Subgingival microbial profile and production of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic periodontitis.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This review examines literature data concerning the bacterial findings in chronic periodontitis depending on pocket depth, and presents the latest published information on the presence of proinflammatory factors in periodontal environment.Abstract:
This review examines literature data concerning the bacterial findings in chronic periodontitis depending on pocket depth, and presents the latest published information on the presence of proinflammatory factors in periodontal environment. It has been found that chronic periodontitis affects as much as 80% of the middle-aged population; by comparison, the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis reaches up to 1-1.5%. It is accepted that this social disease is multifactorial in etiology, but the evidence in the literature suggests that the levels of specific Gram-negative organisms in subgingival plaque biofilm play a major role in the initiation and progression of the disease. Of the many bacterial species inhabiting the periodontal environment, three types--Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), Treponema denticola (TD), Tannerella forsythia (TF)--are strongly associated with the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Microbiological studies suggest that Porphyromonas gingivalis should be considered a major etiologic agent. Currently, Porphyromonas gingivalis is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. On the other hand, the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemeomitans in patients with chronic periodontitis may be related to the severity of the disease and thus modify the therapeutic plan. The increased amount of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival area can activate a cascade of defense mechanisms of the body associated with the production of factors causing inflammation and destruction, which suggests a correlation between the bacterial findings and the body response implemented by enhancing the local cytokine expression. Studies in the literature show that the presence of certain micro-organisms in the periodontal environment is associated to increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the gingival fluid and gingival tissue. These levels have been associated with destructive tissues response. There is little evidence in the literature on the correlation of the levels of periodontal pathogens of sites with different pocket depth with periodontal disease activity defined by the degree of the proinflammatory cytokine expression such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of tumour necrosis factor-α on bone cells involved in periodontal alveolar bone loss; osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes.
TL;DR: It is evident that managing the chronic inflammatory response in addition to the deregulated bone metabolism is required to improve periodontal and inflammatory bone loss treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Dental Origin for Inducing Tissue Regeneration in Periodontitis: A Mini-Review.
Beatriz Hernández-Monjaraz,Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio,Alberto Monroy-García,Edgar Ledesma-Martínez,Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez +4 more
TL;DR: The field of dental stem cell research is described and a potential mechanism involved in periodontal tissue regeneration induced by dental MSC is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by downregulation of EphB4 signaling via activated nuclear factor-kappaB signaling pathway.
TL;DR: TNF-α inhibits osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by downregulation of EphB4 signaling via activated NF-κB signaling pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients: A comparative polymerase chain reaction study.
TL;DR: Study findings suggest that P. gingivalis and T. denticola are significantly associated with the severity of periodontal tissue destruction and Statistically significant association exists between clinical periodontic parameters such as PI, GI, periodontAL pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss and presence of both the microorganisms.
Book ChapterDOI
Impact of Dental Plaque Biofilms in Periodontal Disease: Management and Future Therapy
Veronica Lazar,Lia-Mara Ditu,Carmen Curutiu,Irina Gheorghe,Alina Maria Holban,Marcela Popa,Carmen Chifiriuc +6 more
TL;DR: Resistance to antibiotics, mediated by genetic factors or, phenotypical, due to biofilm formation, is the most important cause of therapy failure of biofilm-associated infections, including periodontitis; the mechanisms of tolerance are different, the metabolic low rate and cell’s dormancy being the major ones.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque
TL;DR: The purpose of the present investigation was to attempt to define communities using data from large numbers of plaque samples and different clustering and ordination techniques, which related strikingly to clinical measures of periodontal disease particularly pocket depth and bleeding on probing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial etiological agents of destructive periodontal diseases
Journal ArticleDOI
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia: The 'red complex', a prototype polybacterial pathogenic consortium in periodontitis
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparisons of Subgingival Microbial Profiles of Refractory Periodontitis, Severe Periodontitis, and Periodontal Health Using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray
Ana Paula Vieira Colombo,Susan K. Boches,Sean L. Cotton,J. Max Goodson,Ralph Kent,A. D. Haffajee,S. S. Socransky,Hatice Hasturk,Thomas E. Van Dyke,Floyd E. Dewhirst,Bruce J. Paster +10 more
TL;DR: Patients with RP presented a distinct microbial profile compared to patients in the GR and PH groups, as determined by HOMIM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subgingival microbiota in healthy, well‐maintained elder and periodontitis subjects
A. D. Haffajee,M. A. Cugini,Anne C.R. Tanner,R. P. Pollack,C. Smith,Ralph Kent,Sigmund S. Socransky +6 more
TL;DR: The data suggest an etiologic role for B. forsythus, P. gingivalis, T. denticola and S. noxia in adult periodontitis.