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Journal ArticleDOI

Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of a Patagonian frog Pleurodema thaul (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) with activity against Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: Patagonia's biodiversity has been explored from many points of view, however, skin secretions of native amphibians have not been evaluated for antimicrobial peptide research until now and the first peptides described for amphibians of the Pleurodema genus are described.
About: This article is published in Gene.The article was published on 2017-03-20 and is currently open access. It has received 21 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Antimicrobial peptides & Pleurodema.

Summary (1 min read)

Introduction

  • The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form.
  • B IPCSH – CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Bvd. Brown 2915.

INTRODUCCTION

  • During the last decades there has been a rapid increase in the number of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) described, with more than 1017 active peptides derived from amphibians (antimicrobial peptide database, APD).
  • Figure 1. (A) Pleurodema thaul distribution from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
  • (B) Collection site area (photo by S. Polcowñuk, used with permission).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

  • Preproregions (signal peptide and acidic region boxed white and black respectively) and variable domain (boxed gray) that correspond to mature peptide are AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T signaled.
  • It is noteworthy that the highest similarity belongs to membrane proteins described in Gram-negative microorganisms.
  • Synthetic purified and quantified thaulin-1 and Gly-thaulin- 1 peptides showed identical minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values (Table 4), demonstrating that the mechanism of action is mainly bactericide, not involving a significant inhibitory stage.

CONCLUSIONS

  • This work reports the first four peptides identified from the skin of the Patagonian frog P. thaul.
  • Sequences were analyzed using the Lasergene sequence analysis software (DNASTAR, Inc.).
  • All tests were performed in triplicate and according to CLSI (2012).
  • Cultures of BMDM were supplemented with the different concentrations of the test compounds for 24h.
  • Peptides were tested at different concentrations (15.62–500 µg/mL) according to Bignami [Bignami, 1993] with modifications.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the application of surface plasmon resonance and dual polarization interferometry-based biosensors to the study of biomembrane-based systems using both planar mono- or bilayers or liposomes is presented.
Abstract: The molecular analysis of biomolecular-membrane interactions is central to understanding most cellular systems but has emerged as a complex technical challenge given the complexities of membrane structure and composition across all living cells. We present a review of the application of surface plasmon resonance and dual polarization interferometry-based biosensors to the study of biomembrane-based systems using both planar mono- or bilayers or liposomes. We first describe the optical principals and instrumentation of surface plasmon resonance, including both linear and extraordinary transmission modes and dual polarization interferometry. We then describe the wide range of model membrane systems that have been developed for deposition on the chips surfaces that include planar, polymer cushioned, tethered bilayers, and liposomes. This is followed by a description of the different chemical immobilization or physisorption techniques. The application of this broad range of engineered membrane surfaces to bio...

51 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ocellatin-PT3 may be promising as a template for the development of novel antimicrobial peptides against P. aeruginosa, and was capable of preventing the proliferation of 48-h mature biofilms at concentrations ranging from 4 to 8× the MIC.
Abstract: Aim To test ocellatin peptides (ocellatins-PT2-PT6) for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities and synergy with antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Materials & methods Normal- and checkerboard-broth microdilution methods were used. Biofilm studies included microtiter plate-based assays and microscopic analysis by confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Results Ocellatins were more active against multidrug-resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa than against susceptible strains. Ocellatin-PT3 showed synergy with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime against multidrug-resistant isolates and was capable of preventing the proliferation of 48-h mature biofilms at concentrations ranging from 4 to 8× the MIC. Treated biofilms had low viability and were slightly more disaggregated. Conclusion Ocellatin-PT3 may be promising as a template for the development of novel antimicrobial peptides against P. aeruginosa. [Formula: see text].

39 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biocompatibility of the derivatives was confirmed by the low hemolytic rate (<5%), non-toxic on Artemia salina (LD50%>3000 ppm), and significant index (1-34%) of antioxidant activity, and the results demonstrated that chitosan and its derivatives are promising biomaterials.

