The complex interplay of iron metabolism, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species: Insights into the potential of various iron therapies to induce oxidative and nitrosative stress
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...Both HF and iron deficiency are associated with increased oxidative stress.(28,29) Because iron plays a central role in the formation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species,(29) low MCHC could be either a contributing factor to increased oxidative in HF or a result of increased oxidative state because of HF, which impairs iron utilization....
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...…by synergistic effects towards anti-microbial radical formation (Mastroeni et al., 2000; Esposito et al., 2003; Papanikolaou and Pantopoulos, 2005; Koskenkorva-Frank et al., 2013) but second, by directly altering immune cell proliferation and anti-microbial immune effector pathways (Nairz et al.,…...
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...These multiple functional aspects of iron are based on its ability to transfer electrons needed during metabolic processes and to catalyze the formation of highly reactive radicals (Papanikolaou and Pantopoulos, 2005; Koskenkorva-Frank et al., 2013)....
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