SVM classification of EEG signal to analyze the effect of OM Mantra meditation on the brain
01 Dec 2019-
TL;DR: Results show the significant changes in the delta band which represent the brain in deep sleep which gives the experience of deep sleep in Om mantra meditation.
Abstract: Meditation can significantly contribute to improving physical and mental health in modern stressful life. "OM" mantra is very easy to practice for meditation .This study is undertaken to classify the EEG band to observe abrupt changes in band as an effect of Om mantra meditation. Twenty-three naive meditators were experimented to chant OM mantra for 30 min and EEG signal recorded before and after meditation. The stationary wavelet transform is used to exact five bands from the EEG. The different statistical features were calculated. SVM classifier with Radial Basis Kernel is employed to classify the band. Results show the significant changes in the delta band which represent the brain in deep sleep. Thus OM meditation gives the experience of deep sleep. Thus study can be helpful to give new direction towards the meditation.
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TL;DR: This study proposed a signal preprocessing and feature extraction method for EEG classification that consists of removing the artifacts by using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) as an ideal filter for specific frequencies.
Abstract: A crucial part of the brain-computer interface is a classification of electroencephalography (EEG) motor tasks. Artifacts such as eye and muscle movements corrupt EEG signal and reduce the classification performance. Many studies try to extract not redundant and discriminative features from EEG signals. Therefore, this study proposed a signal preprocessing and feature extraction method for EEG classification. It consists of removing the artifacts by using discrete fourier transform (DFT) as an ideal filter for specific frequencies. It also cross-correlates the EEG channels with the effective channels to emphases the EEG motor signals. Then the resultant from cross correlation are statistical calculated to extract feature for classifying a left and right finger movements using support vector machine (SVM). The genetic algorithm was applied to find the discriminative frequencies of DFT for the two EEG classes signal. The performance of the proposed method was determined by finger movement classification of 13 subjects and the experiments show that the average accuracy is above 93 percent.
24 citations
TL;DR: There is no versatile device suitable for all purposes in the field of wellbeing support, and the WellAff system able to recognize affective states for wellbeing support is proposed.
Abstract: Wearables equipped with pervasive sensors enable us to monitor physiological and behavioral signals in our everyday life. We propose the WellAff system able to recognize affective states for wellbeing support. It also includes health care scenarios, in particular patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffering from bipolar disorders. For the need of a large-scale field study, we revised over 50 off-the-shelf devices in terms of usefulness for emotion, stress, meditation, sleep, and physical activity recognition and analysis. Their usability directly comes from the types of sensors they possess as well as the quality and availability of raw signals. We found there is no versatile device suitable for all purposes. Using Empatica E4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch, we have recorded physiological signals from 11 participants over many weeks. The gathered data enabled us to train a classifier that accurately recognizes strong affective states.
15 citations
Posted Content•
30 Apr 2020
TL;DR: There is no versatile device suitable for all purposes in recognition and analysis of emotion, stress, meditation, sleep, and physical activity in off-the-shelf devices revised.
Abstract: Wearables equipped with pervasive sensors enable us to monitor physiological and behavioral signals. In this study, we revised 55 off-the-shelf devices in recognition and analysis of emotion, stress, meditation, sleep, and physical activity, especially in field studies. Their usability directly comes from the types of sensors they possess as well as the quality and availability of raw signals. We found there is no versatile device suitable for all purposes. Empatica E4 and Microsoft Band 2 are good at emotion, stress, and together with Oura Ring at sleep research. Apple, Samsung, Garmin, and Fossil smart watches are proper in activity examination, while Muse and DREEM EEG headbands are suitable for meditation.
14 citations
TL;DR: The Objected-Oriented Bayesian Network (OOBN) application for risk assessment of the MOB scenario is presented, and the OOBN model is developed to probabilistically capture the key accident influencing factors in fragmented structures.
12 citations
07 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the WellAff system was proposed to recognize affective states for wellbeing support in patients suffering from bipolar disorder, in particular patients with chronic kidney disease and bipolar disorder.
Abstract: Wearables equipped with pervasive sensors enable us to monitor physiological and behavioral signals in our everyday life. We propose the WellAff system able to recognize affective states for wellbeing support. It also includes health care scenarios, in particular patients with chronic kidney disease suffering from bipolar disorders. For the need of a large-scale field study, we revised over 50 off-the-shelf devices in terms of usefulness for emotion, stress, meditation, sleep, and physical activity recognition and analysis. Their usability directly comes from the types of sensors they possess as well as the quality and availability of raw signals. We found there is no versatile device suitable for all purposes. Using Empatica E4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch, we have recorded physiological signals from 11 participants over many weeks. The gathered data enabled us to train a classifier that accurately recognizes strong affective states.
8 citations
References
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TL;DR: Changes in the Na wave suggest that both mediation on a meaningful symbol, and mental repetition of a neutral word cause neural changes at the same level (possibly diencephalic), however, the change could be in opposite directions.
Abstract: Middle latency auditory evoked potentials were recorded in 18 male volunteers with ages between 25 and 45 years, 9 of whom had more than 10 years of experience in "Om" meditation (senior subjects), whereas the other 9 had no meditation experience (naive subjects). Both groups were studied in two types of sessions. (1) Before, during, and after 20 minutes of mentally repeating "one" (control session), and (2) a similar session, though with 20 minutes of mentally chanting "Om" (meditation session). The senior subjects showed a statistically significant (paired t-test) increase in the peak amplitude of Na wave (the maximum negative peak between 14 and 18 ms) during meditation, while the same subjects showed a statistically significant reduction in the Na wave peak amplitude during control sessions. In contrast, the naive subjects had a significant decrease in the Na wave peak amplitude during meditation sessions and a nonsignificant trend of reduction during control sessions, as well. This difference between senior and naive subjects was significant (two-way ANOVA). There were no significant changes in short latency wave V or Pa wave (the positive peak between the Na wave and 35 ms). The changes in the Na wave suggest that both mediation on a meaningful symbol, and mental repetition of a neutral word cause neural changes at the same level (possibly diencephalic). However, the change could be in opposite directions, and this difference could be correlated with differences in the duration of experience in meditation between senior and naive subjects.
