Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline apatites from eggshells at different Ca/P ratios.

doi:10.1088/1748-6041/4/4/045010

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Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline apatites from eggshells at different Ca/P ratios.

Journal Article•DOI•

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline apatites from eggshells at different Ca/P ratios.

A. Siddharthan¹, T.S. Sampath Kumar, S.K. Seshadri•Institutions (1)

Indian Institute of Technology Madras¹

28 Jul 2009-Biomedical Materials (IOP Publishing)-Vol. 4, Iss: 4, pp 045010

TL;DR: Nanocrystalline apatites with different Ca/P ratios were synthesized using eggshell as a calcium source by microwave processing and found to have a minor amount of Mg, Sr, Si and Na ions inherited from the eggshells, resulting in a perturbed lattice structure.

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Abstract: Nanocrystalline apatites with different Ca/P ratios were synthesized using eggshell as a calcium source by microwave processing. The apatites were found to have a minor amount of Mg, Sr, Si and Na ions inherited from the eggshells. The presence of several foreign ions results in a perturbed lattice structure indicated by an increase in lattice constants and shift in vibrational frequencies of the functional groups. The apatites were heat treated to investigate the influence of foreign ions on thermal stability. The minor amounts of ions do not affect the thermal stability. The differences in thermal behaviour of these apatites were due to the presence of HPO(2-)(4) ions only and not due to other ions because of their low content.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Synthesis of three-dimensional calcium carbonate nanofibrous structure from eggshell using femtosecond laser ablation.

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Amirhossein Tavangar¹, Bo Tan¹, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan¹•Institutions (1)

Ryerson University¹

20 Jan 2011-Journal of Nanobiotechnology

TL;DR: The synthesized 3D nanofibrous structures can promote biomaterial interfacial properties to improve cell-platform surface interaction and develop new functional biomaterials for a variety of biomedical applications.

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Abstract: Background Natural biomaterials from bone-like minerals derived from avian eggshells have been considered as promising bone substitutes owing to their biodegradability, abundance, and lower price in comparison with synthetic biomaterials. However, cell adhesion to bulk biomaterials is poor and surface modifications are required to improve biomaterial-cell interaction. Three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures are preferred to act as growth support platforms for bone and stem cells. Although there have been several studies on generating nanoparticles from eggshells, no research has been reported on synthesizing 3D nanofibrous structures.

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279 citations

Cites background from "Synthesis and characterization of n..."

...Avian eggshell, with a mineral composition similar to corals, has been introduced as a potential bone substitute in maxillodacial and craniofacial surgery as they could easily be acquired and contain ions of Sr and F [4,15] and [16]....
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...There are reported studies where eggshell has been used to compose different Ca-precursor nanoparticles or HA nano-powder that requires the additional step such as sintering to synthesize porous surfaces [16,19]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

A hydrothermal synthesis of eggshell and fruit waste extract to produce nanosized hydroxyapatite

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Shih-Ching Wu¹, Hsi-Kai Tsou, Hsueh-Chuan Hsu¹, Shih-Kuang Hsu¹, Shu-Ping Liou², Wen-Fu Ho² - Show less +2 more•Institutions (2)

Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology¹, Dayeh University²

01 Sep 2013-Ceramics International

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple hydrothermal method to obtain high-purity hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles from eggshells and three kinds of fruit waste extracts: grape, sweet potato, and pomelo peels.

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145 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Synthesis and sintering of hydroxyapatite derived from eggshells as a calcium precursor

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P. Kamalanathan¹, Singh Ramesh¹, L. T. Bang¹, A. Niakan¹, Chou Yong Tan¹, Judha Purbolaksono¹, Hari Chandran¹, Wan Dung Teng² - Show less +4 more•Institutions (2)

University of Malaya¹, Sirim²

01 Dec 2014-Ceramics International

TL;DR: In this paper, phase pure hydroxyapatite (HA) was successfully prepared using calcined eggshells as a calcium precursor via the wet chemical precipitation method, and the sintering of eggshell-derived HA compacts was carried out in air over a temperature range of 800-1400°C.

