Synergetic effect during co-pyrolysis/gasification of biomass and sub-bituminous coal
TL;DR: In this article, the co-pyrolysis of Indonesian coal and two types of biomass, rice straw and Leucaena leucocepha wood, was studied using a drop tube fixed-bed reactor.
About: This article is published in Fuel Processing Technology.The article was published on 2013-11-01. It has received 287 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sub-bituminous coal & Coal.
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TL;DR: In this article, the options of converting sewage sludge to energy and fuel via three main thermochemical conversion processes namely pyrolysis, gasification and combustion are reviewed, and various alternative approaches deserving further consideration, such as the incorporation of pre-processing and co-utilization, are discussed.
Abstract: Sewage sludge, the inevitable by-product of municipal wastewater treatment plant operation, is a key issue in many countries due to its increasing volume and the impacts associated with its disposal. Thermochemical processing offers a new way of managing sewage sludge, not only by providing effective volume reduction, but also enabling transformation of carbon-rich organic fraction into valuable energy and fuel. Owing to some unique properties, sewage sludge differs from other solid fuels such as lignocellulosic biomass and coal, making its thermochemical conversion application somewhat complicated and challenging. This paper reviews the options of converting sewage sludge to energy and fuel via three main thermochemical conversion processes namely pyrolysis, gasification and combustion. The fundamental aspects of sewage sludge and its behaviour in each of thermochemical process are summarised. The challenges in adopting thermochemical conversion technology in sewage sludge management are addressed, and various alternative approaches deserving further consideration, such as the incorporation of pre-processing and co-utilisation, are discussed.
411 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of previous studies, recent advances, and future directions on co-pyrolysis of biomass and waste plastics for high-grade biofuel production particularly in China and elsewhere worldwide is presented.
374 citations
TL;DR: The potential of plastic wastes and coal materials as co-feed in co-pyrolysis to produce valuable liquid fuel is reviewed and the future directions for using this technique to obtain high yields of bio-oils are proposed.
242 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the synergy often encountered between the two feedstocks, proving co-gasification can overcome several of the individual gasification issues enhancing products quality and yields over biomass or wastes alone, and attesting its environmental-friendly character, with lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Abstract: Biomass is currently seen as a promising renewable energy source, which can be sustainably utilized in the production of fuels and electric energy adding no carbon dioxide to the environment. Co-gasification has unveiled its potential amongst thermal techniques, as a result of the valuable products obtained, strengthening a solid position in the conversion of residues. Thus, the prevention of a complete depletion of non-renewable sources is supported and the effects of their utilization alleviated. Extensive literature review was conducted and, few reports on co-gasification of biomass and wastes were found. In this context, this review addresses their thermal conversion, highlighting issues related to the equipment, operating conditions and physicochemical phenomena involved in such a complex process. Among other conclusions, the most important finding of this work was the synergy often encountered between the two feedstocks, proving co-gasification can overcome several of the individual gasification issues enhancing products quality and yields over biomass or wastes alone, and attesting its environmental-friendly character, with lower greenhouse gas emissions. It was also possible to depict some trends on the effect of biomass and waste blending ratios, as well as elucidating some of the mechanisms involved in their interaction. These are majorly explained by the response of molecules during pyrolysis and by hydrogen transfer from waste polymers to biomass derivatives. Experimental conditions were also assessed, fluidized beds being reported as the most suitable reactors for biomass and wastes, under several different possible combinations of operational parameters. A critical discussion is presented, aiming to contribute to a more profound understanding of this matter, its key points and noteworthy potential.
220 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the addition of plastics to the steam pyrolysis/gasification of wood sawdust with and without a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated in order to increase the production of hydrogen in the gaseous stream.
191 citations
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...Thus, more H and OH radicals are released and they act as hydrogen donor species, promoting the cracking of the aromatic compounds in the biomass [32]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of process parameters such as pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and holding time on the yields of pyrotechnic products and their chemical compositions were investigated.
411 citations
TL;DR: The thermal profiles of the coal/oil palm biomass blends appear to correlate with the percentage of biomass added in the blends, thus, suggesting lack of interaction between the coal and palm biomass.
385 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the pyrolysis behaviors of rice straw, rice husk, and corncob with the TG-MS technique, while paying close attention to the gas formation during the pyroplysis.
356 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the pyrolysis behavior of torrefied leucaena leucocephala was examined in detail by using the TG-MS technique and it was found that the carbon content and the calorific value of the torrefined leuciaena increased significantly when temperature and holding time during the torification increased.
291 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a co-pyrolysis and co-gasification of coal and biomass samples were described (850°C and 1000°C; up to 25 bar).
274 citations