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Journal ArticleDOI

Substrate-controlled naticid gastropod drilling predation on recent barnacles from Chandipur, India and its Palaeontological implications

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported drilling predation on acorn barnacles by gastropods from Chandipur, eastern India, and found that the aspects of predation have been largely limited to molluscs.
Abstract: The study of drilling predation has been largely limited to molluscs. Herein, we report drilling predation on Recent acorn barnacles by gastropods from Chandipur, eastern India. The aspects of pred...
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121 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that both turritellines and naticid evolved during the Jurassic, and the prey–predator interaction between them was established shortly thereafter, and among bivalves, corbulids also became important prey of naticids in the same spatiotemporal framework.
Abstract: We document and quantify one of the oldest predator–prey interactions between naticid gastropods and molluscan prey, on the basis of drill holes in shells, from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) beds of Kutch, western India. Previously, many workers recorded naticid-like drill holes on prey taxa from the Triassic and the Jurassic, but in the absence of associated naticid body fossils, they remained equivocal. The present gastropod community is dominated by turritellines (98% of the sample) that form the turritelline-dominated assemblage, and the naticid drilling predation is restricted almost entirely to turritellines among gastropods. Confamilial naticid predation takes place occasionally. Within the bivalve community, corbulids and nuculids are most abundant and are drilled more often than other taxa. These observations indicate that prey selection was opportunistic and based solely on availability. Drilling intensities at both assemblage and lower taxon levels are low. Behavioral stereotypy of naticid predation in some cases is moderately high. Turritellines are often the preferred prey of naticid gastropods since the late Early Cretaceous. These two groups form a recurrent association reflecting prey–predator interaction. Here we suggest that both turritellines and naticids evolved during the Jurassic, and the prey–predator interaction between them was established shortly thereafter. Among bivalves, corbulids also became important prey of naticids in the same spatiotemporal framework. Corbulids are older than naticids and first appeared during the Middle Jurassic. After their first encounter with naticids, corbulids evolved conchiolin layers within the valves to resist predation.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis showed that octopodoids produce significantly more drill holes per drilled molluscan shell than do gastropod drillers, and that most of the drill holes are found in the ventral left-posterior and ventral-left-middle shell regions.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first completed and taxonomically validated literature review on the biodiversity of barnacles (Cirripedia) in India is presented in this paper, where a total of 155 species belonging to 75 genera, 19 families were recorded in India.
Abstract: The present study is the first completed and taxonomically validated literature review on the biodiversity of barnacles (Cirripedia) in India. A total of 155 species belonging to 75 genera, 19 families were recorded in India. Maximum number of species were recorded from Bay of Bengal Province located on the eastern side of the Indian Peninsula, which composed of the Eastern India Ecoregion (76 species) and Northern Bay of Bengal Ecoregion (34 species). The West and South India Shelf Province has relatively lower number of species (Western India Ecoregion 29 species, South India and Sri Lanka Ecoregion, 40 species) when compared to the Bay of Bengal Province. The Andaman Province composed of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, which contains 65 species. Most of the coral-associated barnacles (family Pyrgomatidae) were recorded in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Ecoregion (7 species), Eastern India Ecoregion (6 species) and Northern Bay of Bengal Ecoregion (5 species), where these ecoregions contain coral reefs. Sponge associated barnacles (mostly in the subfamily Acastinae) were recorded in the Eastern India Ecoregion, Southern India and Sri Lanka and Andaman and Nicobar Island Ecoregions. Deep-water species were relatively extensively recorded in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Ecoregion (21 species), followed by South India and Sri Lanka Ecoregion (9 species) and Eastern India Ecoregion (7 species). Six Atlantic/boreal cold water species previously reported in India were removed due to incorrect identification, and some incorrect identified species were validated and corrected.

