The 3-Methyl-2-benzothiazolone Hydrazone Test. Sensitive New Methods for the Detection, Rapid Estimation, and Determination of Aliphatic Aldehydes
About: This article is published in Analytical Chemistry.The article was published on 1961-01-01. It has received 423 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Hydrazone.
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TL;DR: All forms of catalase in tobacco show peroxidatic (measured as ethanol to acetaldehyde conversion) as well as catalatic activities, however, for both Nicotiana species the ratio per oxidatic/catalatic activity is at least 30-fold higher in peak 3 than in peaks 1 and 2.
Abstract: Leaf extracts of both Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana sylvestris contain multiple forms of catalase (H2O2:H2O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6) which are separable at different pH values by chromatofocusing columns. Marked changes in distribution of these catalases occur during seedling development and leaf maturation. The form of catalase eluting first (peak 1) was predominant during early seedling growth and present at all stages of development. Two more acidic forms (peaks 2 and 3) appeared later and comprised 29% of the total activity by 11 days postgermination. Mature leaves of N. tabacum contained peak 1 catalase, but peaks 2 and 3 represented 62% of the total activity. No interconversion of peaks 1, 2, and 3 was detected. The three forms of catalase differed in thermal stability with peak 1 > peak 2 ≫ peak 3. For N. sylvestris, t½ at 55°C was 31.5 and 3.0 min for peaks 1 and 3, respectively, and for N. tabacum, t½ was 41.5 and 3.2 min, respectively. All forms of catalase in tobacco show peroxidatic (measured as ethanol to acetaldehyde conversion) as well as catalatic activities. However, for both Nicotiana species the ratio peroxidatic/catalatic activity is at least 30-fold higher in peak 3 than in peaks 1 and 2. Chromatofocusing of extracts from spinach leaves separated at least four peaks of catalase activity, one of which had a 10-fold higher ratio of peroxidatic/catalatic activity than the others. Short-term growth (5 days) of tobacco seedlings under atmospheric conditions suppressing photorespiration (1% CO2/21% O2) reduced total catalase activity and caused a decline in peak 1 catalase and a substantial increase in the activity of peaks 2 and 3 relative to air-grown seedlings at the same stage.
771 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a synthesis of the studies on the carbonyl compounds chemistry in the trophosphere by successively examining: measurement methods in the Trophosphere, sources of primary carbonyls, formation of secondary carbonyll compounds in the atmosphere, reactivity of carbinear compounds in an atmosphere.
397 citations
TL;DR: A sensitive colour reaction is described for estimating fungi which contain chitin, the glucosamine residues of which are susceptible to deamination with nitrous acid, which yields an aldehyde which is determined colorimetrically with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolone hydrazone.
Abstract: A sensitive colour reaction is described for estimating fungi which contain chitin. The method is based on the alkaline deacetylation of chitin to chitosan, the glucosamine residues of which are susceptible to deamination with nitrous acid. This yields an aldehyde which is determined colorimetrically with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolone hydrazone. The observed level of aldehyde, expressed as glucosamine, was related to fungal dry weight by experiments using different fungi grown in vitro. The method, requiring 5 h to complete, has been tested on five phytopathogenic fungi and three hosts, and should be applicable to a wide range of host-pathogen systems.
345 citations
Patent•
04 Mar 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, modified recombinant glucose oxidase is used to change the net charge at a given pH to control the adsorption of the enzymes on surfaces and their retention in similarly or oppositely charged polymer membranes.
Abstract: Oxidoreductases are chemically modified so as to change their net charge at a given pH. Through such modification the adsorption of the enzymes on surfaces, their retention in similarly or oppositely charged polymer membranes and their binding with similarly or oppositely charged macromolecules, particularly redox macromolecules, is controlled. The modified enzymes, of which modified recombinant glucose oxidase is an example, are useful in biosensors, e.g. for glucose; as marker enzymes of antigens or antibodies in immunosensing; and as labels of nucleotide sequences in probes, e.g. for DNA nucleotide sequences.
267 citations
TL;DR: The azine and “osazine” derivatives formed under defined conditions have characteristic spectra which permit the identification of saturated and unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, keto acids, and many other related compounds in a simple spectrophotometric assay.
198 citations
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