Superconducting options for final optics magnets for the Heavy Ion Driver in Inertial Fusion Energy
06 Feb 2003-
About: The article was published on 2003-02-06 and is currently open access. It has received None citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Fusion power.
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of the most outstanding achievements in the fabrication of superconducting wires from Y-123 has been presented, with or without the aid of buffer layers.
Abstract: It is now a widespread view that a high-Jc superconducting wire with a high performance under strong magnetic fields at liquid-nitrogen temperature needs to be realized by the material Y-123. However, because of the weak linking nature of this material, the fabrication of the wire must be based on a coated-conductor process to achieve a highly textured Y-123 thin film on a long starting wire tape. Various attempts to obtain a textured substrate with sizable length have been made by various methods, with or without the aid of buffer layers. Approaches to the fabrication of an epitaxial thin film of Y-123 have also been made from vapour, liquid, or solid phases by different methods. Therefore, combinations of these proposed processes in each category have led to several promising on-going worldwide approaches to achieve the realization of practical coated superconducting wires in the near future. This review focuses on the most outstanding achievements in Japan.
102 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a double perovskite was found to be formed when up to 1% uranium oxide is added to YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7− δ (Y123) prior to texturing.
Abstract: A study has been made of compounds formed when up to 1% uranium oxide is added to YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7− δ (Y123), prior to texturing. Initially, the study was to create pinning centers by addition of UO 4 , followed by neutron fission of some of the 235 U component. It was found that, prior to fission, the chemical reaction of U provides sufficient pinning centers to approximately double J c . The U forms in deposits about 300 nm in diameter. The number of such deposits is proportional to the mass of U. TEM and XRD studies identify the compound as (U 0.6 Pt 0.4 )YBa 2 O 6 , a double perovskite. Neither T c nor creep vary with %U. The uranium compound has also been produced outside of Y123. The behavior of uranium in high temperature superconductor (HTS) is thus of interest not only for introducing pinning centers by neutron fission of U but also as an effective chemical method to increase J c .
37 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance and reliability testing of Bi-2223 tapes are reported. And the authors discuss the electrical, tensile, compression, and fatigue testing results of tapes manufactured for specific key projects.
Abstract: High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are widely considered for large power applications used by industrial end-users and electric utilities. The prominent application areas include power transmission cables, electric motors, generators, current limiters, and transformers. The promising design concepts rely on HTS to be a flexible composite conductor, robust enough to handle an industrial environment. Currently, the most advanced manufacturing method for flexible composite conductor is the Bi-2223-OPIT, used by many organizations. Significant advances in HTS technology have been made, with average critical current performance above 115 A at 77 K which is equivalent to an engineering current density of 13.8 kA/cm/sup 2/. During the past 18 months, American Superconductor increased its HTS wire manufacturing capacity from 250 km to 500 km per year to meet the increased demand for development and demonstrations. While this level of quality and quantity enables impressive demonstrations of prototype power applications, it does not fully meet the requirements of commercial economic viability. Therefore, to further decrease wire price to $50/kA-m, American Superconductor is currently siting a new facility dedicated to the manufacturing of Bi-OPIT-2223 wire in quantities of 10000 km per year. Initial applications for this wire are power transmission cables, industrial motors and electrical generators. This paper will report on the performance and reliability testing of Bi-2223 tapes. We will discuss the electrical, tensile, compression, and fatigue testing results of tapes manufactured for specific key projects. Also, we will review mass availability of High Temperature Superconductors and we will report on technological and price/performance limitations to be overcome to increase the applicability of HTS in research and industrial devices and equipment.
33 citations
"Superconducting options for final o..." refers background in this paper
...Cost as low as $50/kg for the magnet could be feasible. [ Masur ]...
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present general expressions for estimating the values of integrated field and integrated field gradient as functions of design parameters, and summarize the results of multipole content of the magnet fields as measured with a rotating coil apparatus.
Abstract: Air-core printed-circuit (PC) quadrupoles and dipoles have been developed for the University of Maryland electron ring, currently under construction. The quadrupoles and dipoles are characterized by very small magnetic fields (about 15 G at the aperture edge) and small aspect ratios (length/diameter $l1$). We review the theory behind the design of the PC lenses and bending elements, and present general expressions for estimating the values of integrated field and integrated field gradient as functions of design parameters. The new quadrupole magnet represents an improvement over an earlier version which was based on an empirical approach. Further, we summarize the results of multipole content of the magnet fields as measured with a rotating coil apparatus of special construction. The results are compared with calculations with an iron-free magnetics code and are related to different types of errors in the manufacture and assembly of the PC magnets.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, various types of organic as well as organic/inorganic hybrid material compositions containing a ceramic fiber fabric as a ceramic and an epoxy matrix were irradiated at ambient temperature in the TRIGA reactor (Vienna) up to neutron fluences of 1021, 1022 and 5×1022m−2 (E>0.1
Abstract: Because of their excellent electrical and mechanical material performance, organic and organic/inorganic hybrid materials are candidate insulation systems for fusion magnets. Wrappable inorganic insulation systems combine the high strength and modulus of a ceramic composite with the simple processing of an organic insulation system. Various types of organic as well as organic/inorganic hybrid material compositions containing a ceramic fiber fabric as well as a ceramic and an epoxy matrix were irradiated at ambient temperature in the TRIGA reactor (Vienna) up to neutron fluences of 1021, 1022 and 5×1022 m−2 (E>0.1 MeV). Tensile, short-beam-shear and double-lap-shear tests were performed at 77 K. The influence of reactor irradiation on the mechanical material performance will be presented for different compositions of these materials.
17 citations