Tactile and Haptic Illusions
TL;DR: This paper surveys the research literature on robust tactile and haptic illusions by briefly considering a number of important general themes that have emerged in the materials surveyed.
Abstract: This paper surveys the research literature on robust tactile and haptic illusions. The illusions are organized into two categories. The first category relates to objects and their properties, and is further differentiated in terms of haptic processing of material versus geometric object properties. The second category relates to haptic space, and is further differentiated in terms of the observer's own body versus external space. The illusions are initially described and where possible addressed in terms of their functional properties and/or underlying neural processes. The significance of these illusions for the design of tactile and haptic displays is also discussed. We conclude by briefly considering a number of important general themes that have emerged in the materials surveyed.
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01 Sep 2013
TL;DR: The relevant human vibrotactile perceptual capabilities are explained, the main types of commercial vib rotactile actuators are detailed, and how to build both monolithic and localized vibrotACTile displays are described.
Abstract: This paper reviews the technology and applications of vibrotactile display, an effective information transfer modality for the emerging area of haptic media. Our emphasis is on summarizing foundational knowledge in this area and providing implementation guidelines for application designers who do not yet have a background in haptics. Specifically, we explain the relevant human vibrotactile perceptual capabilities, detail the main types of commercial vibrotactile actuators, and describe how to build both monolithic and localized vibrotactile displays. We then identify exemplary vibrotactile display systems in application areas ranging from the presentation of physical object properties to broadcasting vibrotactile media content.
296 citations
Cites background from "Tactile and Haptic Illusions"
...A thorough review on robust haptic and tactile illusions can be found in [30]....
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TL;DR: The technology behind creating artificial touch sensations and the relevant aspects of human touch are reviewed and the need to consider the neuroscience and perception behind the human sense of touch in the design and control of haptic devices is addressed.
Abstract: This article reviews the technology behind creating artificial touch sensations and the relevant aspects of human touch We focus on the design and control of haptic devices and discuss the best practices for generating distinct and effective touch sensations Artificial haptic sensations can present information to users, help them complete a task, augment or replace the other senses, and add immersiveness and realism to virtual interactions We examine these applications in the context of different haptic feedback modalities and the forms that haptic devices can take We discuss the prior work, limitations, and design considerations of each feedback modality and individual haptic technology We also address the need to consider the neuroscience and perception behind the human sense of touch in the design and control of haptic devices
214 citations
Cites background from "Tactile and Haptic Illusions"
...Visuo-haptic illusions seek to use haptic illusions (136) and the overall dominance of the visual system (137, 138) to create haptic feedback with passive props and visual feedback (139)....
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02 May 2019
TL;DR: Torc as discussed by the authors is a rigid haptic controller that renders virtual object characteristics and behaviors such as texture and compliance, allowing users to interact with virtual objects by sliding their thumb on TORC's trackpad.
Abstract: Recent hand-held controllers have explored a variety of haptic feedback sensations for users in virtual reality by producing both kinesthetic and cutaneous feedback from virtual objects. These controllers are grounded to the user's hand and can only manipulate objects through arm and wrist motions, not using the dexterity of their fingers as they would in real life. In this paper, we present TORC, a rigid haptic controller that renders virtual object characteristics and behaviors such as texture and compliance. Users hold and squeeze TORC using their thumb and two fingers and interact with virtual objects by sliding their thumb on TORC's trackpad. During the interaction, vibrotactile motors produce sensations to each finger that represent the haptic feel of squeezing, shearing or turning an object. Our evaluation showed that using TORC, participants could manipulate virtual objects more precisely (e.g., position and rotate objects in 3D) than when using a conventional VR controller.
89 citations
Cites methods from "Tactile and Haptic Illusions"
...Besides the pseudo-haptic feedback to alter the perception of mass using C/D gain [19], the vibrotactile actuators can be used to haptic illusion of pulling force [11, 47] and illusory motion among an array of vibrotactile actuators [41]....
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...Haptic stimulations also have been used to create different types of haptic sensations [41]....
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TL;DR: The results indicate that traditional museum displays limit the experience with past material culture, and reveal how the sample of participants favor tactile and immersive 3D virtual experiences with artifacts over visual non-manipulative experiences with authentic objects.
Abstract: This article investigates the use of 3D immersive virtual environments and 3D prints for interaction with past material culture over traditional observation without manipulation. Our work is motivated by studies in heritage, museum, and cognitive sciences indicating the importance of object manipulation for understanding present and ancient artifacts. While virtual immersive environments and 3D prints have started to be incorporated in heritage research and museum displays as a way to provide improved manipulation experiences, little is known about how these new technologies affect the perception of our past. This article provides first results obtained with three experiments designed to investigate the benefits and tradeoffs in using these technologies. Our results indicate that traditional museum displays limit the experience with past material culture, and reveal how our sample of participants favor tactile and immersive 3D virtual experiences with artifacts over visual non-manipulative experiences with authentic objects.
68 citations
Cites background from "Tactile and Haptic Illusions"
...A complete digression on tactile and haptic illusion can be found in the survey proposed by Lederman and Jones (2011)....
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19 Apr 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employ visuo-haptic illusions to improve the perceived performance of encountered-type haptic devices, specifically shape displays, in virtual reality by redirecting sloped lines with angles less than 40 degrees onto a horizontal line.
