Subclinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms, cognitive processes, school achievement, and intelligence-achievement relationship in adolescents
03 Apr 2017-International journal of school and educational psychology (Routledge)-Vol. 5, Iss: 2, pp 115-125
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to determine whether the general intelligence, cognitive processes, school achievement, and intelligence-achievement relationship of adolescents with subclinical levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms differed from those of their normal counterparts.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine whether the general intelligence, cognitive processes, school achievement, and intelligence-achievement relationship of adolescents with subclinical levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms differed from those of their normal counterparts. From an initial large pool of 14-year-old Bengali students in eighth grade, 110 girls and 100 boys were finally selected. The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and the Children's Obsessional Compulsive Inventory were used to exclude those with clinical levels of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and to identify those with subclinical levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms as differentiated from the typically developed adolescents. The participants were administered the Standard Progressive Matrices for assessing general intelligence and Sumon's Attention Memory Module to assess memory-related variables and span of attention. School achievement was assessed from school records from the last two years. Intelligence-achieve...
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26 Jul 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to determine whether adolescent students with low level of test anxiety differed from those with high level test anxiety in terms of academic achievement and relationship between general and emotional intelligence.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine whether adolescent students of 11 and 12 grade with low level of test anxiety differed from those with high level of test anxiety in terms of academic achievement and relationship between general and emotional intelligence. Initially the total 300 students of the Bengali medium schools in Kolkata were administered with Test Anxiety Questionnaire in which those who scored from 10 to 35 were included in low test anxiety group where participants’ level of suffering is probably healthy and those scored over 35 were included in high test anxiety group where participants’ level of suffering is probably unhealthy. Finally, author could select 120 participants (61 boys and 61 girls) following inclusion-exclusion criteria and suitability for formation of groups. Afterwards the selected participants were administered with Standard Progressive Matrices to measure their general intelligence and Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test to measure their emotional intelligence. Their academic achievement was assessed by percentage of total marks obtained in secondary level examination. The results revealed that low test anxiety group significantly differed from high test anxiety group in terms of academic achievement. The results further revealed that in terms of the variables of Emotional Intelligence as correlated with General Intelligence, low test anxiety group also significantly differed from high test anxiety group for most of the variables where low test anxiety group was better than high test anxiety group.
3 citations
Cites background from "Subclinical obsessive-compulsive sy..."
...…both intelligence and emotional intelligence with academic achievement particularly in nonclinical sample as indicated by both recent and earlier studies (Malakar & Basu, 2016; Ramana & Devi, 2018; Tew, & Laurence, 1984), still psychologists argue about which one is considered to be more impactful....
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References
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TL;DR: A convenient, although not comprehensive, presentation of required sample sizes is providedHere the sample sizes necessary for .80 power to detect effects at these levels are tabled for eight standard statistical tests.
Abstract: One possible reason for the continued neglect of statistical power analysis in research in the behavioral sciences is the inaccessibility of or difficulty with the standard material. A convenient, although not comprehensive, presentation of required sample sizes is provided here. Effect-size indexes and conventional values for these are given for operationally defined small, medium, and large effects. The sample sizes necessary for .80 power to detect effects at these levels are tabled for eight standard statistical tests: (a) the difference between independent means, (b) the significance of a product-moment correlation, (c) the difference between independent rs, (d) the sign test, (e) the difference between independent proportions, (f) chi-square tests for goodness of fit and contingency tables, (g) one-way analysis of variance, and (h) the significance of a multiple or multiple partial correlation.
38,291 citations
"Subclinical obsessive-compulsive sy..." refers background or methods in this paper
...For the t-tests, effect sizes were evaluated following Cohen’s criterion (Cohen, 1992)....
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...The effect sizes vary between .16 and .39, indicating a low to moderately significant effect of OCS (Cohen, 1992) on general intelligence, memory and attention processes, and achievement....
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...39, indicating a low to moderately significant effect of OCS (Cohen, 1992) on general intelligence, memory and attention processes, and achievement....
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TL;DR: Although mental disorders are widespread, serious cases are concentrated among a relatively small proportion of cases with high comorbidity, as shown in the recently completed US National Comorbidities Survey Replication.
