Superior Performance of Silver Bismuth Iodide Photovoltaics Fabricated via Dynamic Hot‐Casting Method under Ambient Conditions
About: This article is published in Advanced Energy Materials.The article was published on 2018-11-01. It has received 66 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Casting (metalworking).
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TL;DR: The design rules for lead-free perovskite materials with structural dimensions from 3D to 0D are presented, and the relationships between the structures and fundamental properties are summarized, including optical, electric, and magnetic-related properties.
Abstract: Lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising semiconducting materials for different applications owing to their superior optoelectronic properties. Although the community holds different views toward the toxic lead in these high-performance perovskites, it is certainly preferred to replace lead with nontoxic, or at least less-toxic, elements while maintaining the superior properties. Here, the design rules for lead-free perovskite materials with structural dimensions from 3D to 0D are presented. Recent progress in lead-free halide perovskites is reviewed, and the relationships between the structures and fundamental properties are summarized, including optical, electric, and magnetic-related properties. 3D perovskites, especially A2 B+ B3+ X6 -type double perovskites, demonstrate very promising optoelectronic prospects, while low-dimensional perovskites show rich structural diversity, resulting in abundant properties for optical, electric, magnetic, and multifunctional applications. Furthermore, based on these structure-property relationships, strategies for multifunctional perovskite design are proposed. The challenges and future directions of lead-free perovskite applications are also highlighted, with emphasis on materials development and device fabrication. The research on lead-free halide perovskites at Linkoping University has benefited from inspirational discussions with Prof. Olle Inganas.
170 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the recent advancement of various LFHP materials and their applications in photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors and other devices.
108 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of lead-free bismuth/antimony halide perovskites and their derivatives is presented, with special attention devoted to the description of the crystal structures, thin film preparation methods and performances in real devices.
Abstract: In the past decade, lead halide perovskites experienced impressive progress in photovoltaics with the certified device conversion efficiency over 25%, owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. However, the toxicity and environmental instability of the core lead halide materials would strongly limit their commercialization. Within this scenario, research investigations directed at assessing the properties and opportunities offered by emerging lead-free halide perovskites are becoming everyday more relevant to pinpoint new low-cost/low-toxicity solutions for solar-to-electricity conversion. In this review, group VA metal halide based perovskites, namely those of bismuth (Bi) and antimony (Sb), and their derivatives with different valence states are classified based on the formulae A3B2X9 and A2AgBX6, also known as double perovskites, and AgaBibXa+3b, called rudorffites (A = MA, FA, Cs, Rb, etc.; B = Bi, Sb; X = I, Br, Cl). Here, we summarize the recent progress in the exploitation of these materials, with special attention devoted to the description of the crystal structures, thin film preparation methods and performances in real devices, including both theoretical insights and experimental observations. With this survey, we are able to provide reasonable perspectives for the future development of high-performance photovoltaic devices based on lead-free bismuth/antimony halide based perovskites and their derivatives.
106 citations
104 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors constructed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) bismuth-based perovskite solar cells with the photoactive layer consisting of in-situ phase-separated Cs3Bi2I9 and Ag3Bi 2I9 components, achieving a record efficiency of approximate 3.6% and an unprecedented opencircuit voltage reaching 0.89 V.
89 citations
References
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TL;DR: A bilayer architecture comprising the key features of mesoscopic and planar structures obtained by a fully solution-based process is reported, providing important progress towards the understanding of the role of solution-processing in the realization of low-cost and highly efficient perovskite solar cells.
Abstract: The performance of solar cells based on organic–inorganic perovskites strongly depends on the device architecture and processing conditions. It is now shown that solvent engineering enables the deposition of very dense perovskite layers on mesoporous titania, leading to photovoltaic devices with a high light-conversion efficiency and no hysteresis.
5,684 citations
TL;DR: A perovskite solar cell that uses a double layer of mesoporous TiO2 and ZrO2 as a scaffold infiltrated with perovSkite and does not require a hole-conducting layer is fabricated and achieves a certified power conversion efficiency of 12.8%.
Abstract: We fabricated a perovskite solar cell that uses a double layer of mesoporous TiO2 and ZrO2 as a scaffold infiltrated with perovskite and does not require a hole-conducting layer. The perovskite was produced by drop-casting a solution of PbI2, methylammonium (MA) iodide, and 5-ammoniumvaleric acid (5-AVA) iodide through a porous carbon film. The 5-AVA templating created mixed-cation perovskite (5-AVA)x(MA)1- xPbI3 crystals with lower defect concentration and better pore filling as well as more complete contact with the TiO2 scaffold, resulting in a longer exciton lifetime and a higher quantum yield for photoinduced charge separation as compared to MAPbI3. The cell achieved a certified power conversion efficiency of 12.8% and was stable for >1000 hours in ambient air under full sunlight.
2,639 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, perovskite solar cells containing tin rather than lead were reported, which have a power conversion efficiency of 5.7% and retain 80% of their performance over a period of 12 hours.
Abstract: Perovskite solar cells containing tin rather than lead, which is usually employed, are reported. These cells have a power conversion efficiency of 5.7% and retain 80% of their performance over a period of 12 hours.
2,304 citations
TL;DR: It is reported that flat, uniform thin films of this material can be deposited by a one-step, solvent-induced, fast crystallization method involving spin-coating of a DMF solution of CH3NH3PbI3 followed immediately by exposure to chlorobenzene to induce crystallization.
Abstract: Thin-film photovoltaics based on alkylammonium lead iodide perovskite light absorbers have recently emerged as a promising low-cost solar energy harvesting technology. To date, the perovskite layer in these efficient solar cells has generally been fabricated by either vapor deposition or a two-step sequential deposition process. We report that flat, uniform thin films of this material can be deposited by a one-step, solvent-induced, fast crystallization method involving spin-coating of a DMF solution of CH3NH3PbI3 followed immediately by exposure to chlorobenzene to induce crystallization. Analysis of the devices and films revealed that the perovskite films consist of large crystalline grains with sizes up to microns. Planar heterojunction solar cells constructed with these solution-processed thin films yielded an average power conversion efficiency of 13.9±0.7% and a steady state efficiency of 13% under standard AM 1.5 conditions.
1,554 citations
TL;DR: The experimental photocurrents reveal all the characteristics of a space-charge limited photocurrent: a one-half power dependence on voltage, a three-quarter power dependent on light intensity, and a one half power scaling of the voltage at which the photocurrent switches into full saturation with light intensity.
Abstract: In 1971 Goodman and Rose predicted the occurrence of a fundamental electrostatic limit for the photocurrent in semiconductors at high light intensities. Blends of conjugated polymers and fullerenes are an ideal model system to observe this space-charge limit experimentally, since they combine an unbalanced charge transport, long lifetimes, high charge carrier generation efficiencies, and low mobility of the slowest charge carrier. The experimental photocurrents reveal all the characteristics of a space-charge limited photocurrent: a one-half power dependence on voltage, a three-quarter power dependence on light intensity, and a one-half power scaling of the voltage at which the photocurrent switches into full saturation with light intensity.
1,008 citations