The Effects of a Mixture of Brown and Black Rice on Lipid Profiles and Antioxidant Status in Rats
TL;DR: Brown and black rice have cardioprotective effects in rats fed different combinations of grains, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in liver is shown to be higher in rats in the order of those fed WH, WHBR, WHBL and BRBL.
Abstract: Background: The present study was designed to investigate the influence of natural brown and black rice consumption on serum lipid parameters and hepatic enzyme activities in rats f
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TL;DR: The in vitro antioxidant capacity of cereals is only an approximate reflection of their in vivo antioxidant effect due to differences in antioxidant solubility/bioavailability within the digestive tract and the metabolism/conjugation of compounds such as polyphenols as mentioned in this paper.
355 citations
TL;DR: This review provides up-to-date coverage of pigmented rice in regard to bioactive constituents, extraction and analytical methods, and bioactivities including antioxidant and free radical scavenging, antitumor, antiatherosclerosis, hypoglycemic, and antiallergic activities.
Abstract: The pigmented rice has been consumed in China, Japan, and Korea for a long time. It has been used for strengthening kidney function, treating anemia, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, treating diabetes, and ameliorating sight in traditional Chinese medicine. The extracts from pigmented rice are used as natural food colorants in bread, ice cream, and liquor as well as functional food. The pigmented rice is mainly black, red, and dark purple rice, and contains a variety of flavones, tannin, phenolics, sterols, tocols, γ-oryzanols, amino acids, and essential oils. Anthocyanins are thought as major functional components of pigmented rice. Several anthocyanins have been isolated and identified from the pigmented rice, including cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-rutinoside, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, malvidin 3-galactoside, peonidin 3-glucoside, and pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside. This review provides up-to-date coverage of pigmented rice in regard to bioactive constituents...
215 citations
Cites background from "The Effects of a Mixture of Brown a..."
...A mixture of brown and black rice improved the lipid profiles and antioxidant status in rats (Kim et al., 2006)....
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TL;DR: High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of dehulled red, black and non-colored indica and japonica rice subspecies revealed significant differences in the contents of the anthocyanins cyanidin-3-glucoside and peonid in-glUCoside.
63 citations
TL;DR: The Acetone/Water was the most effective solvolytic solution for extracting free phenolics from pigmented rice, as well as anthocyanins from black and wild rice, and proanthocyanidins from red rice and the adoption of an enzymatic treatment, with α-amylase, increased the extractability of bound phenolics.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of germinated giant embryonic rice consumption on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant system in the human body was investigated. But the authors did not investigate the effect of the consumption of giant rice on the human liver.
Abstract: Background/Aims: The purpose of the current study is to investigate the influence of germinated giant embryonic rice consumption on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant system in ra
47 citations
Cites result from "The Effects of a Mixture of Brown a..."
...dietary fiber might be a convincing candidate to explain the prominent hypocholesterolemic effect shown in the GGE-D group. This hypothesis is in good agreement with the study of Kim et al. [...
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References
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TL;DR: Dietary customs of people of South Asian origin living in Britain are important determinants of health but have been relatively little studied and Moslems were least likely to be vegetarians, to drink alcohol and to use home-made ghee and yoghurt, and Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus ate dhal more frequently.
Abstract: The dietary customs of people of South Asian origin living in Britain are important determinants of health but have been relatively little studied. As part of the Coventry study of diabetes carried out in the Foleshill ward of the city, subjects undergoing oral glucose tolerance tests provided information on this aspect of lifestyle. A questionnaire was completed by all of the last 612 subjects undergoing testing. These included 304 of European origin, 118 Punjabi Sikhs, seventy-six Pakistani/Punjabi Moslems, twenty-eight Gujerati Moslems, twenty-five Punjabi Hindus and forty-seven Gujerati Hindus. There were no discernible differences in the dietary customs of those with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance and newly diagnosed diabetes. Subjects of South Asian origin ate significantly fewer meals per day than European subjects. Evening meal times were 2-3 h later among South Asians. Europeans ate less fruit but more vegetables and more brown rice than South Asians. Gujeratis ate more rice, fried snacks and white flour. Moslems were least likely to be vegetarians, to drink alcohol and to use home-made ghee and yoghurt, and Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus ate dhal more frequently than Pakistani Moslems, Gujerati Moslems or Hindus. Most South Asians ate Indian sweets and 'Western' snacks.
97 citations
TL;DR: Article de synthese sur 5 cereales: ble, mais, riz, orge, seigle, effet de la mouture: aspects nutritionnels, energie, composition (aminoacides, vitamines, mineraux entre autres)
Abstract: Article de synthese sur 5 cereales: ble, mais, riz, orge, seigle. Pour chacune, rappels de la structure et de la composition chimique, effet de la mouture: aspects nutritionnels, energie, composition (aminoacides, vitamines, mineraux entre autres)
82 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Low density lipoprotein oxidizability can be reduced by antioxidant nutrients, however, more research is needed to establish their utility in the prevention of coronary artery disease.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the extent of dietary n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-stimulated tissue lipid peroxidation was less than expected from the relative peroxidizability index of the total tissue lipids.
Abstract: In a previous study, we found that the extent of dietary n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-stimulated tissue lipid peroxidation was less than expected from the relative peroxidizability index of the total tissue lipids in rats with adequate vitamin E nutritional status. This suppression of lipid peroxidation was especially prominent in the liver. To elucidate whether this phenomenon was unique to DHA, we compared the peroxidation effects of n-3 alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LN) and n-3 eicosapentaeonic acid (EPA) with those of DHA in rats. Either alpha-LN (8.6 % of total energy), EPA (8.2 %), or DHA (8.0 %) and one of two levels of dietary vitamin E (7.5 and 54 mg/kg diet) were fed to rats for 22 d. Levels of conjugated diene, chemiluminescence emission and thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactive substance in the liver, kidney, and testis were determined as indicators of lipid peroxidation. In rats fed the DHA diet deficient in vitamin E (7.5 mg/kg diet), TBA values in the liver, kidney, and testis correlated well with the tissues' relative peroxidizability indices. In rats fed the alpha-LN diet with an adequate level of vitamin E (54 mg/kg diet), a close association between relative peroxidizability indices and lipid peroxide levels was observed in all the tissues analysed. However, in rats fed either the EPA diet or the DHA diet with an adequate level of vitamin E, the extent of lipid peroxidation in each tissue was less than expected from the relative peroxidizability index. This suppression was particularly marked in the liver. We concluded that suppression of lipid peroxidation below the relative peroxidizability index was not unique to DHA, but was also seen with EPA, which has five double bonds, in rats with adequate vitamin E nutritional status, but not with alpha-LN, which has three double bonds.
62 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Bl blending RBO with safflower oil, but not with sunflower oil, may magnify the hypocholesterolemic efficacy, and the possible mechanism underlying this effect may at least in part be related to the specific triglyceride structure of saffer oil, differing from that ofSunflower oil.
Abstract: Although scientific evidence is relatively limited, rice bran oil (RBO) is tenaciously believed to be a healthy vegetable oil in Asian countries. It exerts hypocholesterolemic activity in relation to more commonly used vegetable oils and is characterized by a relatively high content of non-fatty acid components, some of which are known to have beneficial health effects. Components specific for RBO such as gamma-oryzanol and tocotrienols could participate in its hypocholesterolemic effects. In addition, blending RBO with safflower oil, but not with sunflower oil, may magnify the hypocholesterolemic efficacy. This observation is of particular interest with regard to dietary intervention with RBO. The possible mechanism underlying this effect may at least in part be related to the specific triglyceride structure of safflower oil, differing from that of sunflower oil.
61 citations