Abstract: In this work, we utilize visuo-haptic illusions to improve the perceived performance of encountered-type haptic devices, specifically shape displays, in virtual reality. Shape displays are matrices of actuated pins that travel vertically to render physical shapes; however, they have limitations such as low resolution, small display size, and low pin speed. To address these limitations, we employ illusions such as redirection, scaling, and retargeting that take advantage of the visual dominance effect, the idea that vision often dominates when senses conflict. Our evaluation of these techniques suggests that redirecting sloped lines with angles less than 40 degrees onto a horizontal line is an effective technique for increasing the perceived resolution of the display. Scaling up the virtual object onto the shape display by a factor less than 1.8x can also increase the perceived resolution. Finally, using vertical redirection a perceived 3x speed increase can be achieved.
66 citations
Cites background or methods from "Tactile and Haptic Illusions"
...This approach has been used to improve the user’s perception of contact and to modify the perceived shape, size, texture, and stiffness of passive objects [23, 27]....
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...These illusions include retargeting, used to map a single physical object to multiple virtual objects [3, 8], or redirection to modify the perceived properties of the physical object such as shape [4, 6, 5], size, texture, and stiffness [23, 24, 27]....
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...Retargeting and down scaling for increasing the display size are not included in this evaluation, as they are previously studied on passive haptic objects [3, 8, 27, 23] and can be directly applied to shape displays....
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References
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TL;DR: An illusion in which tactile sensations are referred to an alien limb is reported, which reveals a three-way interaction between vision, touch and proprioception, and may supply evidence concerning the basis of bodily self-identification.
Abstract: Illusions have historically been of great use to psychology for what they can reveal about perceptual processes. We report here an illusion in which tactile sensations are referred to an alien limb. The effect reveals a three-way interaction between vision, touch and proprioception, and may supply evidence concerning the basis of bodily self-identification.
3,422 citations
"Tactile and Haptic Illusions" refers background in this paper
...Botvinick and Cohen [178] were the first to report that following synchronous tactile stimulation of an unseen hand and a visible rubber hand, a significant percentage of subjects (42 percent) indicated that they felt the touch of the brush on the rubber hand and not of the hidden brush stroking on their unseen hand....
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TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed indicating that striate cortex in the monkey is the source of two multisynaptic corticocortical pathways, one of which enables the visual identification of objects and the other allows instead the visual location of objects.
2,614 citations
TL;DR: Two experiments establish links between desired knowledge about objects and hand movements during haptic object exploration, and establish that in free exploration, a procedure is generally used to acquire information about an object property, not because it is merely sufficient, butBecause it is optimal or even necessary.
1,723 citations
TL;DR: Preliminary results indicate that the cross-modal matching of these novel preceptions is possible even for a naive observer, and that practice can bring about errorless judgments in all observers so far tested.
Abstract: ed by solid geometry (slant, curvature, edge, corner) did not seem any more complex to introspection than the solely visible features of things abstracted by plane geometry (triangle, square, circle). A new set of shapes has now been devised for the study of object-perception by active touch. They consist of ten solid sculptures, or free-forms, made of plastic, the surfaces being curved, with no planes, edges, or corners. They are intended to be felt with two hands (and are called "feelies"). Approximately one-half of each surface (the "rear") is convex; the other half (the "front") consists of six convexities with intermediate saddles or concavities. In general, there are five protuberances around a central protuberance, but no object is symmetrical, either radially or bilaterally. They cannot, therefore, be distinguished from one another by counting. Each is readily discriminated from every other by vision of the "front" surface. They are also mutually distinguishable by feeling, although with some error and hesitation for an unpracticed observer. Replicas of the ten objects are available, made from the same molds. It is therefore possible to present one object to the hands and the same or a different object to the eyes simultaneously. Preliminary results indicate that the cross-modal matching of these novel preceptions is possible even for a naive observer, and that practice can bring about errorless judgments in all observers so far tested. Passivity and activity in touch and vision. In passive touch the individual makes no voluntary movements. Similarly, in passive vision he makes no eye movements, which means that he must voluntarily fixate his eyes on a point specified by the experimenter. Neither state is natural to an individual. In a tactual situation, the observer will explore with his fingers unless prevented and, in a visual situation, he will explore the focussable light, fixating, accommodating, converging and pursuing. Both senses are normally active. The passive stimulation of the skin or the retina is necessary for the study of the receptorcells in the skin or the retina, but the experiences resulting are atypical. In active touching and looking the observer reports experiences of a quite different order. They correspond to
1,267 citations
"Tactile and Haptic Illusions" refers background in this paper
...Beginning with the work of Katz [206], Revesz [75], [207], and Gibson [123], touch scientists have asked whether active and passive modes of touch produce the same experiences, qualitatively and/or quantitatively (for a more in-depth discussion, see [208], [209])....
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TL;DR: The results suggest that multisensory integration in the premotor cortex provides a mechanism for bodily self-attribution in the form of feeling of ownership of the hand.
Abstract: When we look at our hands, we immediately know that they are part of our own body. This feeling of ownership of our limbs is a fundamental aspect of self-consciousness. We have studied the neuronal counterparts of this experience. A perceptual illusion was used to manipulate feelings of ownership of a rubber hand presented in front of healthy subjects while brain activity was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The neural activity in the premotor cortex reflected the feeling of ownership of the hand. This suggests that multisensory integration in the premotor cortex provides a mechanism for bodily self-attribution.
1,222 citations
"Tactile and Haptic Illusions" refers background in this paper
...Neuroimaging studies suggest that premotor and parietal cortices are involved in the illusion and reveal three contributing neural mechanisms: one that involves multisensory integration from the visual, tactile and proprioceptive modalities; another that is concerned with recalibration of proprioceptive representations of the upper limb; and a third that is engaged in the attribution of limbs to oneself, that is, a feeling of body ownership [179], [183], [186]....
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