and other changes in shape occurred, during which electrical forces stretched and thinned it by very large ratios. After the solvent evaporated, birefringent nanofibers were left. In this article the reasons for the instability are analyzed and explained using a mathematical model. The rheological complexity of the polymer solution is included, which allows consideration of viscoelastic jets. It is shown that the longitudinal stress caused by the external electric field acting on the charge carried by the jet stabilized the straight jet for some distance. Then a lateral perturbation grew in response to the repulsive forces between adjacent elements of charge carried by the jet. The motion of segments of the jet grew rapidly into an electrically driven bending instability. The three-dimensional paths of continuous jets were calculated, both in the nearly straight region where the instability grew slowly and in the region where the bending dominated the path of the jet. The mathematical model provides a reasonable representation of the experimental data, particularly of the jet paths determined from high speed videographic observations.

2,324 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Van Dyke as mentioned in this paper measured the potentials at which viscous jets or drops first appear in a parallel electric field and compared with calculations of A. B. Basset and found that their stability is due to mechanical rather than electrical causes, like a stretched string, which is straight when pulled but bent when pushed.
Abstract: Fine jets of slightly conducting viscous fluids and thicker jets or drops of less viscous ones can be drawn from conducting tubes by electric forces. As the potential of the tube relative to a neighbouring plate rises, viscous fluids become nearly conical and fine jets come from the vertices. The potentials at which these jets or drops first appear was measured and compared with calculations. The stability of viscous jets depends on the geometry of the electrodes. Jets as small as 20 μm in diameter and 5 cm long were produced which were quite steady up to a millimetre from their ends. Attempts to describe them mathematically failed. Their stability seems to be due to mechanical rather than electrical causes, like that of a stretched string, which is straight when pulled but bent when pushed. Experiments on the stability of water jets in a parallel electric field reveal two critical fields, one at which jets that are breaking into drops become steady and another at which these steady jets become unsteady again, without breaking into drops. Experiments are described in which a cylindrical soap film becomes unstable under a radial electric field. The results are compared with calculations by A. B. Basset and after a mistake in his analysis is corrected, agreement is found over the range where experiments are possible. Basset’s calculations for axisymmetrical disturbances are extended to those in which the jet moves laterally. Though this is the form in which the instability appears, calculations about uniform jets do not seem to be relevant. In an appendix M. D. Van Dyke calculates the attraction between a long cylinder and a perpendicular plate at a different potential.

1,364 citations