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The Dialogical Mind: Common Sense and Ethics

01 Sep 2016-
TL;DR: In this paper, Markova presents an ethics of dialogicality as an alternative to the narrow perspective of individualism and cognitivism that has traditionally dominated the field of social psychology.
Abstract: Dialogue has become a central theoretical concept in human and social sciences as well as in professions such as education, health, and psychotherapy. This 'dialogical turn' emphasises the importance of social relations and interaction to our behaviour and how we make sense of the world; hence the dialogical mind is the mind in interaction with others - with individuals, groups, institutions, and cultures in historical perspectives. Through a combination of rigorous theoretical work and empirical investigation, Markova presents an ethics of dialogicality as an alternative to the narrow perspective of individualism and cognitivism that has traditionally dominated the field of social psychology. The dialogical perspective, which focuses on interdependencies among the self and others, offers a powerful theoretical basis to comprehend, analyse, and discuss complex social issues. Markova considers the implications of dialogical epistemology both in daily life and in professional practices involving problems of communication, care, and therapy.
Citations
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35 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 May 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors trace the historical roots and current landmark work that have been shaping the field and categorize these works under three broad umbrellas: (i) those grounded in Western canonical philosophy, (ii) mathematical and statistical methods, and (iii) those emerging from critical data/algorithm/information studies.
Abstract: How has recent AI Ethics literature addressed topics such as fairness and justice in the context of continued social and structural power asymmetries? We trace both the historical roots and current landmark work that have been shaping the field and categorize these works under three broad umbrellas: (i) those grounded in Western canonical philosophy, (ii) mathematical and statistical methods, and (iii) those emerging from critical data/algorithm/information studies. We also survey the field and explore emerging trends by examining the rapidly growing body of literature that falls under the broad umbrella of AI Ethics. To that end, we read and annotated peer-reviewed papers published over the past four years in two premier conferences: FAccT and AIES. We organize the literature based on an annotation scheme we developed according to three main dimensions: whether the paper deals with concrete applications, use-cases, and/or people’s lived experience; to what extent it addresses harmed, threatened, or otherwise marginalized groups; and if so, whether it explicitly names such groups. We note that although the goals of the majority of FAccT and AIES papers were often commendable, their consideration of the negative impacts of AI on traditionally marginalized groups remained shallow. Taken together, our conceptual analysis and the data from annotated papers indicate that the field would benefit from an increased focus on ethical analysis grounded in concrete use-cases, people’s experiences, and applications as well as from approaches that are sensitive to structural and historical power asymmetries.

33 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article argued that ubiquitous Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) systems are close descendants of the Cartesian and Newtonian worldview in so far as they are tools that fundamentally sort, categorize, and classify the world, and forecast the future.
Abstract: On the one hand, complexity science and enactive and embodied cognitive science approaches emphasize that people, as complex adaptive systems, are ambiguous, indeterminable, and inherently unpredictable. On the other, Machine Learning (ML) systems that claim to predict human behaviour are becoming ubiquitous in all spheres of social life. I contend that ubiquitous Artificial Intelligence (AI) and ML systems are close descendants of the Cartesian and Newtonian worldview in so far as they are tools that fundamentally sort, categorize, and classify the world, and forecast the future. Through the practice of clustering, sorting, and predicting human behaviour and action, these systems impose order, equilibrium, and stability to the active, fluid, messy, and unpredictable nature of human behaviour and the social world at large. Grounded in complexity science and enactive and embodied cognitive science approaches, this article emphasizes why people, embedded in social systems, are indeterminable and unpredictable. When ML systems "pick up" patterns and clusters, this often amounts to identifying historically and socially held norms, conventions, and stereotypes. Machine prediction of social behaviour, I argue, is not only erroneous but also presents real harm to those at the margins of society.