1 citations

Posted ContentDOI
08 Jun 2020-bioRxiv
TL;DR: The results show that the prey with epibionts are significantly less likely to be drilled when the predator has sufficient choice of prey, consistent with the tenets of the associational resistance.
Abstract: Predation is one of the driving forces that shaped the marine ecosystems through time. Apart from the anti-predatory strategies adopted by the prey, the predatory outcome is often indirectly influenced by the other members of the ecological community. Association between organisms are often found to influence the outcome and the evolution of such association may have been guided by such interactions. Mollusc-burnacle association, although common, is not explored to assess if the epibiont offers the molluscs any protection against predation (associational resistance) or increases the risk by attracting predators (shared doom). Using a series of controlled experiments with a drilling predator ( Paratectonatica tigrina ), its prey ( Pirenella cingulata ) and an epibiont ( Amphibalanus amphitrite ), we evaluated the effect of epibionts on the drilling behavior of the predator by documenting the successful attack (Drilling frequency, DF), and handling time. Our results show that the prey with epibionts are significantly less likely to be drilled when the predator has sufficient choice of prey, consistent with the tenets of the associational resistance. The preference of choosing the non-encrusted prey, however, diminishes with fewer available prey. The handling time is significantly higher in the attacks on the encrusted prey than non-encrusted prey, even though the barnacles are not drilled. Although the proximity of the drilling site to encrustation tends to increase the handling time, the size of encrustation does not have any effect. Because the profitability of prey largely depends on the ratio of handling time and the energetic yield from consuming the prey, the increase in handling time due to encrustation makes it less profitable for the predator. The role of encrustation as a deterrent to predation might also explain the complex shell architecture in some prey gastropods that increases the likelihood of encrustation besides providing direct resistance against predation.

1 citations


Cites background from "Substrate-controlled naticid gastro..."

  • ...The drilling record of Mondal et al (2019) is on attached barnacles....

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI

951 citations


"Substrate-controlled naticid gastro..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…main predator of the modern barnacles are octopods (Guerra and Nixon 1987; Ambrose et al. 1988; Nixon and Maconnachie 1988) and muricid gastropods (Connell 1961; Largen 1967; Wood 1968; Radwin and Wells 1968; Morgan 1972; Pratt 1974; Menge 1974; Luckens 1975; Barnett 1979; Bayliss 1982; Perry…...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Because predation is patchy and bents are less fecund and grow slower than conics, the conditional developmental strategy is likely to be favored over strict genetical control of shell morphology.
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in order to determine the nature of shell dimorphism in the acorn barnacle Chthamalus anisopoma and the adaptive significance of the atypical form. The typical morph has the conical shape which is characteristic of acorn barnacles, while the atypical morph appears bent over, with the rim of its aperture oriented perpendicular to its base. The experiments showed that: 1) the bent-over morphology is an environmentally-induced de- velopmental response to the presence of a carnivorous gastropod (Acanthina angelica) and 2) that "bents" are more resistant than "conics" to specialized predation by this snail. The results also showed that predation by A. angelica is patchy and heaviest in the near vicinity of cracks and crevices, which it uses as refuges during periods of tidal inundation. Because predation is patchy and bents are less fecund and grow slower than conics, the conditional developmental strategy is likely to be favored over strict genetical control of shell morphology.

319 citations


"Substrate-controlled naticid gastro..." refers background or result in this paper

  • ...We, therefore, conclude that variation in shell morphology in Chandipur barnacles results from local physical environmental conditions rather than genetic or predatory causes (Lively 1986; Jarrett 2008, 2009; Vermeij and Ruch 2018)....

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  • ...In general, barnacles commonly make elongate, hummock morphs (Bertness et al. 1998; Donovan and Novak 2015), as compared to the less fecund bent counterparts (Lively 1986), suggesting that bending morphologies are related to ecological and biological causes....

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  • ...However, because bent forms are less fecund (Lively 1986), we should not expect frequent bent forms....

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  • ...Considering all these together, it appeared that when barnacles attached themselves on Timoclea imbricata, they become less fecund because of their bent forms (Lively 1986), and lived relatively short period, but failed to deter predation....

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  • ...…Zandt 1972); (4) in terms of morphological adaptation of the prey, the total number of wall plates for the balanomorph barnacles has decreased during the Cenozoic, along with other shell modifications (Murdock and Currey 1978; Palmer 1982; Lively 1986; Sanford and Swezey 2008; Jarrett 2008, 2009)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1998-Geology
TL;DR: The evolutionary history of drilling predation, despite a long and rich fossil record (Precambrian-Holocene), contains a 120 m.y. gap (Late Triassic-Early Cretaceous) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The evolutionary history of drilling predation, despite a long and rich fossil record (Precambrian–Holocene), contains a 120 m.y. gap (Late Triassic–Early Cretaceous). Drilled bivalve and brachiopod shells from Jurassic deposits of Hungary, India, and four localities documented in the literature indicate that drillers may have existed continuously throughout the Mesozoic. They may have been descendants of Paleozoic predators, unknown Mesozoic carnivores, or precursors of modern drillers. A literature database suggests three major phases in the Phanerozoic history of drilling predators: (1) the Paleozoic phase (latest Precambrian–Carboniferous) dominated by rare to moderately frequent drillings in brachiopods and sessile echinoderms; (2) the Mesozoic phase (Permian–Early Cretaceous) with very rare, or even facultative, drillers that had little impact on marine benthic communities, but nevertheless may have been present continuously; and (3) the Cenozoic phase (Late Cretaceous –Holocene) dominated by frequent gastropod drillings in mollusks.

