Supply-side Territoriality: reshaping a geopolitical project according to economic means
TL;DR: In this article, a series of suburban settlements adjacent to the border with the occupied West-Bank which illustrate the increasing privatisation of the Israeli settlement mechanism is discussed. But the authors focus on the development of the "Stars" and do not consider the economic feasibility of the private sector.
Abstract: The ‘Stars’ are series of suburban settlements adjacent to the border with the occupied West-Bank which illustrate the increasing privatisation of the Israeli settlement mechanism. Unlike earlier examples, which were dictated by pioneer ideology or individualistic attempts to achieve better living standards, during the 1990s the state adopted a supply-side territorial policy, which tried to ensure the continuation of its geopolitical project by securing the economic feasibility of the private sector. Analysing the development of the ‘Stars’, this paper sheds light on the privatisation and commodification of the Israeli settlement mechanism and with it the transformation of its spatial product.
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01 Jan 2016
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271 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore how local culture may curb the homogenizing forces of globalization in the diffusion of planning ideas, given that the built environment is constructed both physically and cultu...
Abstract: This paper explores how local culture may curb the homogenizing forces of globalization in the diffusion of planning ideas. Given that the built environment is constructed both physically and cultu...
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on Kochav-Yair and Oranit, two localities that exemplify the Israeli Suburban Settlement phenomenon, and analyze the planning and construction process of both case studies, as well as their spatial characteristics.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the overlooked reality of large, state-sponsored suburban settlements, and in particular on the role of the Israeli Ministry of Housing in their establishment between the mid-1970s and the early 1990s.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors focus on the overlooked reality of large, state-sponsored suburban settlements, and in particular on the role of the Israeli Ministry of Housing in their establishment between the mid-1970s and the early 1990s.
Abstract: Israel's West Bank settlements are a central point of contention in the dynamics of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Overall, however, their rapid proliferation has been generally understood through the lens of an ideologically centered approach that highlights, specifically, the centrality of the national religious settlers' movement. Against this background, the article focuses on the overlooked reality of large, state-sponsored suburban settlements – and in particular on the role of the Israeli Ministry of Housing in their establishment between the mid-1970s and the early 1990s. Building on contributions in the field of political economy and political geography, we conceive the actions of the Ministry in the occupied West Bank as a result of a broader strategy of spatial restructuring. By considering both economic and political imperatives underlying this strategy, our analysis offers a more comprehensive assessment of the factors behind Israel's settlement policy. Drawing on a broad range of empirical sources, from archival material to in-depth interviews with Israeli planners, we argue that the proliferation of settlements has been largely the outcome of a process of metropolitanization – i.e. of the dynamics of urban development of Israel's main metropolitan centers and the adoption of a new, post-Keynesian policy paradigm based on market-oriented economic development. This process has constituted a major factor for the settlements' growth and, ultimately, in the emergence and naturalization of a new territorial configuration in the area of Israel/Palestine.
5 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: The Neoliberal State and Neoliberalism with 'Chinese Characteristics' as mentioned in this paper is an example of the Neoliberal state in the context of Chinese characteristics of Chinese people and its relationship with Chinese culture.
Abstract: Introduction 1 Freedom's Just Another Word 2 The Construction of Consent 3 The Neoliberal State 4 Uneven Geographical Developments 5 Neoliberalism with 'Chinese Characteristics' 6 Neoliberalism on Trial 7 Freedom's Prospect Notes Bibliography Index
10,062 citations
8,455 citations
"Supply-side Territoriality: reshapi..." refers background in this paper
...…antithesis to post-war western economics, the neoliberal turn, according to Harvey, is the return to power of the pre-war economic elites, whose control of the market decreased during the 1950–60s and were now able to restore their status on the expense of that of the state (Harvey, 2005, p. 201)....
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...Thus, though neoliberal economies advocate for reduced state involvement, these spatial fixes, are state-directed ‘special interventions’ meant to encourage the needed ‘“investment climate” for capitalistic endeavours’(Harvey, 2005, p. 70)....
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...Unlike the post-war FordistKeynesian state that saw the welfare of the working middle-class, the demanding side, as the main facilitator of economic growth, the new perspective focused on securing the interests of the producers, the supplying-side (Harvey, 2005, p. 22)....
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TL;DR: In this article, a critical geographical perspective on neoliberalism is presented, emphasizing the path-dependent character of neoliberal reform projects and the strategic role of cities in the contemporary remaking of political-economic space.
