The clinical usefulness of extravascular lung water and pulmonary vascular permeability index to diagnose and characterize pulmonary edema: a prospective multicenter study on the quantitative differential diagnostic definition for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome
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Cites background from "The clinical usefulness of extravas..."
...A pulmonary vascular permeability index value of 3 was found to be the best threshold for distinguishing between both forms of pulmonary oedema [68, 69] and should be considered as the maximal normal value....
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Cites background from "The clinical usefulness of extravas..."
...Furthermore, the alveolar epithelial cell injury leads to entry of fluid into the alveolar lumens, decreased clearance of fluid from the alveolar space, and impaired production of surfactant (Manicone, 2009; Johnson and Matthay, 2010; Kushimoto et al., 2012)....
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...…of excessive neutrophils and other inflammatory cells, release of inflammatory and cytotoxic mediators, alveolar flooding with protein-rich fluid, impaired surfactant synthesis and metabolism, and a local pro-coagulant state (Manicone, 2009; Johnson and Matthay, 2010; Kushimoto et al., 2012)....
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102 citations
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