Open accessJournal Article

# Superconformal Bondi-Metzner-Sachs Algebra in Three Dimensions

04 Mar 2021-Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society)-Vol. 126, Iss: 9, pp 091602-091602
Abstract: The conformal extension of the ${\mathrm{BMS}}_{3}$ algebra is constructed. Apart from an infinite number of superdilatations,'' in order to incorporate superspecial conformal transformations, the commutator of the latter with supertranslations strictly requires the presence of nonlinear terms in the remaining generators. The algebra appears to be very rigid, in the sense that its central extensions as well as the coefficients of the nonlinear terms become determined by the central charge of the Virasoro subalgebra. The wedge algebra corresponds to the conformal group in three spacetime dimensions SO(3,2), so that the full algebra can also be interpreted as an infinite-dimensional nonlinear extension of the ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{4}$ algebra with nontrivial central charges. Moreover, since the Lorentz subalgebra [$sl(2,R)$] is nonprincipally embedded within the conformal (wedge) algebra, according to the conformal weight of the generators, the conformal extension of ${\mathrm{BMS}}_{3}$ can be further regarded as a ${W}_{(2,2,2,1)}$ algebra. An explicit canonical realization of the conformal extension of ${\mathrm{BMS}}_{3}$ is then shown to emerge from the asymptotic structure of conformal gravity in three dimensions, endowed with a new set of boundary conditions. The supersymmetric extension is also briefly addressed.

Topics: Conformal gravity (67%), Subalgebra (58%), Conformal group (57%) ... show more
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Open accessJournal Article
07 Sep 2021-Physical Review D
Abstract: We present a consistent way of coupling three-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons gravity theory with massless spin-$\frac{5}{2}$ gauge fields. We first introduce the simplest hyper-Maxwell-Chern-Simons gravity generically containing two massless spin-2 fields coupled with a massless Majorana fermion of spin $\frac{5}{2}$ whose novel underlying superalgebra is explicitly constructed. We then present three alternative hypersymmetric extensions of the Maxwell algebra which are shown to emerge from the In\"on\"u-Wigner contraction procedure of precise combinations of the $\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{p}(1|4)$ and the $\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{p}(4)$ algebras. This allows us to construct distinct types of hyper-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theories that extend to include generically interacting nonpropagating spin-4 fields accompanied by one or two spin-$\frac{5}{2}$ gauge fields.

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4 Citations

Open accessPosted Content
Abstract: The conformal symmetry algebra in 2D (Diff($S^{1}$)$\oplus$Diff($S^{1}$)) is shown to be related to its ultra/non-relativistic version (BMS$_{3}$$\approxGCA_{2}) through a nonlinear map of the generators, without any sort of limiting process. For a generic classical CFT_{2}, the BMS_{3} generators then emerge as composites built out from the chiral (holomorphic) components of the stress-energy tensor, T and \bar{T}, closing in the Poisson brackets at equal time slices. Nevertheless, supertranslation generators do not span Noetherian symmetries. BMS_{3} becomes a bona fide symmetry once the CFT_{2} is marginally deformed by the addition of a \sqrt{T\bar{T}} term to the Hamiltonian. The generic deformed theory is manifestly invariant under diffeomorphisms and local scalings, but it is no longer a CFT_{2} because its energy and momentum densities fulfill the BMS_{3} algebra. The deformation can also be described through the original CFT_{2} on a curved metric whose Beltrami differentials are determined by the variation of the deformed Hamiltonian with respect to T and \bar{T}. BMS_{3} symmetries then arise from deformed conformal Killing equations, corresponding to diffeomorphisms that preserve the deformed metric and stress-energy tensor up to local scalings. As an example, we briefly address the deformation of \mathrm{N} free bosons, which coincides with ultra-relativistic limits only for \mathrm{N}=1. Furthermore, Cardy formula and the S-modular transformation of the torus become mapped to their corresponding BMS_{3} (or flat) versions. ... read more Topics: Conformal symmetry (50%) 1 Citations Open accessJournal Article Abstract: In this paper we study quantum group deformations of the infinite dimensional symmetry algebra of asymptotically AdS spacetimes in three dimensions. Building on previous results in the finite dimensional subalgebras we classify all possible Lie bialgebra structures and for selected examples we explicitely construct the related Hopf algebras. Using cohomological arguments we show that this construction can always be performed by a so-called twist deformation. The resulting structures can be compared to the well-known κ-Poincare Hopf algebras constructed on the finite dimensional Poincare or (anti) de Sitter algebra. The dual κ Minkowski spacetime is supposed to describe a specific non-commutative geometry. Importantly, we find that some incarnations of the κ-Poincare can not be extended consistently to the infinite dimensional algebras. Furthermore, certain deformations can have potential physical applications if subalgebras are considered. Since the conserved charges associated with asymptotic symmetries in 3-dimensional form a centrally extended algebra we also discuss briefly deformations of such algebras. The presence of the full symmetry algebra might have observable consequences that could be used to rule out these deformations. ... read more Topics: Quantum group (65%), Hopf algebra (64%), Lie bialgebra (57%) ... show more Open accessPosted Content Martin Enriquez-Rojo1, H. R. SafariInstitutions (1) Abstract: We investigate the deformations and rigidity of boundary Heisenberg-like algebras. In particular, we focus on the Heisenberg and \text{Heisenberg}\oplus\mathfrak{witt} algebras which arise as symmetry algebras in three-dimensional gravity theories. Their deformations include multiple asymptotic and boundary symmetry algebras previously obtained in the literature, supporting the idea that symmetry algebras associated to diverse boundary conditions and spacetime loci are algebraically interconnected. The deformation/contraction relationships between the new algebras are investigated. In addition, it is also shown that the deformation procedure reaches new algebras inaccessible to the Sugawara construction. As a byproduct of our analysis, we obtain that \text{Heisenberg}\oplus\mathfrak{witt} and the asymptotic symmetry algebra Weyl-\mathfrak{bms}_3 are not connected via single deformation but in a more subtle way. ... read more Topics: Boundary (topology) (51%) Open accessJournal Article Abstract: The conformal symmetry algebra in 2D (Diff(S1)⊕Diff(S1)) is shown to be related to its ultra/non-relativistic version (BMS3≈GCA2) through a nonlinear map of the generators, without any sort of limiting process. For a generic classical CFT2, the BMS3 generators then emerge as composites built out from the chiral (holomorphic) components of the stress-energy tensor, T and$$ \overline{T} $$, closing in the Poisson brackets at equal time slices. Nevertheless, supertranslation generators do not span Noetherian symmetries. BMS3 becomes a bona fide symmetry once the CFT2 is marginally deformed by the addition of a$$ \sqrt{T\overline{T}} $$term to the Hamiltonian. The generic deformed theory is manifestly invariant under diffeomorphisms and local scalings, but it is no longer a CFT2 because its energy and momentum densities fulfill the BMS3 algebra. The deformation can also be described through the original CFT2 on a curved metric whose Beltrami differentials are determined by the variation of the deformed Hamiltonian with respect to T and$$ \overline{T}$\$ . BMS3 symmetries then arise from deformed conformal Killing equations, corresponding to diffeomorphisms that preserve the deformed metric and stress-energy tensor up to local scalings. As an example, we briefly address the deformation of N free bosons, which coincides with ultra-relativistic limits only for N = 1. Furthermore, Cardy formula and the S-modular transformation of the torus become mapped to their corresponding BMS3 (or flat) versions.

