Study of an epidemic of non-A, non-B, hepatitis. Possibility of another human hepatitis virus distinct from post-transfusion non-A, non-B type.
TL;DR: The data strongly suggest the possibility of another human hepatitis virus and established the fecal oral route of its spread.
About: This article is published in The American Journal of Medicine.The article was published on 1980-06-01. It has received 634 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Viral hepatitis & Hepatitis.
Citations
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TL;DR: Findings on the genetic organization and expression strategy of HEV suggest that it is the prototype human pathogen for a new class of RNA virus or perhaps a separate genus within the Caliciviridae family.
1,016 citations
Additional excerpts
...KHUROO, M. S. (1980)....
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TL;DR: A large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described and a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.
Abstract: Rodents are the most abundant and diversified order of living mammals in the world. Already since the Middle Ages we know that they can contribute to human disease, as black rats were associated with distribution of plague. However, also in modern times rodents form a threat for public health. In this review article a large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described. Moreover, a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.
757 citations
Cites background from "Study of an epidemic of non-A, non-..."
...Typical clinical signs and symptoms in patients with symptomatic HEV infection are similar to those of other types of viral hepatitis and include malaise, fever, anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, and hepatomegaly (Khuroo 1980; Myint et al. 1985)....
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TL;DR: Although hepatitis E was recognized as a new disease in 1980, the virus was first visualized in 1983 and its genome was cloned and characterized in 1991, the disease is probably ancient but not recognized until modern times.
646 citations
Cites background from "Study of an epidemic of non-A, non-..."
...The discovery of hepatitis E resulted from application of recently developed assays for antibody to HAV (antiHAV) to paired sera collected from Indian water-borne hepatitis outbreaks [1,2]....
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...Until 1980 hepatitis A virus (HAV) was the only type of water-borne viral hepatitis recognized [1,2]....
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TL;DR: Patients with unexplained hepatitis should be tested for hepatitis E, whatever their age or travel history, and the source and route of infection remain uncertain, but it might be a porcine zoonosis.
Abstract: Hepatitis E is endemic in many developing countries where it causes substantial morbidity. In industrialised countries, it is considered rare, and largely confined to travellers returning from endemic areas. However, there is now a growing body of evidence that challenges this notion. Autochthonous hepatitis E in developed countries is far more common than previously recognised, and might be more common than hepatitis A. Hepatitis E has a predilection for older men in whom it causes substantial morbidity and mortality. The disease has a poor prognosis in the context of pre-existing chronic liver disease, and is frequently misdiagnosed as drug-induced liver injury. The source and route of infection remain uncertain, but it might be a porcine zoonosis. Patients with unexplained hepatitis should be tested for hepatitis E, whatever their age or travel history.
629 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that a characteristic histological pattern exists in chronic hepatitis C, that this pattern is not always found and that prominent lymphoid follicles, though not unique to hepatitisC, provide a useful diagnostic clue.
517 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1964
TL;DR: Micro- analysis in medical biochemistry, Micro-analysis in medicalBiochemistry, and Micro- Analysis in Medical biochemistry .
Abstract: Micro-analysis in medical biochemistry , Micro-analysis in medical biochemistry , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
1,385 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: This chapter examines Anatomy; Function; Differences between dogs and cats; Investigating liver disease; Pathophysiology of acute and chronic Liver disease; Acute liver disease ; Chronic liver disease%; and Treatment of chronic liver disease.
Abstract: This internationally acclaimed classic has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the latest advances in clinical hepatology Emphasis is on both medical and surgical aspects of diagnosis and management
1,181 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, 22 patients who had an episode of transfusion-associated hepatitis not positive for hepatitis B antigen were examined for development of antibody to heaptitis A and B antigens, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus.
Abstract: Twenty-two patients who had an episode of transfusion-associated hepatitis not positive for hepatitis B antigen were examined for development of antibody to heaptitis A and B antigens, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus. Antibody response to the 27-nm virus-like hepatitis A antigen was measured by immune electron microscopy. In none of the 22 patients studied did serologic evidence of infection with hepatitis A virus develop during the study period. Nine of the 22 patients had antibody responses to cytomegalovirus, but it was difficult to relate these seroconversions to their hepatitis. In addition, all 22 patients had pre-existing antibody to the Epstein-Barr virus. It seems likely that at least a proportion of such antigen-negative transfusion-associated hepatitis is caused by other infectious agents, not yet identified.
498 citations
TL;DR: The hemagglutination test has the sensitivity and rapidity of the best tests available, is simpler to perform, and lends itself to large-scale screening of blood donors.
Abstract: Hemagglutination assays are described for measuring hepatitis-associated Australia antigen and antibody. Red cells coated with isolated antigen, with chromic chloride as a coupling agent, are used for detection of antibodies. Detection of the antigen in serums depends on inhibition of hemagglutination. The test has the sensitivity and rapidity of the best tests available, is simpler to perform, and lends itself to large-scale screening of blood donors.
448 citations
TL;DR: Hepatitis was transmitted by serum derived from patients with chronic as well as acute hepatitis, strongly suggesting a chronic carrier state for the agent responsible for non-A, non-B hepatitis.
371 citations