The contribution of prenatal and postnatal maternal anxiety and depression to child maladjustment
Citations
1,427 citations
721 citations
593 citations
262 citations
179 citations
Cites background or result from "The contribution of prenatal and po..."
...Our finding of increased incidence of externalizing problems in children exposed to prenatal maternal depression is consistent with reports that prenatal maternal depression significantly increased the risk for externalizing behaviors in toddlers (29) and adolescents (31)....
[...]
...(29) reported that prenatal maternal depression, but not anxiety or postpartum depression,...
[...]
References
25,611 citations
16,420 citations
"The contribution of prenatal and po..." refers background in this paper
...90)[44] and root mean square error of approximation (acceptable fit 5o0....
[...]
10,857 citations
2,278 citations
2,044 citations
"The contribution of prenatal and po..." refers background or result in this paper
...These results are interesting in that they support a recent finding of a ‘‘general effect’’ of postnatal maternal depression on multiple indices of child function;[5] as well as research in a risk high sample,[20] which also reported depression during pregnancy to negatively impact child verbal development....
[...]
...[25,26] A recent meta-analysis reported that the magnitude of the effects of maternal depression on child externalizing and internalizing difficulties is greater the younger the age of the child at first exposure.[5] As with depression, anxiety in the mother is reported to associate with poor parenting—anxious mothers have been reported to be negative and disengaged....
[...]
...[37,38] In addition, recent meta-analyses suggest that (a) the size of the effect of maternal depression on child outcomes, as measured by maternal reports on scale formats versus clinical diagnoses, do not significantly differ;[5] and (b) increased reliability and validity in continuous versus categorical measures of 697 Research Article: Maternal Anxiety and Depression...
[...]