The CNRM-CM5.1 global climate model: description and basic evaluation
Aurore Voldoire,Emilia Sanchez-Gomez,D. Salas y Melia,Bertrand Decharme,Christophe Cassou,Stephane Sénési,Sophie Valcke,I. Beau,Antoinette Alias,Matthieu Chevallier,Michel Déqué,Julie Deshayes,Hervé Douville,Elodie Fernandez,Gurvan Madec,Eric Maisonnave,Marie-Pierre Moine,Serge Planton,David Saint-Martin,Sophie Szopa,S. Tyteca,Ramdane Alkama,S. Belamari,Alain Braun,Laure Coquart,Fabrice Chauvin +25 more
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A new version of the general circulation model CNRM-CM has been developed jointly by CNRMs-GAME (Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques-Groupe d'etudes de l’Atmosphere Meteorologique) and Cerfacs as discussed by the authors in order to contribute to phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5).Abstract:
A new version of the general circulation model CNRM-CM has been developed jointly by CNRM-GAME (Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques—Groupe d’etudes de l’Atmosphere Meteorologique) and Cerfacs (Centre Europeen de Recherche et de Formation Avancee) in order to contribute to phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The purpose of the study is to describe its main features and to provide a preliminary assessment of its mean climatology. CNRM-CM5.1 includes the atmospheric model ARPEGE-Climat (v5.2), the ocean model NEMO (v3.2), the land surface scheme ISBA and the sea ice model GELATO (v5) coupled through the OASIS (v3) system. The main improvements since CMIP3 are the following. Horizontal resolution has been increased both in the atmosphere (from 2.8° to 1.4°) and in the ocean (from 2° to 1°). The dynamical core of the atmospheric component has been revised. A new radiation scheme has been introduced and the treatments of tropospheric and stratospheric aerosols have been improved. Particular care has been devoted to ensure mass/water conservation in the atmospheric component. The land surface scheme ISBA has been externalised from the atmospheric model through the SURFEX platform and includes new developments such as a parameterization of sub-grid hydrology, a new freezing scheme and a new bulk parameterisation for ocean surface fluxes. The ocean model is based on the state-of-the-art version of NEMO, which has greatly progressed since the OPA8.0 version used in the CMIP3 version of CNRM-CM. Finally, the coupling between the different components through OASIS has also received a particular attention to avoid energy loss and spurious drifts. These developments generally lead to a more realistic representation of the mean recent climate and to a reduction of drifts in a preindustrial integration. The large-scale dynamics is generally improved both in the atmosphere and in the ocean, and the bias in mean surface temperature is clearly reduced. However, some flaws remain such as significant precipitation and radiative biases in many regions, or a pronounced drift in three dimensional salinity.read more
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Book Chapter
Chapter 12 - Long-term climate change: Projections, commitments and irreversibility
Matthew Collins,R. Knutti,Julie M. Arblaster,J.-L. Dufresne,T. Fichefet,P. Friedlingstein,Xuejie Gao,William J. Gutowski,T. Johns,Gerhard Krinner,Mxolisi Shongwe,C. Tebaldi,A.J. Weaver,M. F. Wehner +13 more
TL;DR: The authors assesses long-term projections of climate change for the end of the 21st century and beyond, where the forced signal depends on the scenario and is typically larger than the internal variability of the climate system.
Journal ArticleDOI
The SURFEXv7.2 land and ocean surface platform for coupled or offline simulation of earth surface variables and fluxes
Valéry Masson,P. Le Moigne,Eric Martin,Stéphanie Faroux,Antoinette Alias,Ramdane Alkama,Sophie Belamari,Alina Barbu,Aaron Boone,F. Bouyssel,Pierre Brousseau,Eric Brun,Jean-Christophe Calvet,Dominique Carrer,Bertrand Decharme,Christine Delire,S. Donier,K. Essaouini,A.-L. Gibelin,Hervé Giordani,Florence Habets,M. Jidane,G. Kerdraon,Ekaterina Kourzeneva,Ekaterina Kourzeneva,Matthieu Lafaysse,Sébastien Lafont,C. Lebeaupin Brossier,Aude Lemonsu,Jean-François Mahfouf,P. Marguinaud,M. Mokhtari,S. Morin,G. Pigeon,Rui Salgado,Yann Seity,F. Taillefer,G. Tanguy,Pierre Tulet,Béatrice Vincendon,Vincent Vionnet,Aurore Voldoire +41 more
TL;DR: SURFEX as mentioned in this paper is an externalized land and ocean surface platform that describes the surface fluxes and the evolution of four types of surfaces: nature, town, inland water and ocean.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of CMIP6 DECK Experiments With CNRM-CM6-1
Aurore Voldoire,David Saint-Martin,Stephane Sénési,Bertrand Decharme,Antoinette Alias,Matthieu Chevallier,Jeanne Colin,Jean-François Guérémy,Martine Michou,M. P. Moine,Pierre Nabat,Romain Roehrig,D. Salas y Melia,Roland Séférian,Sophie Valcke,I. Beau,Sophie Belamari,Sarah Berthet,Christophe Cassou,Julien Cattiaux,Julie Deshayes,Hervé Douville,Christian Ethé,Laurent Franchistéguy,Olivier Geoffroy,C. Lévy,Gurvan Madec,Gurvan Madec,Yann Meurdesoif,Rym Msadek,Aurélien Ribes,Emilia Sanchez-Gomez,Laurent Terray,Robin Waldman +33 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the main characteristics of CNRM-CM6-1, the fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model of sixth generation jointly developed by Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques (CNRM) and Cerfacs for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6).
Journal ArticleDOI
Dominance of the Southern Ocean in Anthropogenic Carbon and Heat Uptake in CMIP5 Models
Thomas L. Frölicher,Jorge L. Sarmiento,David Paynter,John P. Dunne,John P. Krasting,Michael Winton +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the uptake, transport, and storage of oceanic anthropogenic carbon and heat over the period1861-2005inanewset ofcoupled carbon-climateEarthsystemmodelsconducted for the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), with a particular focus on the Southern Ocean.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ACCESS coupled model: description, control climate and evaluation
Dave Bi,Martin Dix,Simon J. Marsland,Siobhan O'Farrell,Harun Rashid,Petteri Uotila,Anthony C. Hirst,Eva Kowalczyk,Maciej Golebiewski,Arnold Sullivan,Hailin Yan,N. Hannah,Charmaine Franklin,Zhian Sun,Peter Vohralik,Ian Watterson,Xiaobing Zhou,Russell Fiedler,Mark Collier,Yimin Ma,J Noonan,Lauren Stevens,Peter Uhe,H Zhu,Stephen M. Griffies,R Hill,Chris Harris,K. Puri +27 more
TL;DR: The ACCESS-CM framework and components are described in this paper, where the authors present the control climates from two versions of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), ACCESS1.0 and ACCESS 1.3, together with some fields from the 20 th century historical experiments.
References
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