Abstract: This essay elaborates a critical geographical perspective on neoliberalism that emphasizes (a) the path–dependent character of neoliberal reform projects and (b) the strategic role of cities in the contemporary remaking of political–economic space. We begin by presenting the methodological foundations for an approach to the geographies of what we term “actually existing neoliberalism.” In contrast to neoliberal ideology, in which market forces are assumed to operate according to immutable laws no matter where they are “unleashed,” we emphasize the contextual embeddedness of neoliberal restructuring projects insofar as they have been produced within national, regional, and local contexts defined by the legacies of inherited institutional frameworks, policy regimes, regulatory practices, and political struggles. An adequate understanding of actually existing neoliberalism must therefore explore the path–dependent, contextually specific interactions between inherited regulatory landscapes and emergent neoliberal, market–oriented restructuring projects at a broad range of geographical scales. These considerations lead to a conceptualization of contemporary neoliberalization processes as catalysts and expressions of an ongoing creative destruction of political–economic space at multiple geographical scales. While the neoliberal restructuring projects of the last two decades have not established a coherent basis for sustainable capitalist growth, it can be argued that they have nonetheless profoundly reworked the institutional infrastructures upon which Fordist–Keynesian capitalism was grounded. The concept of creative destruction is presented as a useful means for describing the geographically uneven, socially regressive, and politically volatile trajectories of institutional/spatial change that have been crystallizing under these conditions. The essay concludes by discussing the role of urban spaces within the contradictory and chronically unstable geographies of actually existing neoliberalism. Throughout the advanced capitalist world, we suggest, cities have become strategically crucial geographical arenas in which a variety of neoliberal initiatives—along with closely intertwined strategies of crisis displacement and crisis management—have been articulated.
2,818 citations
"Supply-side Territoriality: reshapi..." refers background in this paper
...This transition was an outcome of a variety of stateinitiated measures, policies and deregulations that promoted a ‘process of market-driven social and spatial transformation’(Brenner & Theodore, 2002, p. 352) intended to ‘enabling the markets to work’(Rolnik, 2019, p. 20)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1982
TL;DR: The Limits to Capital as mentioned in this paper is a theory of capital that links a general Marxian theory of financial and geographical crises with the incredible turmoil now being experienced in world markets, and provides one of the best theoretical guides to the contradictory forms found in the historical and geographical dynamics of capitalist development.
Abstract: On its first appearance in 1982, David Harvey's "Limits to Capital" was described in "Monthly Review" as 'a unique and insightful theory of capital', and praised in Environment and Planning as 'a magnificent achievement, [one of] the most complete, readable, lucid and least partisan exegesis, critique and extension of Marx's mature political economy available.' This new edition links a general Marxian theory of financial and geographical crises with the incredible turmoil now being experienced in world markets. In his analyses of 'fictitious capital' and 'uneven geographical development, ' Harvey takes the reader step by step through layers of crisis formation, beginning with Marx's controversial argument concerning the falling rate of profit, moving through crises of credit and finance, and closing with a timely analysis of geo-political and geographical considerations. Recently referred to by Fredric Jameson in "New Left Review" as a 'magisterial work, ' "The Limits to Capital" provides one of the best theoretical guides to the contradictory forms found in the historical and geographical dynamics of capitalist development.
2,764 citations
TL;DR: Even when political rule is territorial, territoriality does not necessarily entail the practices of total mutual exclusion which dominant understandings of the modern territorial state attribute to it as discussed by the authors, however, when the territoriality of the state is debated by international relations theorists, the discussion is overwhelmingly in terms of the persistence or obsolescence of the territorial state as an unchanging entity rather than in the terms of its significance and meaning in different historical-geographical circumstances.
Abstract: Even when political rule is territorial, territoriality does not necessarily entail the practices of total mutual exclusion which dominant understandings of the modern territorial state attribute to it. However, when the territoriality of the state is debated by international relations theorists the discussion is overwhelmingly in terms of the persistence or obsolescence of the territorial state as an unchanging entity rather than in terms of its significance and meaning in different historical‐geographical circumstances. Contemporary events call this approach into question. The end of the Cold War, the increased velocity and volatility of the world economy, and the emergence of political movements outside the framework of territorial states, suggest the need to consider the territoriality of states in historical context. Conventional thinking relies on three geographical assumptions ‐ states as fixed units of sovereign space, the domestic/foreign polarity, and states as ‘containers’ of societies...
1,754 citations
"Supply-side Territoriality: reshapi..." refers background in this paper
...Agnew, refers to this as the ‘territorial trap’, which is the popular fusion of the idea of a sovereign state and its fixed bounded territory, separating between domestic and foreign political spaces and forming containers of societies (Agnew, 1994, p. 56)....
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...The use of economic power to reinforce political rule is a common historical practice, as noted by Agnew; describing mercantilism as the ‘subordination of the economic to the political’(Agnew, 1994, p. 73)....
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