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132 citations

Cites background or methods or result from "Synthesis and characterization of n..."

...Table 3 Infrared (IR) vibration modes of as-synthesized EHA, sintered EHA at 1250 1C and references [17,37,38]....
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...This is slightly larger than that obtained from previous studies [17,38] with crystallite sizes in the range of 21–27 nm....
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...Present study Reference [38] Reference [37] Reference [17] Synthesized Sintered Synthesized Sintered Sintered...
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...Bone itself is regarded as a non-stoichiometric HA due to the presence of minor amount of ions in its HA lattice which benefits its own structure as well as calcium phosphate based implants [17,18]....
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...Numerous methods have been adopted in the synthesis of HA from eggshells, such as the wet chemical precipitation method [31– 33], hydrothermal method [19,34,35], and wet mechanochemical method [36,37], as well as the microwave irradiation method [17,38]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Calcium phosphate bioceramics synthesized from eggshell powders through a solid state reaction

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Wen-Fu Ho¹, Hsueh-Chuan Hsu², Shih-Kuang Hsu², Chun-Wei Hung¹, Shih-Ching Wu² - Show less +1 more•Institutions (2)

Dayeh University¹, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology²

01 Aug 2013-Ceramics International

TL;DR: In this paper, heat treatment produced solid state reactions between eggshell powders and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO4·2H2O, DCPD) or calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7) for 3h.

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122 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Microwave conversion of eggshells into flower-like hydroxyapatite nanostructure for biomedical applications

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G. Suresh Kumar¹, Arumugam Thamizhavel², E.K. Girija¹•Institutions (2)

Periyar University¹, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research²

01 Jun 2012-Materials Letters

TL;DR: In this article, the eggshell biowaste has been effectively utilized to produce flower-like hydroxyapatite nanostructure by using a simple and rapid microwave irradiation method with the help of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent.

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107 citations

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Journal Article•DOI•

Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite crystals: A review study on the analytical methods

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Sotirios Koutsopoulos¹•Institutions (1)

University of Patras¹

15 Dec 2002-Journal of Biomedical Materials Research

TL;DR: From the experimental processes and the characterization of the crystals it was concluded that aging and precipitation kinetics are critical for the purity of the product and its crystallographic characteristics.

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Abstract: For the synthesis of hydroxyapatite crystals from aqueous solutions three preparation methods were employed. From the experimental processes and the characterization of the crystals it was concluded that aging and precipitation kinetics are critical for the purity of the product and its crystallographic characteristics. The authentication details are presented along with the results from infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission and scanning electron photographs, and chemical analysis. Analytical data for several calcium phosphates were collected from the literature, extensively reviewed, and the results were grouped and presented in tables to provide comparison with the data obtained here.

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1,425 citations

"Synthesis and characterization of n..." refers background in this paper

...67HA – 962 412, 428, 447, 463 1047, 1068, 1055, 1082 596, 605 HA [34] – 962 430, 447, 452 1029, 1033, 1043, 1048, 579, 588, 591, 594, 1054, 1077 607, 615 β-TCP [34] 1005, 880 946, 949, 405, 439, 460, 1005, 1016, 1031, 1038, 1046, 547, 555, 578, 588, 599, 961, 970 475, 483 1059, 1074, 1084, 1091 611, 624, 631...
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...a The deviation might be due to substitution of Mg, Sr, Si and Na ions in the HA lattice causing distortion similar to reports on Mg-substituted HA [34] and Sr-substituted HA [10]....
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...67HA – 962 432, 445, 468, 478 1024, 1033, 1053 590, 605, 617 HA [34] – 962 430, 447, 452 1029, 1033, 1043, 1048, 1054, 1077 579, 588, 591, 594, 607, 615...
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...The characteristic bands for HA were observed in all the spectra [34]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Calcium phosphate apatites with variable Ca/P atomic ratio I. Synthesis, characterisation and thermal stability of powders.

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S Raynaud, Eric Champion, Didier Bernache-Assollant, P. Thomas

15 Feb 2002-Biomaterials

TL;DR: These techniques include high resolution and high temperature X-ray diffractometry and FTIR spectroscopy show that very small variations of the Ca/P molar ratio of the powder lead to great changes in powder composition and characteristics after thermal treatment.

