Journal ArticleDOI
Structured electrically conductive polyaniline/polymer blends
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors describe electrically conductive polymer blends consisting of polyaniline (PANI) dispersed in a polymer matrix, where PANI is selectively attracted to the minor polymer component, thus generating double-percolation structures.Abstract:
This paper describes electrically conductive polymer blends consisting of polyaniline (PANI) dispersed in a polymer matrix. Melt blending of previously mixed, coagulated and dried aqueous dispersions of PANI and the polymer matrix lead to high conductivities at extremely low PANI concentrations (∼0.5 wt% PANI). In these blends the surface properties (surfactants used) of the PANI and the polymer particles play a major role in the structuring process, in addition to the very small size of the PANI particles. In another approach, i.e. conventional melt blending of PANI powder with a given polymer powder, the success of generating an efficient conductive network depends on the PANI/polymer interaction level. A high interaction level (for example, similar solubility parameters) leads under dynamic hot blending conditions to the formation of conductive networks, but still at relatively high PANI concentration (>10 wt% PANI). To further reduce the PANI conductivity threshold concentration, ternary PANI/polymer/polymer blends can be designed, in which PANI is selectively attracted to the minor polymer component, thus generating double-percolation structures. The threshold PANI concentration in the ternary blends may be reduced by a factor of ∼2 compared to the binary blends. Further reduction can be expected in special ternary blends designed so that the PANI particles will mostly locate at the interfaces, rather than within the dispersed minor polymer particles. The blending method of aqueous dispersions is limited to matrix polymers which can be synthesized by emulsion polymerization. Thus, the conventional melt blending procedure and also the formation of ternary blend systems are particularly beneficial for condensation-type polymers, whereas melt blending of PANI/polymer powders prepared by the aqueous dispersions method is beneficial for the addition-type polymers. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Polyaniline and polypyrrole prepared in the presence of surfactants: a comparative conductivity study
Jaroslav Stejskal,Mária Omastová,S. A. Fedorova,Jan Prokeš,Miroslava Trchová,Miroslava Trchová +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the anionic surfactant was used to improve the stability of conductivity of polypyrrole but reduced the electrical stability of polyaniline, and the conductivity changes in both polymers during thermal ageing were measured at 175°C.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electronically conductive polymers
TL;DR: A concise review of papers published during the last three years about the synthesis, blends, processing, and applications of electronically conductive polymers is presented in this article, where the authors focus on the synthesis and processing of polymers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conductive polymers in water treatment: A review
Ali Taghizadeh,Mohsen Taghizadeh,Maryam Jouyandeh,Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi,Payam Zarrintaj,Mohammad Reza Saeb,Eder C. Lima,Vinod Kumar Gupta +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a state-of-the-art review highlights the prime role of conductive polymers (CPs) in wastewater treatment through reviewing very recent studies conducted on the elimination of noxious contaminations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultralow Percolation Thresholds in Ternary Cocontinuous Polymer Blends
Journal ArticleDOI
Ac and Dc conductivities of polyaniline/poly vinyl formal blend films
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of polyaniline (PANI)/poly vinyl formal (PVF) blend films were carried out in order to investigate their optical, structural and morphological properties.
References
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Polyaniline dispersions 2. UV—Vis absorption spectra
TL;DR: In this paper, the optical absorption spectra of polyaniline dispersions in aqueous media have been investigated and two absorption bands located at 340 and 610 nm are found for blue polyanile base in ammonia solutions.
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Counter-ion induced processibility of polyaniline: conducting melt-processible polymer blends
Olli Ikkala,Jukka Laakso,K. Vakiparta,Esa Virtanen,Heikki Ruohonen,Hannele Järvinen,T. Taka,P. Passiniemi,Jan-Erik Österholm +8 more
TL;DR: The percolation threshold for conductivity is observed at astonishingly low weight fractions of the conjugated conducting polyaniline indicating the formation of a unique morphology.
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Conductive Blends of Thermally Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid-Doped Polyaniline with Thermoplastic Polymers
TL;DR: In this article, a conductive polyaniline-dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (PANI-DBSA) complex, prepared by a thermal doping process, and its blends with thermoplastic polymers were investigated.
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Polymerization of aniline in the presence of DBSA in an aqueous dispersion
TL;DR: In this article, a unique process of polymerization in an aqueous medium of an anilinium-dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) complex obtained by reacting aniline with DBSA prior to polymerization was described.
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Polyaniline blends in thermoplastics
TL;DR: The doped form of polyaniline sold under the trade name, Versicon®, has been shown to provide sufficient thermal stability and dispersibility for compounding with thermoplastics such as PVC, PETG, and nylon 12 via conventional melt-processing techniques as discussed by the authors.