27 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that amphibian AAMPs represent an untapped potential source of biologically active agents and merit far greater research interest.
Abstract: Anionic antimicrobial peptides (AAMPs) with net charges ranging from -1 to -8 have been identified in frogs, toads, newts and salamanders across Africa, South America and China. Most of these peptides show antibacterial activity and a number of them are multifunctional, variously showing antifungal activity, anticancer action, neuropeptide function and the ability to potentiate conventional antibiotics. Antimicrobial mechanisms proposed for these AAMPs, include toroidal pore formation and the Shai-Huang-Matsazuki model of membrane interaction along with pH dependent amyloidogenesis and membranolysis via tilted peptide formation. The potential for therapeutic and biotechnical application of these AAMPs has been demonstrated, including the development of amyloid-based nanomaterials and antiviral agents. It is concluded that amphibian AAMPs represent an untapped potential source of biologically active agents and merit far greater research interest.

25 citations


Cites background from "Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial ..."

  • ...Thaulin-4 DDGEEAE SEAANPE ENTVGG Pleurodema thaul [36]...

    [...]

  • ...He-1 NT NT NT [35] Thaulin-4 NT NT NT [36] Octacidin + NT NT NT [37] Pleurain-C1 + + NT NT [38] Pleurain-C2 NT NT NT NT [38] Brevinin-1-AJ3 NT NT NT NT [39]...

    [...]

  • ...Most recently, thaulin-4, which also has a net charge -8, was isolated from the Chilean four-eyed frog, Pleurodema thaul, which is widely distributed in Argentina and Chile [36]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of recent developments in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), summarizing structural diversity, potential new applications, activity targets and microbial killing responses in general is provided.
Abstract: This review article provides an overview of recent developments in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), summarizing structural diversity, potential new applications, activity targets and microbial killing responses in general. The use of artificial and natural AMPs as templates for rational design of peptidomimetics are also discussed and some strategies are put forward to curtail cytotoxic effects against eukaryotic cells. Considering the heat-resistant nature, chemical and proteolytic stability of AMPs, we attempt to summarize their molecular targets, examine how these macromolecules may contribute to potential environmental risks vis-a-vis the activities of the peptides. We further point out the evolutional characteristics of the macromolecules and indicate how they can be useful in designing target-specific peptides. Methods are suggested that may help to assess toxic mechanisms of AMPs and possible solutions are discussed to promote the development and application of AMPs in medicine. Even if there is wide exposure to the environment like in the hospital settings, AMPs may instead contribute to prevent healthcare-associated infections so long as ecotoxicological aspects are considered.

24 citations


Cites background from "Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial ..."

  • ...Summarily, majority of AMPs from sources other than bacteria kill mostly Gram positive bacteria except for a few like G3KL, Thaulin-1 from Pleurodema thaul [87], BnPRP1, MjPen-II from Marsupenaeus japonicus [15] and Scolopendin from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans [88] which are able to kill Gram negative and/or other microorganisms....

    [...]

References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2008-Peptides
TL;DR: It is proposed that the current nomenclature by which individual antimicrobial peptides from the skins of frogs belonging to the genus Leptodactylus are named from the species of frog from which they were isolated should be replaced by one that emphasizes the fact that these peptides are evolutionarily related.

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2011-Peptides
TL;DR: Nucleotide sequencing of cDNAs of precursors (pre-pro peptides) of bioactive peptides from the skin glands of various species of the genus Litoria show that the majority of these peptides originated from a single ancestor gene before the break away of Australia from Gondwana.

25 citations


"Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...This last domain is so variable that the combination of several of these peptides can form a distinctive marker for each amphibian specie [Jackway et al., 2011]....

    [...]

