The Effects of Plant Flavonoids on Mammalian Cells:Implications for Inflammation, Heart Disease, and Cancer
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...Furthermore, polyphenols, which constitute the active substances found in many medicinal plants, modulate the activity of a wide range of enzymes and cell receptors (1)....
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3,630 citations
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...However, this family of compounds has a diverse range of activities in mammalian cells [14, 20] and in vivo confirmation of their side effects would be necessary for a full evaluation of their practical usefulness in the field of modern medicine [29] ....
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...Given that the selectivity of flavonoids for eukaryotic enzymes appears to vary from compound to compound [15, 20] , such a study would need to assess the toxicity of these phytochemicals on an individual basis....
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...[20] ....
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...The diverse range of cell functions affected by flavonoids in eukaryotic systems is well documented [10, 20] ....
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...[17, 18] , isoflavones [10] , chalcones [13, 19] , flavanones [10, 13] , flavones [10] , flavonols [10] , flavanon-3-ols [13] , anthocyanidins [13, 20] , flavan-3-ols [10, 13] , proanthocyanidins (occur as dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers; R = 0, 1, 2 or 3 flavan-3-ol structures) [13] , flavans [13] , flavan-3,4-diols [13] and dihydrochalcones [13] ....
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...While a number of in vitro experiments have suggested that (poly)phenols may influence carcinogenesis and tumor development (61, 126, 306, 356, 470), very few clinical trials have been conducted regarding the role of (poly)phenols in cancer prevention, incidence, or mortality....
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References
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Additional excerpts
...independent of transition metal ions (Beckman et al., 1990)....
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