Abstract: Background Little is known about the general population prevalence or severity of DSM-IV mental disorders. Objective To estimate 12-month prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of DSM-IV anxiety, mood, impulse control, and substance disorders in the recently completed US National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Design and Setting Nationally representative face-to-face household survey conducted between February 2001 and April 2003 using a fully structured diagnostic interview, the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Participants Nine thousand two hundred eighty-two English-speaking respondents 18 years and older. Main Outcome Measures Twelve-month DSM-IV disorders. Results Twelve-month prevalence estimates were anxiety, 18.1%; mood, 9.5%; impulse control, 8.9%; substance, 3.8%; and any disorder, 26.2%. Of 12-month cases, 22.3% were classified as serious; 37.3%, moderate; and 40.4%, mild. Fifty-five percent carried only a single diagnosis; 22%, 2 diagnoses; and 23%, 3 or more diagnoses. Latent class analysis detected 7 multivariate disorder classes, including 3 highly comorbid classes representing 7% of the population. Conclusion Although mental disorders are widespread, serious cases are concentrated among a relatively small proportion of cases with high comorbidity.
10,951 citations
TL;DR: In a study involving four raters and 40 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder at various stages of treatment, interrater reliability for the total Yale-Brown Scale score and each of the 10 individual items was excellent, with high degree of internal consistency among all item scores demonstrated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Abstract: • The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was designed to remedy the problems of existing rating scales by providing a specific measure of the severity of symptoms of obsessivecompulsive disorder that is not influenced by the type of obsessions or compulsions present. The scale is a clinician-rated, 10-item scale, each item rated from 0 (no symptoms) to 4 (extreme symptoms) (total range, 0 to 40), with separate subtotals for severity of obsessions and compulsions. In a study involving four raters and 40 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder at various stages of treatment, interrater reliability for the total Yale-Brown Scale score and each of the 10 individual items was excellent, with a high degree of internal consistency among all item scores demonstrated with Cronbach's α coefficient. Based on pretreatment assessment of 42 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, each item was frequently endorsed and measured across a range of severity. These findings suggest that the Yale-Brown Scale is a reliable instrument for measuring the severity of illness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with a range of severity and types of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
6,766 citations
"Subclinical obsessive-compulsive sy..." refers methods in this paper
...Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS; McKay et al., 2003): The CYBOCS has been adapted by McKay et al. (2003) from the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Goodman et al., 1989a, 1989b) for adults....
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TL;DR: Results from a previously reported placebo-controlled trial of fluvoxamine in 42 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed that the Yale- Brown Scale was sensitive to drug-induced changes and that reductions in Yale-Brown Scale scores specifically reflected improvement in obsessive- compulsive disorder symptoms.
Abstract: • The development design and reliability of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale have been described elsewhere. We focused on the validity of the Yale-Brown Scale and its sensitivity to change. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined in baseline ratings from three cohorts of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (N = 81). The total Yale-Brown Scale score was significantly correlated with two of three independent measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder and weakly correlated with measures of depression and of anxiety in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with minimal secondary depressive symptoms. Results from a previously reported placebo-controlled trial of fluvoxamine in 42 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed that the Yale-Brown Scale was sensitive to drug-induced changes and that reductions in Yale-Brown Scale scores specifically reflected improvement in obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Together, these studies indicate that the 10-item Yale-Brown Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing obsessive-compulsive disorder symptom severity and that it is suitable as an outcome measure in drug trials of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
2,614 citations
"Subclinical obsessive-compulsive sy..." refers methods in this paper
...Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS; McKay et al., 2003): The CYBOCS has been adapted by McKay et al. (2003) from the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Goodman et al., 1989a, 1989b) for adults....
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TL;DR: Evidence of a preponderance of early onset cases in men, high comorbidity with a wide range of disorders, and reliable associations between disorder severity and key outcomes may have implications for how OCD is classified in DSM-V.
Abstract: Despite significant advances in the study of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), important questions remain about the disorder's public health significance, appropriate diagnostic classification, and clinical heterogeneity. These issues were explored using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults. A subsample of 2073 respondents was assessed for lifetime DSM-IV OCD. More than one-quarter of respondents reported experiencing obsessions or compulsions at some time in their lives. While conditional probability of OCD was strongly associated with the number of obsessions and compulsions reported, only small proportions of respondents met full DSM-IV criteria for lifetime (2.3%) or 12-month (1.2%) OCD. OCD is associated with substantial comorbidity, not only with anxiety and mood disorders but also with impulse-control and substance use disorders. Severity of OCD, assessed by an adapted version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), is associated with poor insight, high comorbidity, high role impairment, and high probability of seeking treatment. The high prevalence of subthreshold OCD symptoms may help explain past inconsistencies in prevalence estimates across surveys and suggests that the public health burden of OCD may be greater than its low prevalence implies. Evidence of a preponderance of early-onset cases in males, high comorbidity with a wide range of disorders, and reliable associations between disorder severity and key outcomes may have implications for how OCD is classified in DSM-V.
1,971 citations