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Journal ArticleDOI

Studies on Evaporated Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)/Silicon Junctions and an Estimation of ITO Work Function

01 Jan 1991-Journal of The Electrochemical Society (The Electrochemical Society)-Vol. 138, Iss: 1, pp 322-324
TL;DR: In this article, an estimate for the work function of ITO/n-Si and ITO p-Si junctions was obtained from the electrical properties of the silicon surface.
Abstract: An estimate for the work function ― has been obtained from the electrical properties of ITO/n-Si et ITO/p-Si junctions. Since the evaporation method of preparing junctions does not seem to involve any process that may create some kind of charged layer on the silicon surface, the work function estimated seems to be realistic
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, solution-processed graphene thin films can serve as transparent conductive anodes for organic photovoltaic cells, and the graphene electrodes were deposited on quartz substrates by spin coating of an aqueous dispersion of functionalized graphene.
Abstract: We demonstrate that solution-processed graphene thin films can serve as transparent conductive anodes for organic photovoltaic cells. The graphene electrodes were deposited on quartz substrates by spin coating of an aqueous dispersion of functionalized graphene, followed by a reduction process to reduce the sheet resistance. Small molecular weight organic solar cells can be directly deposited on such graphene anodes. The short-circuit current and fill factor of these devices on graphene are lower than those of control device on indium tin oxide due to the higher sheet resistance of the graphene films. We anticipate that further optimization of the reduction conditions will improve the performance of these graphene anodes.

938 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical adsorption of acids and bases on indium tin oxide (ITO) was investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and showed that the acid treatments yield work-function shifts as high as 0.7 eV compared to the nontreated ITO.
Abstract: We report on the chemical adsorption of acids and bases on indium tin oxide (ITO). Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy was used to measure the work function of the treated ITO and atomic surface concentrations were determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The acid treatments yield work-function shifts as high as 0.7 eV compared to the nontreated ITO. Huge shifts in the work function are also obtained for the treatments with bases and are opposite to those obtained with the acids. These dramatic shifts are indicative of a double ionic surface layer. The importance of an appropriate plasma treatment prior to the chemical adsorption of acids or bases is discussed in terms of surface acido-basicity.

229 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a UV photoemission and topographic study of the indium-tin-oxide (ITO) anode used in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is presented.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the deposition rate and film quality of In2O3-SnO2 (ITO) transparent electrodes processed by sputtering are improved when using dense sputtering targets.
Abstract: The deposition rate and film quality of In2O3-SnO2 (ITO) transparent electrodes processed by sputtering are improved when using dense sputtering targets. Unfortunately, ITO ceramics do not sinter easily. It is shown that addition of TiO2 (<1 wt%) to ITO greatly increases densification without degrading electrical properties of sputtered films. The influence of ZrO2 and SiO2 was also investigated.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrochromic properties of a fast protonic solid state device: NiOx/Ta2O5/WO3−x prepared at room temperature (300 K) are reported.

64 citations