The effect of photoinitiators on intracellular AKT signaling pathway in tissue engineering application.
TL;DR: The results show that the photoinitiators and their UV-exposed counterparts affect intracellular AKT signaling, which can be used in conjunction with cell viability for cytocompatibility assessment of photoInitiators.
Abstract: Free-radical photopolymerization initiated by photoinitiators is an important method to make tissue engineering scaffolds. To advance understanding of photoinitiator cytocompatibility, we examined three photoinitiators including 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA), Irgacure 2959 (I-2959), and eosin Y photoinitiating system (EY) in terms of their effects on the viability of HN4 cells and expression levels of intracellular AKT and its phosphorylated form p-AKT. Our results show that the photoinitiators and their UV-exposed counterparts affect intracellular AKT signaling, which can be used in conjunction with cell viability for cytocompatibility assessment of photoinitiators.
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TL;DR: This article provides a comprehensive review of the injectable scaffolds currently being investigated for dental and craniofacial tissue regeneration, including natural, synthetic, and composite biomaterials.
Abstract: Injectable scaffolds are appealing for tissue regeneration because they offer many advantages over pre-formed scaffolds. This article provides a comprehensive review of the injectable scaffolds currently being investigated for dental and craniofacial tissue regeneration. First, we provide an overview of injectable scaffolding materials, including natural, synthetic, and composite biomaterials. Next, we discuss a variety of characteristic parameters and gelation mechanisms of the injectable scaffolds. The advanced injectable scaffolding systems developed in recent years are then illustrated. Furthermore, we summarize the applications of the injectable scaffolds for the regeneration of dental and craniofacial tissues that include pulp, dentin, periodontal ligament, temporomandibular joint, and alveolar bone. Finally, our perspectives on the injectable scaffolds for dental and craniofacial tissue regeneration are offered as signposts for the future advancement of this field.
173 citations
TL;DR: This work hypothesizes that suitable solvent based ink formulations can be developed that allow the production of solid dosage forms that meet the standards required for pharmaceutical tablets, whilst offering a platform for flexible and personalized manufacture.
154 citations
Cites background or methods from "The effect of photoinitiators on in..."
...However, residual unreacted monomer and macromer (Norman et al., 2017), as well as photoinitiator related decomposition products may be of concern in solid dosage forms depending on the concentrations released during dissolution (Williams et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2015)....
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...…photoinitiators used for polymerizing hydrogels and cell encapsulation Biomaterials, 25 (2005), pp. 1211-1218 doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.04.024 Xu et al., 2015 L. Xu, N. Sheybani, W. A. Yeudall, H.Yang The effect of photoinitiators on intracellular AKT signalling pathway in tissue engineering…...
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TL;DR: OPC-containing hydrogel scaffolds possessed controlled photothermal, rheological, and compressive mechanical properties under NIR laser stimuli, as well as excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity for melanoma therapy and wound healing.
Abstract: Grape-seed extracts contain rich flavonoids with oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC). In this study, OPC containing hydrogel scaffolds can function as a natural photothermal agent for melanoma therapy and bioactive biomaterial for wound healing. Inspired by grape-seed extracts, OPC were explored as a photothermal agent and endowed the hydrogel scaffolds with excellent and controlled photothermal ability. The rheological property of the hydrogel scaffolds responded to irradiation time of near infrared (NIR) laser, and OPC contents. The compressive mechanical property of the hydrogel scaffolds was well modulated by NIR laser irradiation with different impact durations. The controlled high temperature induced by OPC-containing hydrogel scaffolds under NIR laser irradiation could effectively kill melanoma cells and suppress tumor growth. In addition, OPC-containing hydrogel scaffolds supported the proliferation and migration of human dermal fibroblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, as well as obv...
151 citations
TL;DR: The chemical modifications and processing methods employed to produce HA-modified materials are discussed, thus giving a better understanding of the structure-function-property relationships that influence immunomodulation, immunoprotection and stability.
113 citations
TL;DR: This work describes a simple and effective way to control the swelling and degradation rate of nucleophilic thiol–yne poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel networks using two straightforward routes: using multiarm alkyne and thiol terminated PEG precursors or introducing a thermoresponsive unit into the PEG network while maintaining their robust mechanical properties.
60 citations
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