Texture analysis using gray level run lengths
TL;DR: In this paper, a set of texture features based on gray level run lengths is described, and good classification results are obtained with these features on a sets of samples representing nine terrain types.
About: This article is published in Computer Graphics and Image Processing.The article was published on 1975-06-01. It has received 1848 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Image texture & Texture (geology).
Citations
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01 Jan 1979TL;DR: This survey reviews the image processing literature on the various approaches and models investigators have used for texture, including statistical approaches of autocorrelation function, optical transforms, digital transforms, textural edgeness, structural element, gray tone cooccurrence, run lengths, and autoregressive models.
Abstract: In this survey we review the image processing literature on the various approaches and models investigators have used for texture. These include statistical approaches of autocorrelation function, optical transforms, digital transforms, textural edgeness, structural element, gray tone cooccurrence, run lengths, and autoregressive models. We discuss and generalize some structural approaches to texture based on more complex primitives than gray tone. We conclude with some structural-statistical generalizations which apply the statistical techniques to the structural primitives.
5,112 citations
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TL;DR: PyRadiomics, a flexible open-source platform capable of extracting a large panel of engineered features from medical images, is developed and its application in characterizing lung lesions is demonstrated.
Abstract: Radiomics aims to quantify phenotypic characteristics on medical imaging through the use of automated algorithms. Radiomic artificial intelligence (AI) technology, either based on engineered hard-coded algorithms or deep learning methods, can be used to develop noninvasive imaging-based biomarkers. However, lack of standardized algorithm definitions and image processing severely hampers reproducibility and comparability of results. To address this issue, we developed PyRadiomics, a flexible open-source platform capable of extracting a large panel of engineered features from medical images. PyRadiomics is implemented in Python and can be used standalone or using 3D Slicer. Here, we discuss the workflow and architecture of PyRadiomics and demonstrate its application in characterizing lung lesions. Source code, documentation, and examples are publicly available at www.radiomics.io With this platform, we aim to establish a reference standard for radiomic analyses, provide a tested and maintained resource, and to grow the community of radiomic developers addressing critical needs in cancer research. Cancer Res; 77(21); e104-7. ©2017 AACR.
2,905 citations
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01 Jun 1978TL;DR: The discrepancies between human vision and computerized techniques that are encountered in this study indicate fundamental problems in digital analysis of textures and could be overcome by analyzing their causes and using more sophisticated techniques.
Abstract: Textural features corresponding to human visual perception are very useful for optimum feature selection and texture analyzer design. We approximated in computational form six basic textural features, namely, coarseness, contrast, directionality, line-likeness, regularity, and roughness. In comparison with psychological measurements for human subjects, the computational measures gave good correspondences in rank correlation of 16 typical texture patterns. Similarity measurements using these features were attempted. The discrepancies between human vision and computerized techniques that we encountered in this study indicate fundamental problems in digital analysis of textures. Some of them could be overcome by analyzing their causes and using more sophisticated techniques.
2,365 citations
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TL;DR: This set of labels and features should enable direct utilization of the TCGA/TCIA glioma collections towards repeatable, reproducible and comparative quantitative studies leading to new predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic assessments, as well as performance evaluation of computer-aided segmentation methods.
Abstract: Gliomas belong to a group of central nervous system tumors, and consist of various sub-regions. Gold standard labeling of these sub-regions in radiographic imaging is essential for both clinical and computational studies, including radiomic and radiogenomic analyses. Towards this end, we release segmentation labels and radiomic features for all pre-operative multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (n=243) of the multi-institutional glioma collections of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), publicly available in The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Pre-operative scans were identified in both glioblastoma (TCGA-GBM, n=135) and low-grade-glioma (TCGA-LGG, n=108) collections via radiological assessment. The glioma sub-region labels were produced by an automated state-of-the-art method and manually revised by an expert board-certified neuroradiologist. An extensive panel of radiomic features was extracted based on the manually-revised labels. This set of labels and features should enable i) direct utilization of the TCGA/TCIA glioma collections towards repeatable, reproducible and comparative quantitative studies leading to new predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic assessments, as well as ii) performance evaluation of computer-aided segmentation methods, and comparison to our state-of-the-art method.
1,818 citations
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TL;DR: "Radiomics" refers to the extraction and analysis of large amounts of advanced quantitative imaging features with high throughput from medical images obtained with computed tomography, positron emission tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, leading to a very large potential subject pool.
1,608 citations
References
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01 Nov 1973TL;DR: These results indicate that the easily computable textural features based on gray-tone spatial dependancies probably have a general applicability for a wide variety of image-classification applications.
Abstract: Texture is one of the important characteristics used in identifying objects or regions of interest in an image, whether the image be a photomicrograph, an aerial photograph, or a satellite image. This paper describes some easily computable textural features based on gray-tone spatial dependancies, and illustrates their application in category-identification tasks of three different kinds of image data: photomicrographs of five kinds of sandstones, 1:20 000 panchromatic aerial photographs of eight land-use categories, and Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) multispecial imagery containing seven land-use categories. We use two kinds of decision rules: one for which the decision regions are convex polyhedra (a piecewise linear decision rule), and one for which the decision regions are rectangular parallelpipeds (a min-max decision rule). In each experiment the data set was divided into two parts, a training set and a test set. Test set identification accuracy is 89 percent for the photomicrographs, 82 percent for the aerial photographic imagery, and 83 percent for the satellite imagery. These results indicate that the easily computable textural features probably have a general applicability for a wide variety of image-classification applications.
20,442 citations
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01 Jan 1973TL;DR: Some gray-level manipulation techniques are described, the first of which involves changing thegray-level distribution within the picture, and a method for extracting relatively noise-free objects from a noisy background is described.
Abstract: Some gray-level manipulation techniques are described, the first of which involves changing the gray-level distribution within the picture. Thereafter a method for extracting relatively noise-free objects from a noisy background is described. The purpose of these techniques is to preprocess a textural scene for subsequent analysis or classification. The present state of the art of texture analysis in general does not enable the parameters associated with the techniques to be generalized. Results for a range of parameters for both real and computer-generated pictures are therefore given.
27 citations