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TGF-β2 dictates disseminated tumour cell fate in target organs through TGF-β-RIII and p38α/β signalling

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TLDR
A ‘seed and soil’ mechanism where TGF-β2 and T GF-β-RIII signalling through p38α/β regulates DTC dormancy and defines restrictive (BM) and permissive (lung) microenvironments for HNSCC metastasis is revealed.
Abstract
Aguirre-Ghiso and colleagues report that the intensity of TGF-β2 signalling dictates dormancy or metastatic growth of disseminated tumour cells by regulating the activity of p38α/β in different target organs.

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Emerging Biological Principles of Metastasis

TL;DR: The cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in metastasis are summarized, with a focus on carcinomas where the most is known, and the general principles of metastasis that have begun to emerge are highlighted.
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Cancer stem cells revisited

TL;DR: New developments in the cancer stem cell field are discussed in relationship to changing insights into how normal stem cells maintain healthy tissues and the first successes of therapies based on the CSC concept are emerging.
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Metastatic colonization by circulating tumour cells

TL;DR: An improved understanding of the mechanistic determinants of such colonization is needed to better prevent and treat metastatic cancer.
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Mechanisms of disseminated cancer cell dormancy: an awakening field

TL;DR: Analysis of approximately 7 years of literature reveals a growing focus on tumour and normal stem cell quiescence, extracellular and stromal microenvironments, autophagy and epigenetics as mechanisms that dictate tumour cell dormancy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The pathogenesis of cancer metastasis: the 'seed and soil' hypothesis revisited

TL;DR: It is now known that the potential of a tumour cell to metastasize depends on its interactions with the homeostatic factors that promote tumour-cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis.
Journal ArticleDOI

In vitro propagation and transcriptional profiling of human mammary stem/progenitor cells

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that nonadherent mammospheres are enriched in early progenitor/stem cells and able to differentiate along all three mammary epithelial lineages and to clonally generate complex functional structures in reconstituted 3D culture systems.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cytostatic and apoptotic actions of TGF-beta in homeostasis and cancer.

TL;DR: The cytostatic and apoptotic functions of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) help restrain the growth of mammalian tissues; loss of these effects leads to hyperproliferative disorders and is common in cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI

Models, mechanisms and clinical evidence for cancer dormancy.

TL;DR: Experimental and clinical evidence is reviewed that supports the existence of various mechanisms of cancer dormancy including angiogenic dormancy, cellular dormancy (G0–G1 arrest) and immunosurveillance.
Journal Article

Selective events in the metastatic process defined by analysis of the sequential dissemination of subpopulations of a mouse mammary tumor.

TL;DR: A panel of 5 subpopulations is evaluated that identifies different points of selective failure in tumor cell dissemination and should be valuable in the assessment of antimetastatic therapies.
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