Synthesis, characterization and charge transport mechanism in conducting polyaniline/V2O5 composites
TL;DR: In this paper, a conducting polyaniline/V 2 O 5 composites have been synthesized by an in situ deposition technique using the fine-grade powder (average particle size of approximately 400nm) of V 2O 5 in the polymerization reaction of aniline.
About: This article is published in Polymer.The article was published on 2001-03-01. It has received 78 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Polyaniline & Space charge.
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TL;DR: In this paper, conducting polyaniline/tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) composites have been synthesized by "in situ" deposition technique by placing fine graded WO 3 in polymerization mixture of aniline.
Abstract: Conducting polyaniline/tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) composites have been synthesized by ‘in situ’ deposition technique by placing fine graded WO 3 in polymerization mixture of aniline. This is a single step polymerization process for the direct synthesis of emeraldine salt phase of the polymer. The results were also well supported by FTIR spectral analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), XRD and conductivity measurements. High temperature conductivity measurements show thermal activated behavior. The change in resistance with respect to percent relative humidity (RH) is observed. The composites in the pellet form exhibit almost linear behavior within a chosen range of humidity (ranging between 10 and 95% RH).
233 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that there is a strong synergetic interaction between the SnO 2 hollow spheres and polythiophene, and the hybrid materials had higher thermal stability than pure polythophene, which is beneficial for potential application as chemical sensors.
Abstract: SnO 2 hollow spheres/polythiophene hybrid materials were synthesized by an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method, and characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). It is proved that there is a strong synergetic interaction between the SnO 2 hollow spheres and polythiophene, and the hybrid materials had higher thermal stability than pure polythiophene, which is beneficial for potential application as chemical sensors. Gas sensing tests showed that the gas sensor based on the as-obtained hybrids had high sensor response and good selectivity, as well as comparatively short recovery time to NO 2 at a working temperature of 90 °C. The enhanced gas sensing performance of the hybrids is due to the high surface area of the hybrids and the p–n heterojunction formed between p-type polythiophene and n-type SnO 2 hollow spheres.
125 citations
TL;DR: The results showed that the polyaniline-intercalated layered vanadium oxide nanocomposite prepared at 140 °C had a good cycling performance and might act as a promising cathode material for high-energy-density rechargeable lithium batteries.
Abstract: Polyaniline-intercalated layered vanadium oxide nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by an one-pot hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopy. The effects of reaction conditions, such as pH value of the precursor solution, reaction temperature and time, and the amount of aniline on the structure and morphology of the obtained samples, were systematically investigated. Based on the experimental results, an in situ intercalation-polymerization-exfoliation mechanism was put forward for the formation of layered nanocomposites. The application of the resulting layered nanocomposite as the cathode material in lithium battery was tested and the results showed that the polyaniline-intercalated layered vanadium oxide nanocomposite prepared at 140 °C had a good cycling performance and might act as a promising cathode material for high-energy-density rechargeable lithium batteries.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposites made of metal oxide and conjugated polymer nan composites and its application in bulk-heterojunction solar cells were studied.
Abstract: Novel hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposites made of metal oxide and conjugated polymer nanocomposite and its application in bulk-heterojunction solar cells were studied The composite was composed of different concentrations of strontium titanate (SrTiO3) and polyaniline doped phosphoric acid The optimum concentration of strontium titanate was found to be 02?v/v An inorganic?organic photovoltaic device with a structure of Ag/Pani?H3PO4?SrTiO3/Al has been fabricated The ideality factor value of the diode was found to be 18 This n value of the diode implies a deviation from ideal junction behaviour The barrier height b value for the diode was found to be 056?eV The Ag/Pani?H3PO4?SrTiO3/Al diode shows a photovoltaic behaviour with a maximum open-circuit voltage Voc of 249?V, and short-circuit current Isc of 56?mA under light illumination ? = 460?nm The conversion efficiency was found to be 52% It is evaluated that the Ag/Pani?H3PO4?SrTiO3/Al diode is a good photodiode with calculated electronic parameters
103 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: In this article, the properties of conjugated polymers and their properties were investigated at submicron scale with a scanning force microscope magnetic properties of conducting polymers Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR).