  • ...…to several signal peptides identified in other genera of amphibians, for example dermaseptins B2, of Phyllomedusa bicolor; DRP-AA3-6 of Agalychnis annae; DRP-PD3-3 of Pachymedusa dacnicolor; caerin 1.1 of Litoria splendida [ Amiche et al., 1999; Jackway et al., 2011; Nicolas et al., 2003]....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of iron supplementation or deprivation on the growth of L. infantum, the causative agent of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis, in the mouse model were investigated.
Abstract: Iron plays a central role in host-parasite interactions, since both intervenients need iron for survival and growth, but are sensitive to iron-mediated toxicity. The host's iron overload is often associated with susceptibility to infection. However, it has been previously reported that iron overload prevented the growth of Leishmania major, an agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in BALB/c mice. In order to further clarify the impact of iron modulation on the growth of Leishmania in vivo, we studied the effects of iron supplementation or deprivation on the growth of L. infantum, the causative agent of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis, in the mouse model. We found that dietary iron deficiency did not affect the protozoan growth, whereas iron overload decreased its replication in the liver and spleen of a susceptible mouse strain. The fact that the iron-induced inhibitory effect could not be seen in mice deficient in NADPH dependent oxidase or nitric oxide synthase 2 suggests that iron eliminates L. infantum in vivo through the interaction with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Iron overload did not significantly alter the mouse adaptive immune response against L. infantum. Furthermore, the inhibitory action of iron towards L. infantum was also observed, in a dose dependent manner, in axenic cultures of promastigotes and amastigotes. Importantly, high iron concentrations were needed to achieve such effects. In conclusion, externally added iron synergizes with the host's oxidative mechanisms of defense in eliminating L. infantum from mouse tissues. Additionally, the direct toxicity of iron against Leishmania suggests a potential use of this metal as a therapeutic tool or the further exploration of iron anti-parasitic mechanisms for the design of new drugs.

25 citations


"Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial ..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Parasite viability was then determined by the resazurin assay, adapted from Vale-Costa et al., [Vale-Costa et al., 2013] and AC CE PT ED M AN US CR IP T calculated as the percentage in relation to control cultures....

    [...]

  • ...…BMDM were supplemented with the different concentrations of the test compounds for 24h. BMDM cytotoxicity was then determined by the resazurin assay, as in Vale-Costa et al. [Vale-Costa et al., 2013], and calculated as the percentage in relation to control cultures to which no peptides were added....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although no cyclotide-related peptide has yet reached clinical trials, proof-of-concept has been obtained that bioactive peptide sequences can be grafted onto a cyclotide framework, maintaining biological activity while becoming resistant to proteolysis.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cyclotides are bioactive mini-proteins from plants that have the unique topological feature of a head-to-tail cyclic backbone combined with a cystine knot. Because of this structure they are ultra-stable and have attracted interest as peptide-based templates for drug design applications. Cyclotide biosynthesis involves processing from a genetically encoded precursor protein but methods have been developed for their man-made synthesis using solid phase peptide synthesis as well as recombinant methods. Their natural function in plants is as insecticidal agents and thus they have potential applications in agriculture. However, they have a range of pharmaceutically relevant activities, including anti-HIV, antimicrobial and uterotonic activity. Their exceptional stability and facile synthesis lend them to uses as pharmaceutical templates into which bioactive peptide sequences can be grafted. AREAS COVERED: This article reviews the patent literature associated with cyclotides with a focus on therapeutic applications. These patents are primarily related to the use of cystine knot scaffolds for the production of peptide-based drug leads, molecular probes or diagnostic agents. EXPERT OPINION: Although no cyclotide-related peptide has yet reached clinical trials, proof-of-concept has been obtained that bioactive peptide sequences can be grafted onto a cyclotide framework, maintaining biological activity while becoming resistant to proteolysis. Thus, cyclotides are promising templates in drug development applications and there is increasing interest in them and related cystine knot scaffolds, as well as in the use of other disulfide-rich scaffolds, in drug design.

24 citations

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Frequently Asked Questions (2)
Q1. What contributions have the authors mentioned in the paper "Thaulin-1: the first antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of a patagonian frog pleurodema thaul (anura: leptodactylidae: leiuperinae) with activity against escherichia coli" ?

Please cite this article as: Mariela M. Marani, Luis O. Perez, Alyne Rodrigues de Araujo, Alexandra Plácido, Carla F. Sousa, Patrick Veras Quelemes, Mayara Oliveira, Ana G. Gomes-Alves, Mariana Pueta, Paula Gameiro, Ana M. Tomás, Cristina Delerue-Matos, Peter Eaton, Silvia A. Camperi, Néstor G. Basso, Jose Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite, Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of a Patagonian frog Pleurodema thaul ( Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae ) with activity against Escherichia coli. The address for the corresponding author was captured as affiliation for all authors. 

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