The E-SCREEN assay as a tool to identify estrogens: an update on estrogenic environmental pollutants.
Ana M. Soto,Carlos Sonnenschein,Kerrie L. Chung,Mariana F. Fernández,Nicolás Olea,Fátima Olea Serrano +5 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The aims of the work summarized in this paper were to validate the E-SCREEN assay, to screen a variety of chemicals present in the environment to identify those that may be causing reproductive effects in wildlife and humans, and to assess whether environmental estrogens may act cumulatively.Abstract:
Estrogens are defined by their ability to induce the proliferation of cells of the female genital tract. The wide chemical diversity of estrogenic compounds precludes an accurate prediction of estrogenic activity on the basis of chemical structure. Rodent bioassays are not suited for the large-scale screening of chemicals before their release into the environment because of their cost, complexity, and ethical concerns. The E-SCREEN assay was developed to assess the estrogenicity of environmental chemicals using the proliferative effect of estrogens on their target cells as an end point. This quantitative assay compares the cell number achieved by similar inocula of MCF-7 cells in the absence of estrogens (negative control) and in the presence of 17 beta-estradiol (positive control) and a range of concentrations of chemicals suspected to be estrogenic. Among the compounds tested, several "new" estrogens were found; alkylphenols, phthalates, some PCB congeners and hydroxylated PCBs, and the insecticides dieldrin, endosulfan, and toxaphene were estrogenic by the E-SCREEN assay. In addition, these compounds competed with estradiol for binding to the estrogen receptor and increased the levels of progesterone receptor and pS2 in MCF-7 cells, as expected from estrogen mimics. Recombinant human growth factors (bFGF, EGF, IGF-1) and insulin did not increase in cell yields. The aims of the work summarized in this paper were a) to validate the E-SCREEN assay; b) to screen a variety of chemicals present in the environment to identify those that may be causing reproductive effects in wildlife and humans; c) to assess whether environmental estrogens may act cumulatively; and finally d) to discuss the reliability of this and other assays to screen chemicals for their estrogenicity before they are released into the environment.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses
Laura N. Vandenberg,Theo Colborn,Tyrone B. Hayes,Jerrold J. Heindel,David R. Jacobs,Duk Hee Lee,Toshi Shioda,Ana M. Soto,Wade V. Welshons,R. Thomas Zoeller,John Peterson Myers +10 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that when nonmonotonic dose-response curves occur, the effects of low doses cannot be predicted by the effects observed at high doses, and fundamental changes in chemical testing and safety determination are needed to protect human health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Male reproductive health and environmental xenoestrogens
Jorma Toppari,John Chr. Larsen,Peter Christiansen,Aleksander Giwercman,Philippe Grandjean,Louis J. Guillette,Bernard Jégou,Tina Kold Jensen,Pierre Jouannet,Niels Keiding,Henrik Leffers,John A. McLachlan,Otto A. Meyer,Jørn Müller,E. Rajpert-De Meyts,Thomas H. Scheike,Richard M. Sharpe,John P. Sumpter,Niels E. Skakkebæk +18 more
TL;DR: The growing number of reports demonstrating that common environmental contaminants and natural factors possess estrogenic activity presents the working hypothesis that the adverse trends in male reproductive health may be, at least in part, associated with exposure to estrogenic or other hormonally active environmental chemicals during fetal and childhood development.
Journal ArticleDOI
EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals
Andrea C. Gore,Vesna A. Chappell,Suzanne E. Fenton,Jodi A. Flaws,Angel Nadal,Gail S. Prins,Jorma Toppari,R. T. Zoeller +7 more
TL;DR: A much more complete understanding of the endocrine principles by which EDCs act, including nonmonotonic dose-responses, low-dose effects, and developmental vulnerability, can be much better translated to human health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants--I. Investigations in Germany, Canada and Brazil.
TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior and occurrence of natural estrogens and synthetic contraceptives in municipal sewage treatment plants (STP) were investigated in German and Canadian facilities, and the mean recoveries of the analytes in ground water after SPE extraction, clean-up and derivatization generally exceeded 75%.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endocrine Disruption in Wildlife: A Critical Review of the Evidence
TL;DR: The evidence, from both laboratory and field studies, that exposure to steroid hormone mimics may impair reproductive function is reviewed and the weight of evidence for endocrine disruption in wildlife is critically assessed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans.
TL;DR: Mechanisms underlying the disruption of the development of vital systems, such as the endocrine, reproductive, and immune systems, are discussed with reference to wildlife, laboratory animals, and humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Human Cell Line From a Pleural Effusion Derived From a Breast Carcinoma
Journal ArticleDOI
Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract
TL;DR: It is argued that the increasing incidence of reproductive abnormalities in the human male may be related to increased oestrogen exposure in utero, and mechanisms by which this exposure could occur are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estrogenic Effects of Effluents from Sewage Treatment Works
TL;DR: The presence of vitellogenin in the plasma is indicative of estrogenic stimulation of the liver in oviparous fish, and rose rapidly and very markedly when trout were maintained in the effluent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmentally persistent alkylphenolic compounds are estrogenic
TL;DR: It is shown that a number of alkylphenolic compounds, used in a variety of commercial products and found in river water, are estrogenic in fish, birds, and mammals and capable of stimulating vitellogenin gene expression in trout hepatocytes, gene transcription in transfected cells, and the growth of breast cancer cell lines.