39 citations
"SVM classification of EEG signal to..." refers background in this paper
...Many researchers have found the effect of OM mantra meditation on human beings using an auditory middle latency evoked potentials [5-6], skin resistance level, heart rate, respiratory rate [7-8 ], Functional magnetic resonance imaging [9-12]....
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TL;DR: EEG, ECG and DT shows a significant decrement in mental stress and improvement in cognitive performance after SKY, indicating SKY as a good alternative of medication for stress management.
Abstract: Aim: The present study focuses on analyzing the effects of Sudarshan Kriya yoga (SKY) on EEG as well as ECG signals for stress regulation. To envision the regulation of stress Determination Test (DT) has been used. We have chosen a control group for contriving a cogent comparison that could be corroborated using statistical tests. Subjects and Methods: A total of 20 subjects were taken in the study, of which 10 were allotted to a control group. Electroencephalograph was taken during a DT task, before and after SKY the sky session with 30 days of SKY session given to the experimental group. No SKY was given to the control group. Results: We quantified mental stress using EEG, ECG and DT synergistically and used SKY to regulate it. We observed that alpha band power decreases in the frontal lobe of the brain with increasing mental stress while frontal brain asymmetry decreases with increasing stress tolerance. Conclusions: These EEG, ECG and DT shows a significant decrement in mental stress and improvement in cognitive performance after SKY, indicating SKY as a good alternative of medication for stress management.
35 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: This study established a classifier using EEG and respiration signals with a higher accuracy at discriminating between meditation and control conditions than one using the EEG signal only, and established a viable objective marker for meditation ability.
Abstract: Mindfulness meditation (MM) is an inward mental practice, in which a resting but alert state of mind is maintained. MM intervention was performed for a population of older people with high stress levels. This study assessed signal processing methodologies of electroencephalographic (EEG) and respiration signals during meditation and control condition to aid in quantification of the meditative state. EEG and respiration data were collected and analyzed on 34 novice meditators after a 6-week meditation intervention. Collected data were analyzed with spectral analysis and support vector machine classification to evaluate an objective marker for meditation. We observed meditation and control condition differences in the alpha, beta and theta frequency bands. Furthermore, we established a classifier using EEG and respiration signals with a higher accuracy at discriminating between meditation and control conditions than one using the EEG signal only. EEG and respiration based classifier is a viable objective marker for meditation ability. Future studies should quantify different levels of meditation depth and meditation experience using this classifier. Development of an objective physiological meditation marker will allow the mind-body medicine field to advance by strengthening rigor of methods.
32 citations
06 Mar 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of five sessions of Horizontal Rotation (HR) on human brainwaves synchronization using EEG signals were investigated and it was observed that after five sessions, brainwaves were more synchronized for all frequency bands with highest increment of 37% in Delta band while the lowest increment is at 6% for Theta band.
Abstract: This research investigates the effects of five sessions of Horizontal Rotation (HR) on human brainwaves synchronization using EEG. EEG signals were captured from 42 participants before and after undergoing HR using two-channel bipolar connection in a controlled environment. The signals were filtered and classified into the four frequency bands; Delta, Theta, Alpha and Beta. Graphs were plotted and paired T-test analysis was used to demonstrate the correlation between left and right brainwaves before and after HR to verify brainwave synchronization. It was observed that after five sessions of HR, brainwaves were more synchronized for all frequency bands with highest increment of 37% in Delta band while the lowest increment is at 6% for Theta band. Thus, there was evidence that HR could synchronize brainwaves.
24 citations
"SVM classification of EEG signal to..." refers background in this paper
...Delta and Theta band represent the brain in deep sleep and light sleep activity respectively [31-32]....
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TL;DR: The study argues for the potential role of loud ‘OM’ chanting in offering relaxation, and provides a new perspective of meditation to the naive meditators, which may help to demystify meditation and encourage those considering this as beneficial practice.
Abstract: Mantra meditation is easy to practice. “OM” Mantra is the highest sacred symbol in Hinduism. The present study investigated the temporal dynamics of oscillatory changes after OM mantra meditation. Twenty-three naive meditators were asked to perform loud OM chanting for 30 min and the EEG were subsequently recorded with closed eyes before and after it. To obtain new insights into the nature of the EEG after OM chanting, EEG signals were analyzed using spectral domain analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures of analysis of variance. It did not reveal any specific band involvement into OM mantra meditation. But significantly increase in theta power was found after meditation when averaged across all brain regions. This is the main effect of OM mantra meditation. However, the theta power showed higher theta amplitude after condition at all regions in comparison to the before condition of meditation. Finding was similar to other studies documenting reduction in cortical arousal during a state of relaxation. The study argues for the potential role of loud ‘OM’ chanting in offering relaxation. It provides a new perspective of meditation to the naive meditators. This information may help to demystify meditation and encourage those considering this as beneficial practice.
21 citations
"SVM classification of EEG signal to..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Second study [14] with FFT spectral analysis observed oscillatory changes in the standard frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, and beta) before and after OM chanting of 30 minutes....
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...In a previous study [14] [17] on OM mantra meditation shows the activity in the theta band and the present study on the same meditation reflects changes in the delta band....
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...Our studies [13-14] are the first EEG studies on Om mantra meditation....
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...Our previous two studies [14] [17] used a traditional method....
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