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701 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The effect of calcium phosphate ceramic composition and structure on in vitro behavior. II. Precipitation.

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Paul Ducheyne¹, S. Radin¹, Linda A. King¹•Institutions (1)

University of Pennsylvania¹

01 Jan 1993-Journal of Biomedical Materials Research

TL;DR: The dissolution behavior of the CPCs studied was found to vary over a wide range, and the dissolution rate of the monophase CPCs increased in the order of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite, calcium deficient hydroxyicarbonate, oxyhydroxyapatites, beta-tricalcium phosphate, alpha-tricals calcium phosphate, and tetracalcium phosphate.

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Abstract: The formation of a biologically equivalent carbonate-containing apatite on the surface of synthetic calcium phosphate ceramics (CPC) may be an important step leading to bonding with bone. Reactions of several single phases CPCs upon immersion into a simulated physiologic solution (SPS) with an electrolyte composition of human plasma were determined. The CPCs covered a wide range of solution stabilities from low-soluble hydroxyapatites (HA) to metastable tricalcium phosphates (TCP) and tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP). Changes in chemical compositions of SPS and infrared spectral features after CPC immersion were analyzed. New phase formation was observed on all the CPCs. However, kinetics, compositions, and structures of the new phases were significantly different. The studied CPCs can be characterized by the time to new phase formation in vitro; the minimum time for measurable precipitate formation was found to increase in the order: not-well-crystallized HAs < well-crystallized HAs < alpha-TCP, TTCP < beta-TCP. Among the CPCs only not-well-crystallized HAs led to immediate new phase formation. The metastable CPCs, beta-TCP, alpha-TCP, and TTCP required an induction time during which dissolution occurred. beta-TCP showed the longest induction time and the lowest lattice ion uptake rate of all the CPCs tested. Only the not-well-crystallized HAs elicited immediate formation of carbonated HA. The well-crystallized HAs and beta-TCP did not elicit carbonated apatite formation within the time frame of the experiment. Instead, intermediate phases were formed. On alpha-TCP amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) with a relatively low carbonate content was formed. TTCP was found to transform extensively to poorly crystallized carbonated apatite after 2 days of immersion.

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655 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Biodegradation and bioresorption of calcium phosphate ceramics.

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Racquel Z. LeGeros¹•Institutions (1)

New York University¹

01 Jan 1993-Clinical Materials

TL;DR: The processes of biodegradation or bioresorption of Ca-P materials in terms of the physico-chemical properties ofThese materials and the phenomena involved including the formation of carbonate apatite on the surfaces and in the vicinity of these materials are discussed.

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647 citations

"Synthesis and characterization of n..." refers background in this paper

...67) has been a successful candidate for orthopaedic and dental implant application due to its similarity with inorganic constituent of bone as well as its ability of osteoconduction [1]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Some physico-chemical aspects of hydroxylapatite

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T. S. B. Narasaraju¹, D. E. Phebe¹•Institutions (1)

North Eastern Hill University¹

01 Jan 1996-Journal of Materials Science

TL;DR: A review of hydroxylapatite, a biological material of extensive contemporary inter-disciplinary research, can be found in this article, where the authors provide information on preparation techniques, characterization, isomorphous substitutions and solubility equilibria.

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Abstract: A few significant physico-chemical aspects of hydroxylapatite, a biological material of extensive contemporary inter-disciplinary research, have been reviewed. Updated information on preparation techniques, characterization, isomorphous substitutions, and solubility equilibria is provided. Recent research trends and aspects which require further clarification have been emphasized.

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437 citations

"Synthesis and characterization of n..." refers background in this paper

...Interestingly natural bone also has minor amounts of foreign ions in the HA lattice such as Mg2+, Na+, Sr2+ ions substituting Ca2+ ion and/or F−, HPO2− 4 , CO 2− 3 , SiO 2− 4 for OH − or (PO4)3− ions for their specific role in the bone remodelling process [9]....
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