240 citations


"Substrate-controlled naticid gastro..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…(Bardhan et al. 2012; Klompmaker et al. 2016), gastropod drilling predation became spatio-ecologically widespread from the Late Cretaceous onwards (Kowalewski et al. 1998; Kelley and Hansen 2003; Huntley and Kowalewski 2007; Mallick et al. 2014), synchronous with the diversification of gastropod…...

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  • ...A similar record of high intensity of predation on these ‘other’ (sensu Kowalewski et al. 1998) prey items are also evident in different groups....

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  • ...…gastropods do not waste their energy in preying on them unless there is a competition for resources or if there is a lack of food choices (see, Kowalewski et al. 1998; also see, Radwin andWells 1968; Palmer 1983;West 1986; Chim and Ong 2012); and (2) their gregarious nature of living makes…...

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  • ...This intensity on barnacles is the highest among all previous Phanerozoic records, irrespective of ocean basins, latitudes, and time (see, Kowalewski et al. 1998; also see, Radwin and Wells 1968; Palmer 1983; West 1986; Chim and Ong 2012; Klompmaker et al. 2015 and references therein)....

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  • ...…by prosobranch gastropods, preserved as characteristic circular or semi-circular geometric traces on their diverse molluscan and non-molluscan prey, has been extensively studied in the last few decades from around the world (see references in Kowalewski et al. 1998; Huntley and Kowalewski 2007)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A species-level database of predation intensity, as measured by the frequency of common predation traces, suggests that macroevolutionary and macroecological patterns share common causative mechanisms that may reflect either historical processes or sampling artifacts.
Abstract: The importance of ecological interactions in driving the evolution of animals has been the focus of intense debate among paleontologists, evolutionary biologists, and macroecologists. To test whether the intensity of such interactions covaries with the secular evolutionary trend in global biodiversity, we compiled a species-level database of predation intensity, as measured by the frequency of common predation traces (drillings and repair scars ranging in age from Ediacaran to Holocene). The results indicate that the frequency of predation traces increased notably by the Ordovician, and not in the mid-Paleozoic as suggested by multiple previous studies. Importantly, these estimates of predation intensity and global diversity of marine metazoans correlate throughout the Phanerozoic fossil record regardless of corrections and methods applied. This concordance may represent (i) an ecological signal: long-term coupling of diversity and predation; (ii) a diversity-driven diffusion of predatory behaviors: an increased probability of more complex predatory strategies to appear at higher diversity levels; or (iii) a spurious concordance in signal capture: an artifact where rare species and less-frequent (e.g., trace-producing) predatory behaviors are both more detectable at times when sampling improves. The coupling of predation and diversity records suggests that macroevolutionary and macroecological patterns share common causative mechanisms that may reflect either historical processes or sampling artifacts.

215 citations


"Substrate-controlled naticid gastro..." refers background in this paper

  • ...…gastropod drilling predation became spatio-ecologically widespread from the Late Cretaceous onwards (Kowalewski et al. 1998; Kelley and Hansen 2003; Huntley and Kowalewski 2007; Mallick et al. 2014), synchronous with the diversification of gastropod drilling predators (Sohl 1969; Taylor et al.…...

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  • ...…by prosobranch gastropods, preserved as characteristic circular or semi-circular geometric traces on their diverse molluscan and non-molluscan prey, has been extensively studied in the last few decades from around the world (see references in Kowalewski et al. 1998; Huntley and Kowalewski 2007)....

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Journal Article

198 citations


"Substrate-controlled naticid gastro..." refers background in this paper

  • ...It is commonly accepted that muricids are responsible for drilling on barnacles, and modern naticids generally do not attack barnacles (Taylor et al. 1980; Barnes 1999; Klompmaker et al. 2015), mainly because barnacles are gregarious and attach themselves to the substrate, thus hindering…...

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