32 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the importance of generalisation from dialogical single case studies is explained and justified, drawing on historical, theoretical and cultural knowledge, and explaining the meaning of generalization from case studies.
Abstract: Drawing on historical, theoretical and cultural knowledge, this introduction explains and justifies the importance of generalisation from dialogical single case studies. We clarify the meaning of d...

30 citations


Cites background or methods from "The Dialogical Mind: Common Sense a..."

  • ...As such, tensions between the holistic nature of the uniqueness and dynamics of ontologically interdependent Self–Other units, and the methodological tools with which such units are studied, remain (Grossen, 2010; Marková, 2016)....

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  • ...Other units, and the methodological tools with which such units are studied, remain (Grossen, 2010; Marková, 2016)....

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  • ...…to study dynamic and ethical interdependent units does not approach the construction of their case using a method of sampling that treats the Self as something other than an ethical being from whose unique communication with Others something important can be known (see also Marková, 2016)....

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1946-Mind

10 citations

Book
26 Jun 2009
TL;DR: Chang et al. as mentioned in this paper discuss the culture of relating in the 21st century and the meaning of relationships between humans and the world through the medium of singing and visual communication.
Abstract: Introduction, Rosemarie Sokol Chang. Series Editor's Preface: The Culture of Relating. Part I: Pre-cultural Backgrounds: Environment as Linked to the Behaving Organism. From Cellular to Human Worlds, Brady Wagoner and Phillip Rosenbaum. Complexities, Confusion, Choices: Reencountering Uexkull, Roger Bibace. The Wisdom of the Web: Learning from Spiders, Jaan Valsiner and Emily Lescak. Part II: Turning to Humans: Culture Enters the Story. The Umwelt and Emotional Experience, Glenn Weisfeld. From Mother's Mouth to Baby's World and Back Again: Shaping One's Attachments Through Vocalization, Rosemarie Sokol Chang. The Mating Game: The Extension of Umwelt in the 21st Century, Sarah L. Strout and Leila Samii. Part III: The Meaning-making Minds on Social Borders. The Living, the Un-Living, and the Hard-to-Kill: Acting and Feeling on the Boundary, Alessandra Zimmerman and Jaan Valsiner. Signifying Girlhood: Cultural Images of Girlhood and Semiotic Meaning-making by Girls in the 21st Century United States, Jessica L. Willis. Heimweh or Homesickness: A Nostalgic Look at the Umwelt That No Longer Is, Rainer Diriwachter. A Unified Topological Approach to Umwelts and Life Spaces, Lee Rudolph. Conclusion, Rosemarie Sokol Chang. Contributor Biographies and Contact Information.

10 citations

01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the role of a communicative partner who takes up the position of a listener-follower of the other's utterance, which is not directly related to intersubjectivity but to supporting a person in expressing their subjectivity.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to expand on the notion of communication as cure, which relies on the other taking the position of an acknowledging and trusted partner within a symbolic, communicative ‘Ego-Alter’ relationship. The topic and perspective is inspired by publications and lectures on dialogism by Ivana Markova and Per Linell, in particular by the books Dialogicality and Social Representations: The Dynamics of Mind (Markova, 2003, 2005) and Rethinking Language, Mind and World Dialogically (Linell, 2009). The article focuses on the role of a communicative partner who takes up the position of a listener-follower of the other’s utterance. This position can be contrasted with the monological position of the message-decoder and is not directly related to intersubjectivity but to supporting a person in expressing his/her subjectivity. The position can be likened to that taken by therapists in psychotherapy (e.g. Yalom, 2006). The article considers how the acknowledgement of the other’s utterance by the listenerfollower realizes the embodied and bodily symbolic expressivity as the proper voice of persons with congenital deafblindness. The article illustrates this point with reference to images of the symbolic expressivity of the body in paintings and sculptural art. Underlying the argument is the idea that it is more relevant to think about the proper voice and nature of communication with people with congenital deafblindness in terms of a manner of being rather than having, as understood by Merleau-Ponty (1962).

9 citations