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The city of Mexico in the age of Díaz
01 Jan 1997-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an appearance and reality notes Bibliography Index for appearance and Reality Notes Bibliography index, which includes the following categories: City and Nation 2. East and West 3. Peasants and Provincials 4. Death and Disorder 5.
Abstract: 1. City and Nation 2. East and West 3. Peasants and Provincials 4. Death and Disorder 5. Appearance and Reality Notes Bibliography Index
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TL;DR: The history of the city in twentieth-century Latin America can be seen as a long contest over the exercise of urban public space as discussed by the authors, leaving deep imprints in the collective memories of places as culturally and physically diverse as Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Havana, Bogota, and Rio de Janeiro.
Abstract: The history of the city in twentieth-century Latin America can be seen as a long contest over the exercise of urban public space. While the nature of this space is often less physical than it is social and situational, the struggle between different elements of the city to manipulate its politics and control its daily life has often been violent, leaving deep imprints in the collective memories of places as culturally and physically diverse as Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Havana, Bogota, and Rio de Janeiro. If approached from the perspective of contested space, the urban milieu offers an intriguing site for the historian interestedin exploring changing relations of power, class conflict, opposing visions of the future, breakdowns of social order, gendered spaces, health and disease, visual culture, spectacle and symbolic codes, and ultimately, the creation of community. Yet until the 1980s, most Latin American historians who were interestedin these themes confined their studies to the countryside. As late as 1975, Jorge Hardoy (1975:44) could write that “the urban history of the second half of the nineteenth century and the early decades of the twentieth is virtually unknown, in spite of the extremely rich material left to us by innumerable travelers, scientists, and men of state.” While historians and social scientists working from the 1950s through much of the 1970s delineated the complex relations between peasant villages and national states, the ideologies of rural rebellion, and the sources of identity and community in a countryside transformed by the demands of export capital, cities in twentieth-century Latin America were accorded secondary treatment, sometimes at the level of popular anecdotal narratives.
36 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined the nature of U.S.-Mexican relations in the aftermath of the Great Depression and World War II and argued that local conditions, along with a cadre of "progressive" Good Neighbor Policy diplomats, forced American companies to adopt the role of "commercial diplomats," altering the dynamic of what had been a tense and bitter binational relationship.
Abstract: This article looks at the corporate history of J. Walter Thompson to examine the nature of U.S.-Mexican relations in the aftermath of the Great Depression and World War II. It contends that local conditions, along with a cadre of "progressive" Good Neighbor Policy diplomats, forced American companies to adopt the role of "commercial diplomats," altering the nature of what, up to 1940, had been a tense and bitter binational relationship. The article shows how Thompson's role as a commercial diplomat changed its previous "capitalist missionary" approach and how it complemented American diplomacy, including national security measures to displace German commercial influence in Mexico during Word War II.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Mexican railway women, known popularly as rieleras, joined their male counterparts to stage the most militant series of strikes of the postwar era, a process which helped produce an identity for women based on the railway industry.
Abstract: During the 1950s, Mexican railway women, known popularly as rieleras, joined their male counterparts to stage the most militant series of strikes of the postwar era. This study contests a large body of popular and scholarly literature which focuses exclusively on men in the making of the railway movement. Combining oral histories with union and company documents, the author traces how gender notions at work and in the community subordinated women to men, a process which nevertheless helped produce an identity for women based on the railway industry. Women did not challenge the patriarchal order but rather made use of it during the railway movement to mobilize in defense of their own interests as rieleras. These findings suggest that historians must look beyond the electoral arena, as well as beyond the archive, to capture working-class women’s participation in postwar politics.
24 citations
TL;DR: The 1910 Centenario reflected a popular trend in Western Europe and its former colonies to use centenaries of important historical events to promote political programmes and philosophies through the construction of historical memory.
Abstract: Mexico's 1910 Centenario reflected a popular trend in Western Europe and its former colonies to use centenaries of important historical events to promote political programmes and philosophies through the construction of historical memory. Centennial organisers in Mexico linked Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla and Jose Maria Morelos to President Porfirio Diaz in words and symbols, and associated state formation and civic culture with Liberal leaders and policies, such as public education, material progress and secularism. The planners also promoted Morelos as a mestizo icon and symbol for national identity and integration, while they simultaneously celebrated Mexico's pre-Columbian cultures and criticised contemporary natives as impediments to progress. The Centennial's audience included hundreds of thousands of Mexicans as well as foreigners from around the globe, who came away with different impressions based on their cultural perspectives, political philosophies and material interests. Following the overthrow of Diaz in 1911, Mexico's revolutionary governments continued to use Independence Day celebrations to promote their programmes, including some whose origins lay in the Porfiriato. As we approach the bicentenary of Latin American independence, competing visions of patrias will likely surface and provide insights into the construction of historical memory and contemporary political discourse.
22 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present Urban Political Ecology as a timely emerging suit of theoretical and methodological approaches useful to understand the socio-ecologic conditions of urban areas and their socio-economic conditions.
Abstract: Resumen en: This paper presents Urban Political Ecology as a timely emerging suit of theoretical and methodological approaches useful to understand the socioecologic...
19 citations