Targeted Delivery of Nutraceuticals Using Nanoparticles
14 Oct 2016-pp 109-138
About: The article was published on 2016-10-14. It has received 4 citations till now.
Citations
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30 Jun 2000
TL;DR: In this article, a new preparation method for poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles was established by modifying the spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion (SESD) method and elucidate the mechanism of nanoparticle formation on the basis of the phase separation principle of PLGA and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the preparation system.
Abstract: PURPOSE
The objectives of this study were to establish a new preparation method for poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles by modifying the spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion (SESD) method and to elucidate the mechanism of nanoparticle formation on the basis of the phase separation principle of PLGA and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in the preparation system.
METHODS
PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by the modified-SESD method using various solvent systems consisting of two water-miscible organic solvents, in which one solvent has more affinity to PLGA than to PVA and the other has more affinity to PVA than to PLGA. The yield, particle size, size distribution and PVA content of the PLGA nanoparticles were evaluated, and the phase separation behaviors of the polymers were elucidated.
RESULTS
The modified-SESD method provided a good yield of PLGA nanoparticles over a wide range of composition ratios in the binary mixture of organic solvents. Several process parameters, including the fed amount of PLGA, PLGA concentration and PVA concentration were examined to achieve the optimum preparation conditions. The discrete powder of PLGA nanoparticles was obtained by freeze-drying. No change in the PVA content of PLGA nanoparticles was observed even after several times of washing treatment by ultrafiltration, suggesting a strong surface adsorption. It was found that the appropriate selections of binary solvent mixtures and polymeric concentrations in both organic and aqueous phases could provide excellent yield and favorable physical properties of PLGA nanoparticles.
CONCLUSION
The proposed modified-SESD method can be used to provide PLGA nanoparticles of satisfactory quality at an acceptable yield for industrial purposes.
39 citations
30 Jun 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the in vivo characteristics of liposomes coated with a polyvinyl alcohol having a long alkyl chain at the end of the molecule (PVA-R) as an injectable drug carrier for passive targeting of drugs.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo characteristics of liposomes coated with a polyvinyl alcohol having a long alkyl chain at the end of the molecule (PVA-R) as an injectable drug carrier for passive targeting of drugs. A fluorescence marker, cholesteryl-anthracene-9-carboxylate, was incorporated into the liposomes to detect their concentration in the plasma and organs. The small unilamellar liposomes (100 nm in diameter) with various lipid compositions, such as the different cholesterol contents or the different charges, were prepared by the hydration method followed by sonication and coated with PVA or PVA-R by just mixing the resultant liposomal suspensions with the polymer solutions. The circulation and distribution of the liposomes were tested with their intravenous administration in rats. The PVA-R-coated liposomes showed significantly higher circulation compared to that of non-coated ones in any liposomal formulation tested. The prolonged circulation of PVA-R-coated liposomes was attributed to their fewer uptake in liver and spleen. The extent in improvement in the in vivo characteristics were well interpreted by the hydrophobicity of liposomes and their coating amount of PVA-R. It was also demonstrated that the liposomes having a positive and a negative charge, which showed the completely different circulating profiles, showed almost the same profile by coating with PVA-R. When the liposomes were coated with PVA the improvement in blood circulation was much less in any cases, although coating layer of PVA was detected. These results confirm that not only the hydrophilic property but the sterically stabilizing effect of the coating layer is important to prolong the circulation of the particulate drug carriers with less RES uptake, and the PVA-R having a hydrophobic moiety at the end of the molecule of PVA is a suitable material for the coating of liposomes.
4 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the size of the nutraceuticals to the nanoscale enhances their bioavailability both in vitro and in vivo, and higher stability and controlled delivery can also be achieved with nanovehicles.
Abstract: Nutraceutical and herbal medicines are emerging as alternatives to alleviate the side effects of conventional drugs. Bioactive compounds are abundantly found in fruits, vegetables, and daily foods. There is an increasing interest in nutraceuticals due to their palatability as well as nutritive value. The health benefits of nutraceuticals such as curcumin, carotenoids, vitamins, and caffeine have been exploited globally. Nutraceutical efficiency depends primarily on the availability and activity. Supplementation of very high doses to obtain complete activity of the nutraceutical to overcome their limited bioavailability poses a major challenge in the development of undue side effects. Changing the size of the nutraceuticals to the nanoscale enhances their bioavailability both in vitro and in vivo. Higher stability and controlled delivery can also be achieved with nanovehicles.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the structural and functional aspects of several such bio-based delivery vehicles like the micro and nano particles, nano-emulsions and liposome-based models are discussed.
Abstract: Nowadays, the pharma and food industries have been gearing up to meet the urgent need for anti-infective and anti-inflammatory nutritional formulations. In this way, several nutraceutical compounds are being re–evaluated due to their established bioactivities. Few compounds have been or may be efficiently targeted against infections, inflammatory conditions and for immune modulation. However, for successful management of these metabolic conditions, the nutraceuticals need to be designed into effective nutritional formulations. Over recent years there have been tremendous progress in the re-engineering of structurally delivery vehicles which provide stability, enhance bioaccessibility and bioavailability of these compounds. In this perspective, this review focuses on the structural and functional aspects of several such bio-based delivery vehicles like the micro and nano particles, nano-emulsions and liposome-based models. The aim is to bring forth recent information on the efficacious nutraceuticals and the suitable delivery vehicles which would be useful against infections and inflammatory conditions. • Nutraceuticals can provide health benefits, treating or preventing diseases. • Nanotechnology is a new tool able to improve the functionality of nutraceuticals. • Development of nutraceuticals on nanoscale produces the nano-nutraceuticals. • Emerging technologies are used to produce nano-delivery systems of nutraceuticals. • Nano-nutraceuticals are effective to combat infections and inflammatory conditions.
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