scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal ArticleDOI

Structure refinements of superconducting Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 and Tl2Ba2Cu3O10 from neutron diffraction data.

01 Oct 1988-Physical Review B (Phys Rev B Condens Matter)-Vol. 38, Iss: 10, pp 6624-6630
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of the Tl-O planes of a single-crystal x-ray-diffraction (x-ray) X-ray diffraction (XRDF) was refined from neutron-powder diffraction data at both 150 and 13 K.
Abstract: The structures of ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$Ca${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ and ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{10}$ were refined from neutron-powder-diffraction data. The data for ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$Ca${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ were taken at 298 K, and the data for ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{10}$ were obtained at both 150 and 13 K. The results are essentially in agreement with the structural refinements based on single-crystal x-ray-diffraction data and confirm the positional disorder of the oxygen atoms in the Tl-O planes. The low-temperature refinements for ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ca}}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{10}$ indicate that the symmetry remains tetragonal down to 13 K and that there is no significant structural change or discontinuity in the cell parameters through the superconducting critical temperature near 125 K.
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Arthur W. Sleight1
16 Dec 1988-Science
TL;DR: Those oxides that superconduct at the highest temperatures contain copper-oxygen sheets; however, other elements such as bismuth and thallium play a key role in this new class of superconductors.
Abstract: Spectacular advances in superconductors have taken place in the past two years. The upper temperature for superconductivity has risen from 23 K to 122 K, and there is reason to believe that the ascent is still ongoing. The materials causing this excitement are oxides. Those oxides that superconduct at the highest temperatures contain copper-oxygen sheets; however, other elements such as bismuth and thallium play a key role in this new class of superconductors. These superconductors are attracting attention because of the possibility of a wide range of applications and because the science is fascinating. A material that passes an electrical current with virtually no loss is more remarkable when this occurs at 120 K instead of 20 K.

532 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Oct 1988-Science
TL;DR: New high-temperature superconductors based on oxides of thallium and copper, but not containing barium, have been prepared with structure refinement carried out with single-crystal x-ray diffraction data.
Abstract: New high-temperature superconductors based on oxides of thallium and copper, but not containing barium, have been prepared. A transition temperature (T(c)) of about 85 K is found for (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5)) Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(7) whereas (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5))Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(9) has a T(c) of about 120 K. Both materials possess tetragonal symmetry with a = 3.80 A, c = 12.05 A for (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5))Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(7), and a = 3.81 A, c = 15.23 A for (Tl(0.5)Pb(0.5))Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(9). A structure refinement of the latter phase has been carried out with single-crystal x-ray diffraction data.

303 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show experimental evidence that flux motion results from a thermally activated crossover from 3D vortex lines to 2D independent pancake-like vortices in the Cu-O layers, which occurs when kBT exceeds the Josephson coupling energy of these layers.
Abstract: For H‖c-axis, the magnetic field induced broadening of the resistive transitions of high-Tc superconductors (HTS) is shown to depend strongly on the Cu-O layer spacing. For the highly anisotropic HTS, we show experimental evidence that flux motion results from a thermally activated crossover from three dimensional (3D) vortex lines to 2D independent pancake-like vortices in the Cu-O layers, which is intrinsic to the material and occurs when kBT exceeds the Josephson coupling energy of these layers. At low temperatures, however, thermally activated conventional depinning (which can be sample dependent) or melting in the uncoupled 2D Cu-O layers is also required for flux motion. For YBa2Cu3O7, this dimensional crossover does not occur belowHc2, presumably because the conducting Cu-O chains short-circuit the Josephson interlayer coupling, leading to better superconducting properties in a magnetic field. These results show that strong interlayer coupling is a key to finding good alternatives.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of structure work on high-Tc oxides as reported during the years 1987 and 1988 is given in this paper, where 13 structures are refined from X-ray single-crystal and/or neutron powder diffraction data.
Abstract: A comprehensive review of structure work on high-Tc oxides as reported during the years 1987 and 1988 is given. Thirteen structures are refined from X-ray single-crystal and/or neutron powder diffraction data:I. (Ba1−x,Kx)BiO3 (Tc=30 K),II. (La2−x, Srx)CuO4 (Tc=40 K),III. (Nd, Ce, Sr)2CuO4 (Tc=28 K),IV. (Nd2−x, Cex)CuO4 (Tc=24 K),V. YBa2Cu3O7 (Tc=90 K),VI. YBa2Cu4O8 (Tc=80 K),VII. Y2Ba4Cu7O14 (Tc=40 K),VIII. Pb2Sr2NdCu3O8 (Tc=70 K),IX. TlBa2CaCu2O7 (Tc=103 K),X. TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9 (Tc=120 K),XI. Tl2Ba2CuO6 (Tc=90 K),XII. Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 (Tc=112 K),XIII. Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10 (Tc=125 K). Except forI (perovskite type),II (K2NiF4 type) andIV (Nd2CuO4 type) they represent new structure types. Structure data, bond distances, structure drawings and calculated X-ray powder diffraction patterns are given for each compound. Structural features and correlations with superconductivity are discussed. The review contains 301 citations.

182 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Most of the known cuprate superconductors are shown to belong structurally to a single family and are closely related to each other as discussed by the authors, which leads to three significant insights into the nature of, and requirements for, superconductivity in these phases: (1) a nearly planar sheet of CuO{sub 2} supports the supercurrent; (2) as the distance between the n ACuO{ sub 2} blocks in a crystal structure increases, the critical current density decreases at high reduced temperatures due to the magnetic flux lines becoming unpinned; (
Abstract: Most of the known cuprate superconductors are shown to belong structurally to a single family and are closely related to each other. The relationships between the structures of cuprate superconductors are reviewed with emphasis on their similarities. Individual details of the structures are ignored and only idealized structures are discussed. A formula is used to describe the basic structures of the cuprate superconductors. Crystal structure analysis leads to three significant insights into the nature of, and requirements for, superconductivity in these phases: (1) a nearly planar sheet of CuO{sub 2} supports the supercurrent; (2) as the distance between the n ACuO{sub 2} blocks in a crystal structure increases, the critical current density decreases at high reduced temperatures due to the magnetic flux lines becoming unpinned; (3) the strain energy generated by the lattice mismatch between the CuO{sub 2} layers and the nonsuperconducting layers controls the oxidation state of the Cu ions, which needs to be about +2.2 (in p-type superconductors) to get Cooper pair condensation. 215 refs.

128 citations