Topics: Conformal symmetry (55%), ,  ... show more

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Open accessBook
13 Dec 1996-
Abstract: Filling an important gap in the literature, this comprehensive text develops conformal field theory from first principles. The treatment is self-contained, pedagogical, and exhaustive, and includes a great deal of background material on quantum field theory, statistical mechanics, Lie algebras and affine Lie algebras. The many exercises, with a wide spectrum of difficulty and subjects, complement and in many cases extend the text. The text is thus not only an excellent tool for classroom teaching but also for individual study. Intended primarily for graduate students and researchers in theoretical high-energy physics, mathematical physics, condensed matter theory, statistical physics, the book will also be of interest in other areas of theoretical physics and mathematics. It will prepare the reader for original research in this very active field of theoretical and mathematical physics.

Topics: , , Primary field (56%) ... show more

3,321 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
Ofer Aharony1, Oren Bergman2, Oren Bergman3, Daniel L. Jafferis4  +1 moreInstitutions (4)
Abstract: We construct three dimensional Chern-Simons-matter theories with gauge groups U(N) × U(N) and SU(N) × SU(N) which have explicit = 6 superconformal symmetry. Using brane constructions we argue that the U(N) × U(N) theory at level k describes the low energy limit of N M2-branes probing a C4/Zk singularity. At large N the theory is then dual to M-theory on AdS4 × S7/Zk. The theory also has a 't Hooft limit (of large N with a fixed ratio N/k) which is dual to type IIA string theory on AdS4 × CP3. For k = 1 the theory is conjectured to describe N M2-branes in flat space, although our construction realizes explicitly only six of the eight supersymmetries. We give some evidence for this conjecture, which is similar to the evidence for mirror symmetry in d = 3 gauge theories. When the gauge group is SU(2) × SU(2) our theory has extra symmetries and becomes identical to the Bagger-Lambert theory.

Topics: 1/N expansion (61%), Gauge theory (58%), 3D mirror symmetry (56%) ... show more

2,963 Citations

Journal Article
Hans Peter Nilles1, Hans Peter Nilles2Institutions (2)
01 Aug 1984-Physics Reports
Abstract: We give a short introduction to N = 1 supersymmetry and supergravity and review the attempts to construct models in which the breakdown scale of the weak interactions is related to supersymmetry breaking.

Topics: , Supergravity (70%), Gravitino (64%) ... show more

2,938 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
01 Jan 1985-Physics Reports
Abstract: In this paper we survey methods by which supersymmetry (or other new physics) could be observed in experiments at present and future accelerators. We review some of the motivation for supposing supersymmetry might be a symmetry of nature even though there is presently no evidence for it. We try to systematize the necessary new notation, and discuss in some detail how to calculate results, with considerable emphasis on pedagogical completeness. We summarize present limits on the existence of supersymmetric partners of ordinary particles, and show how to get improved quantitative limits if supersymmetric particles are not detected, so that eventually it is possible to be sure they are either detected or do not exist on the mass scale accessible to experiments.

Topics: Supersymmetry (57%), Gluino (56%),  ... show more

2,697 Citations

Open accessBook Chapter
Abstract: I provide a pedagogical introduction to supersymmetry. The level of discussion is aimed at readers who are familiar with the Standard Model and quantum field theory, but who have had little or no prior exposure to supersymmetry. Topics covered include: motivations for supersymmetry, the construction of supersymmetric Lagrangians, superspace and superfields, soft supersymmetry-breaking interactions, the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), R-parity and its consequences, the origins of supersymmetry breaking, the mass spectrum of the MSSM, decays of supersymmetric particles, experimental signals for supersymmetry, and some extensions of the minimal framework.

Topics: , Supersymmetry (68%),  ... show more

2,222 Citations

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