The archaeology of knowledge
01 Sep 1989-pp 227-260
TL;DR: We may not be able to make you love reading, but archaeology of knowledge will lead you to love reading starting from now as mentioned in this paper, and book is the window to open the new world.
Abstract: We may not be able to make you love reading, but archaeology of knowledge will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.
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Dissertation•
25 Feb 2015
TL;DR: The findings indicated that hope can underlie and transform experiences of trauma for these refugee women, and can constructively be understood as differentiating between hopefulness and hope objectives that were both facilitated by perseverance through reciprocal relationships.
Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to explore understandings about hope within the experience of trauma for women from refugee communities. In spite of intense focus on the three discourses of hope, trauma and refugees, no consensus exists within any of them. All are fractured by tension, conflict and incongruity that reflect historical, present and perceived future imperatives. Any endeavour to coalesce understanding about the significance of hope within trauma for refugees will be characterised by this complexity. Consequently, secondary research was undertaken within each discourse, and a constructive framework for the facilitation of hope for refugee communities is proposed. A Hermeneutic Social Ecological Framework for trauma is developed that facilitates the understanding of the interdependent relationships between individuals and the multifaceted social ecological environments in which they exist. As interpretations of hope are diverse within the disciplines of philosophy, religion, psychiatry, psychology, the health sciences and social work, these are outlined to reveal perspectives of hope that range from overt optimism, to acknowledgement of its fundamental significance, to ambivalence and to a negative assessment. The biomedical model of trauma encompassing definitions of trauma, resilience, posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth is also critically discussed. Historically, refugees have been viewed with concern, indifference and animosity. This research provided an opportunity for the voices of eight refugee women from Bosnia, South Sudan and Sri Lanka now living in Australia to be heard. In depth interviews were undertaken with the women and their narratives were analysed using hermeneutic phenomenological analysis. The findings indicated that hope can underlie and transform experiences of trauma. For these refugee women, hope can constructively be understood as differentiating between hopefulness and hope objectives that were both facilitated by perseverance through reciprocal relationships. However, trauma casts dark shadows across life that is interpreted through reflections of
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the UN discourse on gender, peace and war produces neoliberal modes of masculinity and femininity where the problem-solving epistemology gives priority to the rationalist and manageralist masculinity and renders silent the variety of ambivalent and unsecured masculinities and femininities.
Abstract: The essay seeks to problematize the recent UN discourse on gender, peace and war by demonstrating how modernity sets the limits for the discourse, and therewith confines the discourse to the pre-given binary categories of agency, identity and action. It engages in an analysis of modernity and the mode of thinking that modernity establishes for thinking about war and peace. It is demonstrated in the text that new thinking on post-Westphalian conflicts and human security did open up a discursive space for thinking about gender in peace operations, but this space has not been fully utilized. By remaining within the confines of modernity, the UN discourse on peace operations produces neoliberal modes of masculinity and femininity where the problem-solving epistemology gives priority to the ‘rationalist’ and manageralist masculinity and renders silent the variety of ambivalent and unsecured masculinities and femininities
70 citations
TL;DR: The authors examines the enactment of new public management (NPM) in public service professional organizations, the nature of professional/managerial subjectivities promoted within the NPM discourse, and the implications for male and female professionals/managers.
Abstract: This article examines the enactment of new public management (NPM) in public service professional organizations, the nature of professional/managerial subjectivities promoted within the NPM discourse, and the implications for male and female professionals/managers. The article has two aims. First, taking a gender ing organization perspective, it explores the gendered meanings of NPM and the promotion of new professional/managerial subjectivities. Second, focusing on gender in organizations, the article then considers the implications of the enactment of NPM for male and female professionals/managers. The article illustrates the complex, manifold and fluid nature of both the meanings ascribed to NPM and individual responses. It is argued that a gender lens offers a more nuanced and sophisticated understanding of NPM enactment and the implications of this for public service professionals/managers are considered.
70 citations
Cites background from "The archaeology of knowledge"
...They are de ned as ‘practices that systematically form the objects of which they speak . . . {Discourses} do not identify objects, they constitute them and in the practice of doing so conceal their own invention’ (Foucault 1974: 49)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the complexity of arts-based educational research and auto-ethnography is discussed and a concrete example of an installation tableau that investigates the regulation of art-based education research is presented.
Abstract: This article discusses the complexity of arts-based educational research and arts-based autoethnography and presents a concrete example of an installation tableau that investigates the regulation o...
70 citations
Cites background from "The archaeology of knowledge"
...…notions of the cohesive subject and the conscious self, challenging scholars to look at the world without the disposition of textual authority and without any subjective intervention by the power of language (Barthes, 1977; Burke, 1992; Derrida, 1972, 1976, 1981; Ellsworth, 1997; Foucault, 1972b)....
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TL;DR: This article explored the cultural differences of linguistic world-views on knowledge and education between the East and the West, and then examined the impact of the cultural transformation of pedagogic discourse on education in modern China.
Abstract: With the modernization of Chinese society, beginning in the early-20th century, the Chinese language has experienced a fundamental change that has transformed Chinese pedagogic practices. Modern Chinese discourses, whether of social or scientific practices or on China’s intellectual heritage, are largely articulated in westernized discourses that have been normalized as China’s own. This study explores the cultural differences of linguistic world-views on knowledge and education between the East and the West, and then examines the impact of the cultural transformation of pedagogic discourse on education in modern China. Two ‘classroom’ texts, a dialogue between Confucius and his student and an excerpt from a contemporary Chinese lesson, are analysed in the philosophical perspective of language. This study asks what kind of pedagogy is embraced by a language traditionally without abstract designations such as ‘liberty’, ‘madness’, ‘politics’, ‘freedom’, and ‘feudalism’, ideas essential to the western tradi...
