Temporal Resolvability of Stimulus
01 Jan 2018-pp 89-99
TL;DR: This chapter estimates the temporal resolution of the kinesthetic stimulus using a classical psychometric approach and study how the physical fatigue affects the temporal resolvability of a human operator in perceiving the jump discontinuity.
Abstract: If the time spacing between two consecutive, perceptually significant kinesthetic force stimuli is less than the minimum time spacing (temporal resolution \(T_r\)) required in perceiving the jump discontinuity, then the second force stimulus will not be perceived even if it is well above the just noticeable difference. Hence, there is no need to transmit the second force sample to the operator. Thus, for haptic transmission in a teleoperation, the temporal resolution \(T_r\) needs also to be considered while effecting perceptually adaptive sampling. In this chapter, we estimate the temporal resolution \(T_r\) for the kinesthetic stimulus. For that purpose, we define an experimental setup where a user is subjected to a specific type of kinesthetic force stimulus. The force stimulus has two perceptually significant consecutive jumps separated by a variable time spacing. The user is asked to respond whenever she can perceive the discontinuity between the jumps by pressing a button of the stylus. If for a particular time spacing, the jump discontinuity is perceived, the user response is labeled as 1, and −1 otherwise. In this way, we record the labeled haptic responses for several users. In order to estimate the temporal resolution \(T_r\), we use a classical psychometric approach. It is observed that \(T_r\) lies between 17 and 37 ms for different users. Further, we also study how the physical fatigue (possibly including the effect of boredom) of muscles affects the temporal resolvability of a human operator in perceiving the jump discontinuity. It is observed that the resolvability in perceiving the jump discontinuity decreases by about \(30\%\) due to the fatigue. Hence, the fatigue does affect the temporal resolvability significantly. In order to alleviate this problem during teleoperation, it is recommended that the robot should be slowed down accordingly if a task is to be carried out over a longer period.
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2,263 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1957
TL;DR: Human factors in engineering and design, Human factors in Engineering and design as mentioned in this paper, human factors in design and engineering, human factor in engineering, and design in software engineering and software engineering.
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1,698 citations
15 Jul 1978
TL;DR: This is a review of factors pertaining to man-machine interaction in remote control of undersea vehicles, especially their manipulators and sensors, and the needs for research in this area.
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1,079 citations
01 Dec 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, the design criteria imposed by the capabilities of the human user on the design of force reflecting controllers for hands and arms are discussed and a framework of issues regarding human capabilities is presented that maps directly to mechanical design requirements.
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472 citations
TL;DR: This paper examines various psychometric function topics inspired by this special symposium issue of Perception & Psychophysics, examining the relative merits of objective yes/no versus forced choice tasks (including threshold variance).
Abstract: The psychometric function, relating the subject’s response to the physical stimulus, is fundamental to psychophysics. This paper examines various psychometric function topics, many inspired by this special symposium issue ofPerception & Psychophysics: What are the relative merits of objective yes/no versus forced choice tasks (including threshold variance)? What are the relative merits of adaptive versus constant stimuli methods? What are the relative merits of likelihood versus up-down staircase adaptive methods? Is 2AFC free of substantial bias? Is there no efficient adaptive method for objective yes/no tasks? Should adaptive methods aim for 90% correct? Can adding more responses to forced choice and objective yes/no tasks reduce the threshold variance? What is the best way to deal with lapses? How is the Weibull function intimately related to thed’ function? What causes bias in the likelihood goodness-of-fit? What causes bias in slope estimates from adaptive methods? How good are nonparametric methods for estimating psychometric function parameters? Of what value is the psychometric function slope? How are various psychometric functions related to each other? The resolution of many of these issues is surprising.
459 citations