Abstract: Vol 1: From electron acceptor molecules to photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer systems perylene based conductors tetrachalcogenafulvalenes, metal 1,2-dichalcogenolenes and their conductive salts conductive hetero-TCNQs molecular metals and superconductors based on transition metal complexes conductivity and superconductivity in doped fullerenes electrochemistry of fullerenes photophysics, charge separation and associated device applications of conjugated polymer/fullerene composites photoconductivity in fullerenes organic photoconductive materials for xenographic photoreceptors photoconductive polymers graphite intercalation compounds electrically conductive metallophthalocyanines electrically conductive Langmuir-Blogett films magnetism of stable organic radical crystals. Vol 2: Polyacetylene electrically conductive polyacetylene copolymers perconjugated organic polymer - early synthesis attempts and applications electrochemical synthesis of polyheterocycles and their applications (-conductive polymers prepared by organometallic polycondensation poly(p-phenylenes) - preparation techniques and general properties synthesis and properties of processable polythiophenes molecular conductive materials - from polythiophenes to oligothiophenes charge-state incorporation in bis-thienyl polyenes and thienylene polyenylene oligomers and polymers polypyrroles - from basic research to technological applications polythiophene and polypyrrole copolymers polyanilines electrically conductive polytoluidines silicon containing thiophene monomers, oligomers and polymers - synthesis, characterization and properties silicon and germanium containing conductive polymers polyazines - synthesis, structure, spectroscopy and conducting properties conductive metallophthalocyanine polymers conductive polymer blends and composites organometallic conductive polymers self-doped conductive polymers. Vol 3: Crystallography of conductive polymers the structure of polythiophenes photoelectron spectroscopy of conductive polymers spectroelectrochemistry and spectroscopy of conducting polymers structural investigation of soluble conjugated polymers and modification of their structure at submicron scale with a scanning force microscope magnetic properties of conducting polymers Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) Studies of conjugated polymer films, LEDs, and fullerenes microwave properties of conductives polymers electrochemistry of conjugated polymers electrocatalytic properties of conductive polymers due to dispersion physical and spectroscopic properties of polypyrrole films containing transition metal complexes as counteranions thin film properties of oligothiophenes electrochroism in polyanilines thermochromism and solvatochromism in polythiophenes degradation and stability of conductive polymers. Vol 4: Transport in conducting polymers electronic structure of (conjugated polymers). (Part contents)
2,272 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, electrical and electrochemical properties of ion conducting polymers are discussed. But they do not consider the properties of polymers with polymer electrolytes, as they do in this paper.
Abstract: Preface. Electrical and electrochemical properties of ion conducting polymers. Electrical and electrochemical properties of electronically conducting polymers. Highly-conductive polymer electrolytes. Solvation mechanisms in low molecular weight polyethers. Lithium batteries with polymer electrodes. Lithium polymer batteries. Electrochromic devices. Laminated electrochromic displays and windows. Functionalized conductive polymer membranes/films. Electroactive polymers in chemical sensors.
824 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that by using polyaniline (PANI) or a combination of PANI and indium/tin oxide (ITO) as the transparent anode of a polymer light-emitting diode with poly[2]-methoxy‐5−(2'−ethyl hexyloxy)•1,4•phenylene vinylene] (MEH•PPV) active layer, device performance can be significantly improved.
Abstract: We demonstrate that by using polyaniline (PANI) or a combination of (PANI) and indium/tin oxide (ITO) as the transparent anode of a polymer light‐emitting diode with poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2’‐ethyl‐ hexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (MEH‐PPV), as the active layer, device performance can be significantly improved. The operating voltage can be reduced by ∼30%–50% and the quantum efficiency can be increased by ∼30%–40% with respect to the devices using ITO alone as the hole‐injecting anode. The barrier height at the PANI/MEH‐PPV interface is estimated to be ∼0.08–0.12 eV, approximately half of that at the ITO/MEH‐PPV interface.
426 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a composite moleculaire contenant la forme protome de la polyaniline; the conductivite electrique and le coefficient le Seebecti du composite diminuent avec the temperature.
Abstract: La polymerisation vedox de l'audine dans les xerogels le V 2 O 5 ,nH 2 O donne un composite moleculaire contenant la forme protome de la polyaniline; la conductivite electrique et le coefficient le Seebecti du composite diminuent avec la temperature
363 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: Theory photochromics and electrochromics piezoelectric and pyroelectronic materials liquid crystals and devices organics for nonlinear optics conducting polymers charge transfer complexes LB films magnetism ion transport/biological systems biosensors biomolecular optoelectronics STM/APM molecular electronic logic and architectures molecular MBE
Abstract: Theory photochromics and electrochromics piezoelectric and pyroelectronic materials liquid crystals and devices organics for nonlinear optics conducting polymers charge transfer complexes LB films magnetism ion transport/biological systems biosensors biomolecular optoelectronics STM/APM molecular electronic logic and architectures molecular MBE
336 citations