70 citations
Cites background from "The archaeology of knowledge"
...What this development reveals is the limited discourse space in which Chinese classics are talked about as ‘the group of statements that belong to a single system of formation’ (Foucault 1972: 107)....
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...However, when a language has been transformed into a relation of a signifier and a signified, the relation of cause and effect, interpretation and learning is made possible ‘only through the actual rarity of statements’ (Foucault 1972: 120)....
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References
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Book•
18 Jul 2003
TL;DR: Part 1: Social Analysis, Discourse Analysis, Text Analysis 1. Introduction 2. Texts, Social Events, and Social Practices 3. Intertextuality and Assumptions Part 2: Genres and Action 4. Genres 5. Meaning Relations between Sentences and Clauses 6. Discourses 8. Representations of Social Events Part 4: Styles and Identities 9. Modality and Evaluation 11. Conclusion
Abstract: Part 1: Social Analysis, Discourse Analysis, Text Analysis 1. Introduction 2. Texts, Social Events, and Social Practices 3. Intertextuality and Assumptions Part 2: Genres and Action 4. Genres 5. Meaning Relations between Sentences and Clauses 6. Types of Exchange, Speech Functions, and Grammatical Mood Part 3: Discourses and Representations 7. Discourses 8. Representations of Social Events Part 4: Styles and Identities 9. Styles 10. Modality and Evaluation 11. Conclusion
6,407 citations
TL;DR: A set of principles for the conduct and evaluation of interpretive field research in information systems is proposed, along with their philosophical rationale, and the usefulness of the principles is illustrated by evaluating three publishedinterpretive field studies drawn from the IS research literature.
Abstract: This article discusses the conduct and evaluatoin of interpretive research in information systems. While the conventions for evaluating information systems case studies conducted according to the natural science model of social science are now widely accepted, this is not the case for interpretive field studies. A set of principles for the conduct and evaluation of interpretive field research in information systems is proposed, along with their philosophical rationale. The usefulness of the principles is illustrated by evaluating three published interpretive field studies drawn from the IS research literature. The intention of the paper is to further reflect and debate on the important subject of grounding interpretive research methodology.
5,588 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: In Sorting Things Out, Bowker and Star as mentioned in this paper explore the role of categories and standards in shaping the modern world and examine how categories are made and kept invisible, and how people can change this invisibility when necessary.
Abstract: What do a seventeenth-century mortality table (whose causes of death include "fainted in a bath," "frighted," and "itch"); the identification of South Africans during apartheid as European, Asian, colored, or black; and the separation of machine- from hand-washables have in common? All are examples of classification -- the scaffolding of information infrastructures. In Sorting Things Out, Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star explore the role of categories and standards in shaping the modern world. In a clear and lively style, they investigate a variety of classification systems, including the International Classification of Diseases, the Nursing Interventions Classification, race classification under apartheid in South Africa, and the classification of viruses and of tuberculosis. The authors emphasize the role of invisibility in the process by which classification orders human interaction. They examine how categories are made and kept invisible, and how people can change this invisibility when necessary. They also explore systems of classification as part of the built information environment. Much as an urban historian would review highway permits and zoning decisions to tell a city's story, the authors review archives of classification design to understand how decisions have been made. Sorting Things Out has a moral agenda, for each standard and category valorizes some point of view and silences another. Standards and classifications produce advantage or suffering. Jobs are made and lost; some regions benefit at the expense of others. How these choices are made and how we think about that process are at the moral and political core of this work. The book is an important empirical source for understanding the building of information infrastructures.
4,480 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two such metaphors are identified: the acquisition metaphor and the participation metaphor, and their entailments are discussed and evaluated, and the question of theoretical unification of research on learning is addressed, wherein the purpose is to show how too great a devotion to one particular metaphor can lead to theoretical distortions and to undesirable practices.
Abstract: This article is a sequel to the conversation on learning initiated by the editors of Educational Researcher in volume 25, number 4. The author’s first aim is to elicit the metaphors for learning that guide our work as learners, teachers, and researchers. Two such metaphors are identified: the acquisition metaphor and the participation metaphor. Subsequently, their entailments are discussed and evaluated. Although some of the implications are deemed desirable and others are regarded as harmful, the article neither speaks against a particular metaphor nor tries to make a case for the other. Rather, these interpretations and applications of the metaphors undergo critical evaluation. In the end, the question of theoretical unification of the research on learning is addressed, wherein the purpose is to show how too great a devotion to one particular metaphor can lead to theoretical distortions and to undesirable practices.
3,660 citations
TL;DR: Problematization is proposed as a methodology for identifying and challenging assumptions underlying existing literature and, based on that, formulating research questions that are likely to lead to more influential theories.
Abstract: It is increasingly recognized that what makes a theory interesting and influential is that it challenges our assumptions in some significant way. However, established ways for arriving at research questions mean spotting or constructing gaps in existing theories rather than challenging their assumptions. We propose problematization as a methodology for identifying and challenging assumptions underlying existing literature and, based on that, formulating research questions that are likely to lead to more influential theories.
1,126 citations