scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Journal Article

The effect of temperature on preparation of nano material via dopping ZP in mesoporous activated carbon

TL;DR: In this article, a nano material was obtained by dopping ZP in mesoporous nanocarbon which was prepared by physical activation carbon via thermal effect. But, the dopped ZP-C materials were heat-treated at various temperatures, 100-800 0 C.
Abstract: A nano material was obtained by dopping ZP in mesoporous nanocarbon which prepared by physical activation carbon via thermal effect .A series of ZP materials dopped in activated carbon obtained from DP by physical activation. The dopped ZP-C materials were heat-treated at various temperatures, 100–800 0 C. TGA & DTG thermal analysis showed that incorporation of the doping agent within the carbon DP layered materials which enhanced the heat-resistivity of the nanohybrid materials in the thermal decomposition pathway. Porous carbon materials can be obtained from the heat-treatment of the nanohybrids at 700 and 900 0 C. Calcination of the dopped material was achieved at 900 0 C under nitrogen atmosphere which produces mesoporous and high pore volume carbon materials. According to the kinetics of Freeman–Carroll and Coats–Redfern the calculated order of reaction of ZP in DP is 2. The calculated activation energy of both matri­ces are 402 and 350 kJ mol –1 . Key Words: Activated carbon; solid waste DP; physical activation; ZP; and nanotechnology

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two important future research directions are indicated and summarized, based on results published in the literature: the development of composite and nanostructured ES materials to overcome the major challenge posed by the low energy density.
Abstract: In this critical review, metal oxides-based materials for electrochemical supercapacitor (ES) electrodes are reviewed in detail together with a brief review of carbon materials and conducting polymers. Their advantages, disadvantages, and performance in ES electrodes are discussed through extensive analysis of the literature, and new trends in material development are also reviewed. Two important future research directions are indicated and summarized, based on results published in the literature: the development of composite and nanostructured ES materials to overcome the major challenge posed by the low energy density of ES (476 references).

7,642 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
23 Mar 2012-ACS Nano
TL;DR: The 3D graphene/Co(3)O(4) composite was used as the monolithic free-standing electrode for supercapacitor application and for enzymeless electrochemical detection of glucose and it is demonstrated that it is capable of delivering high specific capacitance and detecting glucose with a ultrahigh sensitivity.
Abstract: Using a simple hydrothermal procedure, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanowires were in situ synthesized on three-dimensional (3D) graphene foam grown by chemical vapor deposition. The structure and morphology of the resulting 3D graphene/Co3O4 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The 3D graphene/Co3O4 composite was used as the monolithic free-standing electrode for supercapacitor application and for enzymeless electrochemical detection of glucose. We demonstrate that it is capable of delivering high specific capacitance of ∼1100 F g–1 at a current density of 10 A g–1 with excellent cycling stability, and it can detect glucose with a ultrahigh sensitivity of 3.39 mA mM–1 cm–2 and a remarkable lower detection limit of <25 nM (S/N = 8.5).

1,467 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Jan 2013-ACS Nano
TL;DR: This research might provide a method for flexible, lightweight, high-performance, low-cost, and environmentally friendly materials used in energy conversion and storage systems for the effective use of renewable energy.
Abstract: A lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient energy management strategy is needed for flexible energy-storage devices to meet a rapidly growing demand. Graphene-based flexible supercapacitors are one of the most promising candidates because of their intriguing features. In this report, we describe the use of freestanding, lightweight (0.75 mg/cm2), ultrathin (<200 μm), highly conductive (55 S/cm), and flexible three-dimensional (3D) graphene networks, loaded with MnO2 by electrodeposition, as the electrodes of a flexible supercapacitor. It was found that the 3D graphene networks showed an ideal supporter for active materials and permitted a large MnO2 mass loading of 9.8 mg/cm2 (∼92.9% of the mass of the entire electrode), leading to a high area capacitance of 1.42 F/cm2 at a scan rate of 2 mV/s. With a view to practical applications, we have further optimized the MnO2 content with respect to the entire electrode and achieved a maximum specific capacitance of 130 F/g. In addition, we have also explored t...

1,309 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
11 Apr 2013-ACS Nano
TL;DR: The exploration of a three-dimensional (3D) graphene hydrogel for the fabrication of high-performance solid-state flexible supercapacitors demonstrates the exciting potential of 3D graphene macrostructures for high- performance flexible energy storage devices.
Abstract: Flexible solid-state supercapacitors are of considerable interest as mobile power supply for future flexible electronics. Graphene or carbon nanotubes based thin films have been used to fabricate flexible solid-state supercapacitors with high gravimetric specific capacitances (80–200 F/g), but usually with a rather low overall or areal specific capacitance (3–50 mF/cm2) due to the ultrasmall electrode thickness (typically a few micrometers) and ultralow mass loading, which is not desirable for practical applications. Here we report the exploration of a three-dimensional (3D) graphene hydrogel for the fabrication of high-performance solid-state flexible supercapacitors. With a highly interconnected 3D network structure, graphene hydrogel exhibits exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical robustness to make it an excellent material for flexible energy storage devices. Our studies demonstrate that flexible supercapacitors with a 120 μm thick graphene hydrogel thin film can exhibit excellent capaciti...

1,026 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A highly compressible supercapacitor has been fabricated by using newly developed polypyrrole-mediated graphene foam as electrode and achieves superb compression tolerance without significant variation of capacitances under long-term compressive loading and unloading processes.
Abstract: Deformation-tolerant devices are vital for the development of high-tech electronics of unconventional forms. In this study, a highly compressible supercapacitor has been fabricated by using newly developed polypyrrole-mediated graphene foam as electrode. The assembled supercapacitor performs based on the unique and robust foam electrodes achieves superb compression tolerance without significant variation of capacitances under long-term compressive loading and unloading processes.

742 citations