Sunshine foaming of compact Ti3C2Tx MXene film for highly efficient electromagnetic interference shielding and energy storage
TL;DR: In this article, a macroporous MXene film with 3D architectures was obtained in just a few seconds by using focused sunlight to stimulate the photothermal effect of MXene.
About: This article is published in Carbon.The article was published on 2021-09-01. It has received 26 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this article , an alternating-layered deposition strategy is designed to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane packaged N-doped MXene (Ti3CNTx)/graphene oxide wrapped hollow carbon fiber/silver nanowire films (p-LMHA) followed by annealing and encapsulation approaches.
Abstract: With the progressive requirements of modern electronics, outstanding electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are extensively desirable to protect intelligent electronic equipment against EMI radiation under various conditions, while integrating functional applications. So far, it remains a great challenge to effectively construct thin films with diversiform frameworks as integrated shielding devices. To simultaneously promote electromagnetic waves (EMWs) attenuation and construct integrated multifunction, an alternating-layered deposition strategy is designed to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane packaged N-doped MXene (Ti3CNTx)/graphene oxide wrapped hollow carbon fiber/silver nanowire films (p-LMHA) followed by annealing and encapsulation approaches. Contributed by the synergistic effect of consecutively conductive networks and porous architectures, LMHA films exhibit satisfying EMI shielding effectiveness of 73.2 dB at a thickness of 11 μm, with a specific EMI shielding effectiveness of 31 150.1 dB·cm2·g-1. Benefiting from the encapsulation, p-LMHA films further impart hydrophobicity and reliability against harsh environments. Besides, p-LMHA devices integrate a rapid-response behavior of the electro/photothermal and, meanwhile, function as a healthcare monitoring sensor. Therefore, it is believed that the p-LMHA films assembled by independent conductive networks with reliability offer a facile solution for practical multimodular protection of devices with integration characteristics.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a sandwich-structured EMI shielding composite film with Joule heating performance was fabricated from biomass-based carbon and magnetic-electric hybrid materials through a feasible alternating vacuum-assisted filtration method.
Abstract: Exploring absorption-dominant high-efficiency electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite films accompanied with additional functionalities to broaden their application scenarios is highly desirable for the development of next-generation electronic devices. In this regard, a sandwich-structured EMI shielding composite film with Joule heating performance was fabricated from biomass-based carbon and magnetic-electric hybrid materials through a feasible alternating vacuum-assisted filtration method. Profiting from the rational arrangement of Fe 3 O 4 @activated egg white/cellulose nanofiber as impedance matching layer and self-supported MXene as shielding layer, the resultant composite films achieve an optimum EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 63.8 dB in the X-band with an average electromagnetic reflection as low as 4.8 dB. Meanwhile, the prepared composite films present reliable EMI SE even after undergoing continuously physical deformations, outstanding flexibility, excellent mechanical property and remarkable Joule heating performance. This work paves a novel pathway for developing multifunctional and absorption-dominant EMI shielding composite films in advanced microelectronic systems and flexible electronic devices.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a TiC/carbon hybrid aerogel was successfully fabricated via freeze-drying and subsequent pyrolysis process, and the as-prepared hybrid carbon aerogels achieved ultra-efficient EMI shielding effectiveness of 72.9 dB in conjunction with a superior A value of 0.76 and low thermal conductivity.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a complex structure for humidity-responsive MXene actuators and vertically aligned compact MXene electrode with rapid electrolyte ion diffusion has been fabricated, which is a milestone in promoting conductive materials forward toward practical applications.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors developed high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites with absorption-dominant, which is an effective method to address the problem of violent electromagnetic radiation pollution.
15 citations
References
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TL;DR: 2D nanosheets, composed of a few Ti 3 C 2 layers and conical scrolls, produced by the room temperature exfoliation of Ti 3 AlC 2 in hydrofl uoric acid are reported, which opens a door to the synthesis of a large number of other 2D crystals.
Abstract: Currently, however, there are relatively few such atomically layered solids. [ 2–5 ] Here, we report on 2D nanosheets, composed of a few Ti 3 C 2 layers and conical scrolls, produced by the room temperature exfoliation of Ti 3 AlC 2 in hydrofl uoric acid. The large elastic moduli predicted by ab initio simulation, and the possibility of varying their surface chemistries (herein they are terminated by hydroxyl and/or fl uorine groups) render these nanosheets attractive as polymer composite fi llers. Theory also predicts that their bandgap can be tuned by varying their surface terminations. The good conductivity and ductility of the treated powders suggest uses in Li-ion batteries, pseudocapacitors, and other electronic applications. Since Ti 3 AlC 2 is a member of a 60 + group of layered ternary carbides and nitrides known as the MAX phases, this discovery opens a door to the synthesis of a large number of other 2D crystals. Arguably the most studied freestanding 2D material is graphene, which was produced by mechanical exfoliation into single-layers in 2004. [ 1 ] Some other layered materials, such as hexagonal BN, [ 2 ] transition metal oxides, and hydroxides, [ 4 ] as well as clays, [ 3 ] have also been exfoliated into 2D sheets. Interestingly, exfoliated MoS 2 single layers were reported as early as in 1986. [ 5 ] Graphene is fi nding its way to applications ranging from supercapacitor electrodes [ 6 ] to reinforcement in composites. [ 7 ] Although graphene has attracted more attention than all other 2D materials combined, its simple chemistry and the weak van der Waals bonding between layers in multilayer structures limit its use. Complex, layered structures that contain more than one element may offer new properties because they
6,846 citations
TL;DR: This capacitance report reports a method of producing two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ using a solution of lithium fluoride and hydrochloric acid that offers a much faster route to film production as well as the avoidance of handling hazardous concentrated hydrofluoric acid.
Abstract: Safe and powerful energy storage devices are becoming increasingly important. Charging times of seconds to minutes, with power densities exceeding those of batteries, can in principle be provided by electrochemical capacitors--in particular, pseudocapacitors. Recent research has focused mainly on improving the gravimetric performance of the electrodes of such systems, but for portable electronics and vehicles volume is at a premium. The best volumetric capacitances of carbon-based electrodes are around 300 farads per cubic centimetre; hydrated ruthenium oxide can reach capacitances of 1,000 to 1,500 farads per cubic centimetre with great cyclability, but only in thin films. Recently, electrodes made of two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2, a member of the 'MXene' family), produced by etching aluminium from titanium aluminium carbide (Ti3AlC2, a 'MAX' phase) in concentrated hydrofluoric acid, have been shown to have volumetric capacitances of over 300 farads per cubic centimetre. Here we report a method of producing this material using a solution of lithium fluoride and hydrochloric acid. The resulting hydrophilic material swells in volume when hydrated, and can be shaped like clay and dried into a highly conductive solid or rolled into films tens of micrometres thick. Additive-free films of this titanium carbide 'clay' have volumetric capacitances of up to 900 farads per cubic centimetre, with excellent cyclability and rate performances. This capacitance is almost twice that of our previous report, and our synthetic method also offers a much faster route to film production as well as the avoidance of handling hazardous concentrated hydrofluoric acid.
3,783 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that graphite oxide sheets can be converted by infrared laser irradiation into porous graphene sheets that are flexible, robust, and highly conductive, and hold promise for high-power, flexible electronics.
Abstract: Although electrochemical capacitors (ECs), also known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, charge and discharge faster than batteries, they are still limited by low energy densities and slow rate capabilities. We used a standard LightScribe DVD optical drive to do the direct laser reduction of graphite oxide films to graphene. The produced films are mechanically robust, show high electrical conductivity (1738 siemens per meter) and specific surface area (1520 square meters per gram), and can thus be used directly as EC electrodes without the need for binders or current collectors, as is the case for conventional ECs. Devices made with these electrodes exhibit ultrahigh energy density values in different electrolytes while maintaining the high power density and excellent cycle stability of ECs. Moreover, these ECs maintain excellent electrochemical attributes under high mechanical stress and thus hold promise for high-power, flexible electronics.
3,603 citations
TL;DR: The mechanical flexibility and easy coating capability offered by MXenes and their composites enable them to shield surfaces of any shape while providing high EMI shielding efficiency.
Abstract: Materials with good flexibility and high conductivity that can provide electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding with minimal thickness are highly desirable, especially if they can be easily processed into films. Two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides, known as MXenes, combine metallic conductivity and hydrophilic surfaces. Here, we demonstrate the potential of several MXenes and their polymer composites for EMI shielding. A 45-micrometer-thick Ti3C2Tx film exhibited EMI shielding effectiveness of 92 decibels (>50 decibels for a 2.5-micrometer film), which is the highest among synthetic materials of comparable thickness produced to date. This performance originates from the excellent electrical conductivity of Ti3C2Tx films (4600 Siemens per centimeter) and multiple internal reflections from Ti3C2Tx flakes in free-standing films. The mechanical flexibility and easy coating capability offered by MXenes and their composites enable them to shield surfaces of any shape while providing high EMI shielding efficiency.
3,251 citations
TL;DR: Two-dimensional transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides (MXenes) were discovered in 2011 and more than 20 different compositions have been synthesized by the selective etching of MAX phase and other precursors and many more theoretically predicted as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides (MXenes) were discovered in 2011. Since the original discovery, more than 20 different compositions have been synthesized by the selective etching of MAX phase and other precursors and many more theoretically predicted. They offer a variety of different properties, making the family promising candidates in a wide range of applications, such as energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding, water purification, electrocatalysis, and medicine. These solution-processable materials have the potential to be highly scalable, deposited by spin, spray, or dip coating, painted or printed, or fabricated in a variety of ways. Due to this promise, the amount of research on MXenes has been increasing, and methods of synthesis and processing are expanding quickly. The fast evolution of the material can also be noticed in the wide range of synthesis and processing protocols that determine the yield of delamination, as well as the quality...
2,559 citations